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| Shaddad | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corrupt Tyrant | |||||||||
 The Paradise of Shaddad Palace Discovered byAlexander the Great from theIskandarnameh, 1517-1518 | |||||||||
| Burial | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Dynasty | ʿĀd tribe | ||||||||
| Religion | Arabian polytheism(possibly) | ||||||||
Shaddād (Arabic:شدّاد), also known asShaddād bin ʽĀd (Arabic:شدّاد بن عاد), was the legendary tyrannical king in Arabian folklore. The lostArabian city ofIram of the Pillars, which is mentioned inSura 89 of theQur'an, it typically attributed to being his realm. Various sources suggest Shaddad was the son of 'Ad al-Miltat ibn Saksak ibn Wa'il ibnHimyar.[1]
According to theQu'ran, Iram of the Pillars was a city of occult worshippers of stone idols, who defied the warnings of the prophetHud. To punish them, God sent a drought. But the people would not repent, so they were destroyed by a furious wind, from which only Prophet Hud and a few believers emerged. Which later descended to the tribe ofThamud, which stayed inNorthern Arabia around the Nabatean Kingdom. WhileAd may have stayed inSouthern Arabia around Yemen or Oman.[citation needed]
There is no mention of Shaddad in archaeological or Quranic records.[citation needed]
Inantiquity, Arabs have attributed unknown historical lore to Shaddad. For instance, a tradition mentions Shaddad, the king of Ad, as the ruler who built the pyramids in Egypt and ruled there.[2] Possibly making the claim of his rule extend further into Northern Arabia as well. The reason for this link may be the author attempting to attribute the Pyramids to theArabs as part of their achievements. As many medieval Muslim writers did.[3]
His story is found in the 277th through 279th nights ofThe Book of One Thousand and One Nights the tale describes him as a universal king who ruled over the world and the one who built the city of Iram. Brothers Shadīd (شديد) and Shaddād are said to have reigned in turn over the 1,000 Adite tribes, each consisting of several thousand men. It is said that Shaddad brutally subdued all Arabia andIraq. Many Arab writers tell of an expedition of Shaddād that caused theCanaanite migration, their settling in Syria, and the Shepherd invasion of Egypt.[citation needed]
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