Sexual diversity orgender and sexual diversity (GSD), refers to all the diversities ofsex characteristics,sexual orientations andgender identities, without the need to specify each of the identities, behaviors, or characteristics that form this plurality.[1][2][3][4]
In theWestern world, generally simple classifications are used to describe sexual orientation (heterosexuals,homosexuals andbisexuals), gender identity (transgender andcisgender), and related minorities (intersex), gathered under the acronymsLGBTQ orLGBTQIA+ (lesbian,gay,bisexual,asexual,transgender/transsexual people, and sometimesintersex people); however, other cultures have other ways of understanding the sex andgender systems.[5][6][7] Over the last few decades, somesexology theories have emerged, such asKinsey theory andqueer theory, proposing that this classification is not enough to describe the sexual complexity in human beings and, even, in otheranimal species.[8]
For example, some people may feel an intermediate sexual orientation between heterosexual and bisexual (heteroflexible) or between homosexual and bisexual (homoflexible). It may vary over time, too (sexual fluidity), or include attraction not only towards women and men, but to all the spectrum of sexes and genders (pansexual).[9] In other words, within bisexuality there exists a huge diversity of typologies and preferences that vary from an exclusive heterosexuality to a complete homosexuality (Kinsey scale).[10]
Sexual diversity includesintersex people, those born with a variety of intermediate features between women and men.[11] It also includestransgender and transsexed people,genderfluid people, and so on.[12][9]
Lastly, sexual diversity also includesasexual people, who feel disinterest in sexual activity;[13][9] and all those who consider that their identity cannot be defined, such asqueer people.
Socially, sexual diversity is claimed as the acceptance of being different but with equal rights, liberties, and opportunities within theHuman Rights framework. In many countries, visibility of sexual diversity is vindicated duringPride Parades.[14]
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