The following events occurred inSeptember 1919:

• American communist leadersC. E. Ruthenberg andLouis C. Fraina formed theCommunist Party of America after splintering from theSocialist Labor Party of America during thenational convention inChicago.^[1]
• Edward, Prince of Wales opened the third parliamentary session of the13th Canadian Parliament.^[2]
• The59th Infantry Division of theBritish Army was disbanded along with itsmortar brigade.^[3]
• TheRoyal Air Force disbanded air groupNo. 15.^[4]
• TheBaku State University was established inBaku,Azerbaijan.^[5]
• TheForestry Commission was established in theUnited Kingdom.^[6]
• Russian filmmakerVladimir Gardin founded the Moscow Film School (now theGerasimov Institute of Cinematography), which continues to be the longest-running active film school in the world.^[7]
• United Artists released their first film,His Majesty, the American starringDouglas Fairbanks and directed byJoseph Henabery.^[8]
• New subway stations were added to theBMT Broadway Line inNew York City, includingFifth Avenue andLexington Avenue.^[9]
• The Norwegian newspaperAgder Tidend began publishing inKristiansand,Norway.^[10]
• Sports clubVidar was established inOslo, where it is known for itstrack and field,triathlon andarchery programs.^[11]
• Born:
  • Gladys Davis, Canadian baseball player,shortstop andoutfielder of theAll-American Girls Professional Baseball League from 1943 to 1946; as Gladys Victoria Anthony, inToronto,Canada (d.1991)^{[citation needed]}
  • Mahmud Ali, Pakistani politician, founder of theGanatantri Dal political party; inSunamganj,British India (present-dayBangladesh) (d.2006)^{[citation needed]}

• Atropical cyclone formed east ofGuadeloupe in theAtlantic Ocean.^[12]
• Stagehands with theatrical companies across theUnited States joined in support of theactors' strike.^[13]
• TheDanish-Baltic Auxiliary Corps, a military volunteer unit to assistEstonia andLatvia achieve independence fromRussia, was officially disbanded.^[14]
• Born:Marge Champion, American actress and choreographer, known for her collaboration with husbandGower Champion on film musicals includingMr. Music andShow Boat, and her work on the 1970s television miniseriesThe Awakening Land; as Marjorie Celeste Belcher, inLos Angeles, United States (d.2020)^{[citation needed]}

• Jan Smuts became the secondPrime Minister of South Africa.^[15]
• Axeman of New Orleans – Nineteen-year old Sarah Laumann was attacked while she slept in her home. Neighbors discovered her lying unconscious on her bed with head injuries and a bloody ax was found in front of her house. Laumann recovered but could not recall any details from the attack.^[16]
• TheGerman Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic was established during a political convention inTeplice,Czechoslovakia.^[17]
• American economistRoger Babson founded a private business school later referred to asBabson College inWellesley, Massachusetts.^[18]

• TheTurkish National Movementassembled inSivas,Turkey to discuss formation of a future Turkish government following the dissolution of theOttoman Empire.^[19]
• Bill Johnston defeatedBill Tilden 6–4, 6–4, 6–3 in themen's singles at theU.S. National Championships whileNorman Brookes andGerald Patterson defeated Tilden andVincent Richards 8–6, 6–3, 4–6, 4–6, 6–2 in the men's doubles.^[20]
• The football clubKapfenberger SV was established inKapfenberg,Austria.^[21]
• Born:
  • Howard Morris, American actor, best known for the role ofErnest T. Bass in the 1960s television comedyThe Andy Griffith Show; inNew York City,United States (d.2005)^{[citation needed]}
  • Émile Bouchard, Canadian hockey player,defenceman for theMontreal Canadiens from 1941 to 1956, four-timeStanley Cup champion; as Joseph Émile Alcide Bouchard, inMontreal,Canada (d.2012)^{[citation needed]}
  • Phil Terranova, American boxer,World Featherweight Champion in 1943; inNew York City, United States (d.2000)^{[citation needed]}

• Born:Tom Jordan (baseball), American baseball player who was catcher for theChicago White Sox,Cleveland Indians andSt. Louis Browns
• Died:Joseph Ivess, 75, Irish-New Zealand politician, member of theNew Zealand House of Representatives forWakanui from 1882 to 1887 (b.1844)^{[citation needed]}

• AUnited States Army motor convoy arrived inSan Francisco to complete a nearlytwo-month continental journey by vehicle across theUnited States. Information collected during the trek contributed to the development of theU.S. Highway System.^[22]
• Theactors' strike ended with theProducing Managers' Association signing a new basic agreement with theActors' Equity Association and dropping all lawsuits.^[23]
• TheSocialist Party of Transylvania was established inSibiu,Romania.^[24]
• TheGeorge-Étienne Cartier Monument, sculpted byGeorge William Hill, was unveiled inMount Royal,Montreal.^[25]
• Born:Lee Archer, American air force officer, commander of the332d Fighter Group, also known as theTuskegee Airmen, duringWorld War II, recipient of theDistinguished Flying Cross, nineAir Medals, and twoCommendation Medals; inYonkers, New York,United States (d.2010)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Lord Charles Beresford, 73, British naval officer, recipient of theVictoria Cross for action during theAnglo-Zulu War,Order of the Bath andRoyal Victorian Order (b.1846)^{[citation needed]}

• The firstWaldorf school opened inStuttgart,Germany with 256 students enrolled. The school'scurriculum was based onanthroposophy developed by German philosopherRudolf Steiner. The independent school has grown to its present size of 1,150 schools in 75 countries.^[26]
• Fairmount Bagel, the first bagel bakery inMontreal, opened in theMile End neighbourhood of thePlateau-Mont-Royal borough onSaint-Laurent Boulevard. It moved to its current location on 74 Fairmount Avenue West in 1949.^[27]
• Popular comic duoRoscoe Arbuckle andBuster Keaton released their next film hitBack Stage throughParamount Pictures.^[28]
• Born:
  • Louise Bennett-Coverley, Jamaican poet, promoter ofJamaican Patois; inKingston, Jamaica (d.2006)^{[citation needed]}
  • Johanna von Trapp, sixth child ofGeorg von Trapp and member of theTrapp Family Singers; inZell am See,Austria (d.1994)^{[citation needed]}

• Ahurricane struck theCaribbean, resulting in the sinking of Spanish steamshipValbanera with the loss of all 488 passengers and crew on-board offCuba,^[29][30] while British steamerCorydon ran aground and sank offThe Bahamas with 27 crew killed.^[31]
• Minnesota ratified theNineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which gave voting rights to women.^[32]
• British soldiers rioted inFermoy,Ireland following an inquest on the previous death of a British soldier that failed to produce any murder charges.^[33]
• Chemical manufacturerDaicel was established inOsaka from a merger of eight regional companies.^[34]
• Born:
  • Manfred Meurer, German air force officer, commander ofNachtjagdgeschwader 1 for theLuftwaffe duringWorld War II, recipient of theKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross; inHamburg,Weimar Republic (present-dayGermany) (d.1944,killed in action)^{[citation needed]}
  • Lyudmila Tselikovskaya, Russian actress, known for her film roles includingIvan the Terrible, recipient of thePeople's Artist; inAstrakhan,Russian SFSR (present-dayRussia) (d.1992)^{[citation needed]}
  • Maria Lassnig, Austrian painter, member of theHundsgruppe, first female recipient of theGrand Austrian State Prize and theAustrian Decoration for Science and Art; inKappel am Krappfeld,Austria (d.2014)^{[citation needed]}

• The majority of the 1,500 officers with theBoston Police Departmentwent on strike after Police CommissionerEdwin Upton Curtis denied them the right to form a union.^[35]
• John Howatt Bell becamePremier of Prince Edward Island, replacingAubin-Edmond Arsenault following his defeat by Bell in provincial elections held in July.^[36]
• Born:
  • Barbara Fiske Calhoun, American comic book artist, pioneer female artist during theGolden Age of Comic Books, co-founder of theQuarry Hill Creative Center; as Isabelle Daniel Hall, inTucson, Arizona,United States (d.2014)^{[citation needed]}
  • John Ljunggren, Swedish speed walker, gold medalist at the1948 Summer Olympics, bronze medalist at the1956 Summer Olympics, and silver medalist at the1960 Summer Olympics; inForsheda,Sweden (d.2000)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:John Mitchell, 49, American labor leader, president of theUnited Mine Workers of America from 1898 to 1908; died ofpneumonia (b.1870)^{[citation needed]}

• TheTreaty of Saint-Germain was signed, formally endingWorld War I forAustria-Hungary and dissolving theAustrian Empire.^[37] The borders ofAustria were reduced further with articles forbidding the country from unifying withGermany, leading to the establishment of theFirst Austrian Republic.^[38] It also granted sovereignty toCarpathian Ruthenia using territory in what is now westernUkraine and easternSlovakia.^[39]
• Ahurricane struckGoulds, Florida before moving through theFlorida Keys, killing 600 people in theFlorida Keys andCorpus Christi, Texas. Most of the casualties, roughly 500, were caught in one of 10 boats caught out at sea during the hurricane.^[40]
• Boston experienced an overnight spike in crime at the onset of thepolice strike, forcingMassachusetts GovernorCalvin Coolidge to order 5,000State Guards to retain order in the city.^[41]
• TheNew Hampshire Senate ratified the19th amendment with a vote of 14 for and 10 against.^[42]
• The firstVeterans Day Parade was held inNew York City, withGeneralJohn J. Pershing of theAmerican Expeditionary Forces in attendance.^[43]
• Public sympathy for five sailors convicted of mutiny while serving onRoyal Australian NavybattlecruiserHMAS Australia in June forced the navy to reduce sentences for the participants.^[44]
• The 1919Schneider Trophy race, the first since 1914, was flown atBournemouth,England. However, poor weather conditions forced many of the competing planes to ground for safety, including Schneider Cup favoriteHarry Hawker who was forced to land hisSopwith seaplane due to heavy fog.^[45] Other planes making debuts at the competition but were grounded that day included theAvro 539,Grahame-White Bantam, and theSea Lion.^[46]
• Football and sports clubs were established in the following cities:Spartak Pleven^[47] inPleven,Bulgaria, andDesamparados inSan Juan, Argentina which currently plays inTorneo Argentino B.^[48]

• Russian Civil War – TheWhite Army foiled attempts by theRed Army to recapture the city of Tsaritsyn (nowVolgograd). This ultimately led to the end of the counteroffensive.
• Violence peaked during theBoston police strike, with riots and disorder. At one point, mountedState Guards charged a crowd, resulting in one death. In total, nine people were killed in violence around the city.^[49]
• TheTurkish National Movement established theCommittee of Representation inSivas,Turkey as the executive branch of theGeneral Assembly of the Ottoman Empire.^[50]
• ItalianWorld War I aceGiovanni Ancillotto made a six-hour nonstop flight fromRome toWarsaw, whereIgnacy Jan Paderewski,Prime Minister of Poland greeted him personally upon his arrival. Ultimately, the flight resulted inItaly selling 75Ansaldobiplanes to thePolish Air Force.^[51]
• ArchbishopMichael Gallagher of theRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit established theSacred Heart Major Seminary inDetroit.^[52]
• Born:
  • Daphne Odjig, Canadian indigenous artist, member of theIndian Group of Seven; inWiikwemkoong,Ontario,Canada (b.2016)^{[citation needed]}
  • Reed Whittemore, American poet, 28thUnited States Poet Laureate; as Edward Reed Whittemore, Jr., inNew Haven, Connecticut,United States (d.2012)^{[citation needed]}

• Russian Civil War – GeneralAnton Denikin of theWhite Army ordered his troops to concentrate on breaking theRed Army on theSouthern Front in his attempt tocaptureMoscow.^[53]
• Nationalist poetGabriele D'Annunzio led 2,600 Italian irredentist troops against a mixed force of Allied soldiers tooccupy the city of Fiume (nowRijeka,Croatia) where he announced it had been annexed to theKingdom of Italy.^[54][55]
• TheDáil Éireann was declared illegal by the British authorities, leading to raids onSinn Féin centres and resulting in Irish nationalist leaderErnest Blythe being arrested.^[56]
• Firstgold fixing took place in London.
• Samuel Gompers, president of theAmerican Federation of Labor, called for an end to theBoston police strike on the basis the city would suspend judgement on whether the police force could form a union, which was accepted by the police.^[57]
• TheBabeș-Bolyai University was established inCluj-Napoca,Romania as one of the five elite universities in the country.^[58]
• TheWomen's Peace Society was established in theUnited States after several members of theWomen's International League for Peace and Freedom resigned in protest over "a fundamental lack of unity in the membership as a whole and in the executive committee".^[59][60]
• TheAcademia Mexicana de la Historia was established inMexico City to research and promote thehistory of Mexico.^[61]
• The filmCountry Maiden, directed and produced byJosé Nepomuceno, became the first domestic cinematic production to be released in thePhilippines.^[62]
• Adolf Hitler attends, for the very first time, a meeting of theGerman Workers' Party in Munich. The party will soon be renamed theNational Socialist German Workers' Party.^[63]
• Died:
  • Leonid Andreyev, 48, Russian writer, author of plays and fiction includingHe Who Gets Slapped andPoor Murderer (b.1871)^{[citation needed]}
  • Thomas Frederick Price, 59, American missionary, co-founder ofMaryknoll; died from a burst appendix (b.1860)^{[citation needed]}

• TheBoston police strike formally ended with most of the 1,100 striking police officers fired and replaced with more than 1,500 new officers from a pool ofWorld War I veterans, despite objections from theMayor of Boston andMassachusetts GovernorCalvin Coolidge.^[64]
• Amassive fire broke out at an oil refinery operated byStandard Oil inGreenpoint, Brooklyn,New York City. Over a thousand firefighters fought the blaze over the next three days, with 300 treated for burns and minor injuries. Total damages were estimated at $5,000,000 ($90,681,400 in 2024).^[65]
• TheRoyal Air Force disbanded squadronNo. 261 atFelixstowe,England.^[66]
• TheGeneral Confederation of Labour was established inPortugal.^[67]
• TheAustralian Imperial Force cricket tour wrapped inEngland against theMitcham Cricket Club, winning the match by five wickets. The Australians would tour next inSouth Africa.^[68]
• Born:
  • Milton Rubenfeld, American air force officer, co-founder of theIsraeli Air Force, father ofPaul Reubens; inPeekskill, New York,United States (d.2004)^{[citation needed]}
  • Olle Anderberg, Swedish wrestler, silver medalist at the1948 Summer Olympics and gold medalist at the1952 Summer Olympics; inAsmundtorp,Sweden (d.2003)^{[citation needed]}
  • George Weidenfeld, Austrian-born English publisher, co-founder ofWeidenfeld & Nicolson; as Arthur George Weidenfeld, inVienna,Austria (d.2016)^{[citation needed]}
  • Mary Midgley, English philosopher, promoter of animal rights and environmentalism, author ofBeat and Man; as Mary Scrutton, inLondon,England (d.2018)^{[citation needed]}

• Hurling teamSt. Finbarr's defeatedBlackrock 5–3 to 4–1 to win the32nd staging of theCork Premier Senior Hurling Championship, their fifth championship title overall.^[69]
• TheJoseph Marien Stadium opened inBrussels and would hostfootball for the1920 Summer Olympics.^[70]
• The football clubGonsenheim was established inMainz,Germany.^[71]
• Born:Gil Langley, Australian cricketer, batsman for theAustralia national cricket team from 1945 to 1956; as Gilbert Roche Andrews Langley, inNorth Adelaide,Australia (d.2001)^{[citation needed]}

• The Daily newspaper began publication inAthens.^[72]
• The football clubAlsenborn was established inEnkenbach-Alsenborn,Germany.^[73]
• Born:Fausto Coppi, Italian cyclist, five-time winner of theGiro d'Italia, two-time winner of theTour de France and1953 UCI World Champion; as Angelo Fausto Coppi, inCastellania Coppi,Kingdom of Italy (present-dayItaly) (d.1960)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Khai Kam, 54-55, Burmese revolutionary leader, led a rebellion against the British inChin Hills,Burma (now part ofThailand) (b.1864)^{[citation needed]}

• TheTurkish National Movement held a nine-daycongress inAlaşehir,Turkey to discuss further means to retain sovereignty fromGreece in theTurkish War of Independence.^[74]
• Sports clubEgersund was established inEgersund,Norway with programs infootball,handball and athletics.^[75]
• Born:
  • Andy Russell, American singer, known for Latin and adult contemporary hit including "What a Diff'rence a Day Makes" and "It's Such a Pretty World Today"; as Andrés Rábago, inLos Angeles, United States (d.1992)^{[citation needed]}
  • Bill Daley, American football player,linebacker for theMinnesota Golden Gophers football club andMichigan Wolverines football club in 1942 and 1943; inMelrose, Minnesota, United States (d.2015)^{[citation needed]}
  • Lawrence Dobkin, American television director, best known as the narrator for the 1960s television crime seriesNaked City; inNew York City, United States (d.2002)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Alfred Parland, 76, Russian architect, designer of many churches inMoscow includingChurch of the Savior on Blood (b.1842)^{[citation needed]}

• Russian Civil War – TheWhite Army captured the towns ofSumy,Oboyan, andStary Oskol in theiradvance on Moscow.^[76]
• TheAlabama House of Representatives rejected ratification of the19th Amendment with a vote of 60 against and 31 in favor. The state would not ratify the amendment until 1953.^[77][78][79]
• The firstGirls Amateur Golf Championship was held inStoke Park, Buckinghamshire,England with 16 golfers competing.^[80]

• TheNetherlands granted women the right to vote. The right to stand in election had previously been granted in 1917.^[81][82]
• TheUniversity of Ljubljana was established inLjubljana,Slovenia, and remains the oldest and largest university in the country.^[83]
• The film companyAB Svensk Filmindustri was founded inStockholm, and became the largest film studio inSweden.^[84]
• TheUfa-Palast am Zoo inBerlin reopened as a permanent cinema with the première ofErnst Lubitsch's filmMadame Dubarry.^[85][86] The film itself grossed $1 million to become fourth highest-grossing film of 1919.^[87]
• TheRomanian National Opera was established with the official opening of the newRomanian National Theatre inCluj-Napoca,Romania.^[88]
• The football clubBatatais was established inBatatais,Brazil.^[89]

• Compagnie des Messageries Aériennes (CMA) commenced a regular service betweenParis andLondon, using ex-militaryBréguet aircraft.^[90]
• The Banat Social Democratic Party was established inBanat,Romania, evolving into theBanat Socialist Party the following year.^[91]
• Born:
  • Josiah Zion Gumede, Zimbabwean state leader, firstPresident of Zimbabwe Rhodesia; inBubi District,Southern Rhodesia (present-dayZimbabwe) (d.1989)^{[citation needed]}
  • Ned Harkness, Canadian-American hockey coach, managed theRPI Engineers men's ice hockey andCornell Big Red men's ice hockey teams from 1949 and 1970, coach and administrator for theDetroit Red Wings from 1970 to 1974; as Nevin Donald Harkness, inOttawa,Canada (d.2008)^{[citation needed]}
  • Mike Holovak, American football player and coach,fullback for theBoston College Eagles football team in 1942, andLos Angeles Rams andChicago Bears from 1946 to 1948, coach for theBoston Patriots andNew York Jets from 1951 to 1976, general manager forHouston Oilers from 1989 to 1993; inLansford, Pennsylvania,United States (d.2008)^{[citation needed]}
  • Roy Marlin Voris, American naval air force officer, commander of theVFA-101 andVFA-2 squadrons duringWorld War II, founder of theBlue Angels demonstration squadron, three-time recipient ofDistinguished Flying Cross and elevenAir Medals; inLos Angeles, United States (d.2005)^{[citation needed]}

• Babe Ruth scored four runs for theBoston Red Sox against theWashington Senators inFenway Park, tying the single season record of 27 home runs set byNed Williamson in 1884. He broke record four days later against theNew York Yankees at thePolo Grounds and set a new season record of 29 with a homer against Senators again. The Red Sox, however, finished the season in sixth place.^[92][93]
• East Perth 10.8 (68) defeatedEast Fremantle 7.4 (46) to win their firstWest Australian Football League championship.^[94]
• Pro golferJim Barnes successfully defended histitle against challengerFred McLeod, defeating him 6 & 5 in thefinal PGA championship at theEngineers Country Club inRoslyn Harbor, New York.^[95]
• Arail station opened to serve theFrankston railway line inEdithvale, Victoria,Australia.^[96]
• The football clubCray Valley was established, playing their first game against Hamilton House and winning 7–0.^[97]
• Born:William Crumm, American air force officer, commander of the3rd Air Division during theVietnam War, two-time recipient of theLegion of Merit,Distinguished Flying Cross, fourAir Medals, and theBronze Star Medal; inNew York City,United States (d.1967, killed in an airplane crash)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:
  • Ramón Barros Luco, 84, Chilean state leader, 16thPresident of Chile (b.1835)^{[citation needed]}
  • J. W. Comer, 74, American industrialist, plantation and mine owner inBarbour County, Alabama, brother toB. B. Comer (b.1845)^{[citation needed]}
  • Cy Seymour, 46, American baseball player, outfielder and pitcher for theNew York Giants,Baltimore Orioles,Cincinnati Reds, andBoston Braves from 1896 to 1913; died oftuberculosis (b.1872)^{[citation needed]}

• Russian Civil War –White forces captured the city ofKursk,Russia.^[98]
• TheAmalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers attempted to organize in theUnited States steel industry by calling ageneral strike.^[99]
• Authorities inKaunas,Lithuania arrested and charged 117 people involved in anattempt to overthrow the government ofMykolas Sleževičius. The conspiracy had been backed by thePolish Military Organisation and support of theJózef Piłsudski government inPoland.^[100]
• Chicago White Soxfirst basemanChick Gandilconspired with seven other teammates atThe Ansonia hotel inNew York City to intentionally lose the upcomingWorld Series against theCincinnati Reds in exchange of gambling money from racketeerArnold Rothstein that in some cases was nine times the actual baseball club's salary.^[101]
• Hurling teamCork defeatedDublin 6–4 to 2–4 in front of the crowd of 14,300 spectators atCroke Park,Dublin to win the33rd staging of theAll-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship.^[102]
• TheBritish Symphony Orchestra made its public debut atRoyal Albert Hall inLondon.^[103]
• The football clubMačva Šabac was established inŠabac,Serbia.^[104]
• Born:
  • Fazlur Rahman Malik, Pakistani theologian, promoter ofliberalism and progressivism within Islam; inHazara District,British India (present-dayPakistan) (d.1988)^{[citation needed]}
  • Mario Bunge, Argentine-Canadian philosopher, developed concepts such associotechnology andsystemics; inBuenos Aires,Argentina (d.2020)^{[citation needed]}
  • Jonas M. Platt, American marine officer,assistant division commander of the3rd Marine Division during theVietnam War, recipient of theNavy Distinguished Service Medal,Legion of Merit,Silver Star, andBronze Star Medal; inNew York City,United States (d.2000)^{[citation needed]}
  • Jim McCairns, British air force officer, member of theNo. 56 andNo. 3 Squadrons as well as theSpecial Operations Executive duringWorld War II, recipient of theDistinguished Flying Cross,Military Medal, andCroix de Guerre; inNiagara Falls, New York, United States (d.1948, killed in a plane crash)^{[citation needed]}

• TheCommittee of 48 announced that a national conference on forming a third political party in theUnited States would be held inSt. Louis.^[105]
• The Swedish crime thriller filmSir Arne's Treasure, directed byMauritz Stiller and starringRichard Lund, went into wide release.^[106]
• TheAsociación Amateurs de Football was established inBuenos Aires as a dissident sports organization from theArgentine Football Association, until both merged in 1926.^[107]

• Sports clubBelenenses was established inLisbon, and became well known for its long-runningfootball program.^[108]
• The municipality ofNotre-Dame-du-Nord,Quebec was established.^[109]
• Born:Hyman Minsky, American economist, known for his research into the characteristics of thefinancial crisis; inChicago,United States (d.1996)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Seth Bullock, 70, Canadian-American law enforcer, sheriff ofDeadwood, South Dakota and builder of theBullock Hotel; died ofcolon cancer (b.1849)^{[citation needed]}

• TheRed Army of Turin, a paramilitary group set up to protect socialist groups, engaged in a firefight with police and soldiers inTurin after authorities fired on crowds attending a banned protect demonstration by the Socialist Party of Turin against Italian nationalists seizing the port city ofFiume inCroatia.^[110]
• An ItalianSavoia 13 became the only competing aircraft to complete the 1919Schneider Trophy race after poor weather grounded so many others, but it was disqualified for missing a turning buoy. When judges asked pilot Guido Janello to complete another lap, he ran out of fuel.^[111]
• The first meeting of theNational Catholic Welfare Council was held at theCatholic University of America inWashington, D.C., withEdward Joseph Hanna,Archbishop of San Francisco, elected as the first chair.^[112]
• Born:Spurgeon Neel, American army medical officer, first commander of theUnited States Army Health Services Command, best known for pioneeringmedical evacuation for battlefield casualties using aircraft, recipient of theDistinguished Service Medal,Legion of Merit, andBronze Star Medal; inMemphis, Tennessee,United States (d.2003)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Frank Laver, 49, Australian cricketer, batsman for theAustralia national cricket team from 1899 to 1909; died of acerebral hemorrhage (b.1869)^{[citation needed]}

• U.S. PresidentWoodrow Wilson delivered his lastpublic speech inPueblo, Colorado before he collapsed. He returned toWashington, D.C. to recover but would suffer a debilitating stroke days later that rendered him unable to make public appearances.^[113]
• The74th Aero Squadron of theUnited States Army Air Service was disbanded atLangley Field,Virginia.^[114]
• TheSocialist Workers Party was established inJaffa,Palestine, the precursor to thePalestine Communist Party.^[115]
• Moravian composerLeoš Janáček established theBrno Conservatory inBrno,Moravia (then part ofCzechoslovakia).^[116]
• The football clubReggiana was established inReggio Emilia,Italy.^[117]
• Born:Tom Carnegie, American sports broadcaster, longtime public announcer for theIndianapolis Motor Speedway from 1946 to 2006; as Carl Lee Kenagy, inNorwalk, Connecticut,United States (d.2011)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Charles Lang Freer, 65, American industrialist, founder of theAmerican Car and Foundry Company, amassed an art collection of over 5,000 pieces that were donated to theSmithsonian Institution (b.1854)^{[citation needed]}

• Russian Civil War – TheBlack Army under command ofNestor Makhnodefeated aWhite Russian force southeast ofUman,Ukraine, inflicting 4,000 casualties. The success began to provide needed relief for the besiegedBolsheviks inMoscow as more White troops had to be directed south to answer the Black Army threat.^[118]
• Thefifth cabinet of theIon I. C. Brătianu administration was dissolved inRomania and replaced by acabinet under theArtur Văitoianu administration.^[119]
• Born:Ezio Loik, Italian football player,midfielder forTorino and theItaly national football team from 1942 to 1949; in Fiume,Italian Regency of Carnaro (present-dayRijeka,Croatia) (d.1949, killed in theSuperga air disaster)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:Francis Bertie, 75, British diplomat,Ambassador to Italy from 1903 to 1905, andAmbassador to France from 1905 to 1918 (b.1844)^{[citation needed]}

• Russian Civil War – Faced with the possibility of losingMoscow to theWhite Army, theRed ArmySouthern Front was split in two and theSoutheastern Front was established. An underground party committee was set up within the Russian capital while the public face of the Soviet government began evacuating toVologda,Russia.^[120]
• TheAmherst Internment Camp, the largest POW camp inCanada duringWorld War I, was closed inAmherst, Nova Scotia.^[121]
• TheNational Union of Railwaymen called on all railway workers in theUnited Kingdom tostrike.^[122]
• The Swedish parliament decided to instate theeight-hour work day.^[123]
• TheOslo Philharmonic performed their first concert inOslo with Finnish musicianGeorg Schnéevoigt as conductor.
• Sturt andNorth Adelaide drew 5.9 (39) apiece in theSouth Australian Football LeagueGrand Final.^[124]
• Born:
  • Charles H. Percy, American politician, U.S Senator of Illinois from 1967 till 1985; inPensacola, Florida,United States (d.2011)^{[citation needed]}
  • Sandy Gunn, Scottish air force officer, member of theNo. 1 Photo Reconnaissance and escape team from the German POW campStalag Luft III; as Alastair Donald Mackintosh Gunn, inAuchterarder,Scotland (d.1944,executed)^{[citation needed]}
• Died:
  • Luisa Cappiani, 90, Austrian opera singer and educator, founding member of theAmerican Federation of Musicians andMusic Teachers National Association (b.1829)^{[citation needed]}
  • Gardner Dow, 21, American college football player for theConnecticut Aggies; died after sustaining a traumatic brain injury in a game (b.1898)^{[citation needed]}
  • Adelina Patti, 76, Italian opera singer, known for her opera recordings for theGramophone Company (b.1843)^{[citation needed]}

• Red Summer – A mob of 10,000 whites overran the police station and courthouse inOmaha, Nebraska andlynched black prisoner Will Brown, who was alleged to have raped a white woman despite conflicting evidence. The resulting violence lead to over $1 million in property damages. MayorEdward Parsons Smith was nearly killed from an attempted hanging; Smith had been at the courthouse and ventured out to try to reason with a crowd when a gunshot rang out that the crowd assumed had come from him. Federal troops under command ofLeonard Wood arrived and quelled the violence the following day. Despite over a hundred arrests, none of the white rioters were ever convicted.^[126]
• The majority of voters in areferendum inLuxembourg voted to retain the monarchy withGrand Duchess Charlotte as head of state and an economic union withFrance.^[127]
• TheUniversity of Latvia was established inRiga.^[128]
• Gaelic football teamKildare defeatedGalway 2–5 to 0–1 in front of the crowd of 32,000 spectators atCroke Park,Dublin to win the33rd staging of theAll-Ireland Senior Football Championship.^[129]
• Belgian cyclistLéon Devos won theninthLiège–Bastogne–Liège cycling race, completing the 237 km racing route in 9 hours, 20 minutes, 30 seconds.^[130]
• TheLithuanian Labour Federation was established as thenational trade union center ofLithuania.^[131]
• TheIndian Cane Growers Association was established inBa Province,Fiji.^[132]
• Born:
  • Nicholas Goodhart, British aviation engineer, designer of theoptical landing system used onaircraft carriers; as Hilary Charles Nicholas Goodhart, inInkpen,England (d.2011)^{[citation needed]}
  • Tom Harmon, American football player,halfback for theMichigan Wolverines football team in 1941 and theLos Angeles Rams from 1946 to 1947; inRensselaer, Indiana,United States (d.1990)^{[citation needed]}

• The Italian Parliament was dissolved following fights that erupted in the Chamber of Deputies during a debate about the annexation ofFiume. Elections were then called for November 16.^[133]
• TheUtah State Senate ratified the19th Amendment.^[134]
• Red Summer – A white moblynched two discharged African-American soldiers inMontgomery, Alabama following rumors they assaulted two white women in separate incidents.^[135]
• TheSociété Générale de Belgique ofBelgium established theBanque Générale inLuxembourg City, and remains the second largest employer inLuxembourg.^[136]
• TheGerman Ceramic Society was established inCologne.^[137]
• Born:Masao Takemoto, Japanese gymnast, silver and bronze medalist at the1952 and1956 Summer Olympics, and gold and silver medalist at the1960 Summer Olympics; inHamada, Shimane,Empire of Japan (present-dayJapan) (d.2007)^{[citation needed]}

• Red Summer – Spurned by rumors that an attempt to form a sharecroppers union inElaine, Arkansas was a cover for a "socialist" insurrection, a clash between whites and blacks outside a black church resulted in the shooting death of a white man.^[138] Hundreds of white men formed a militia and beganattacking rural black communities, resulting in 100 to 237 black deaths over two days before requested federal troops arrived to disarm the rioters. Because the white militia had claimed they were stopping a rebellion, federal troops arrested nearly 300 blacks and 122 were convicted in court, including 12 for murder. TheNAACP intervened and appealed the 12 convictions through theSupreme Court of the United States, whooverturned the convictions on the basis the mob-dominated trials deprived the defendants of due process.^[139]
• TheUtah House of Representatives followed the state senate and ratified the19th Amendment.^[140]
• The3rd Operation Group of theUnited States Army Air Service was established for service in thePanama Canal Zone.^[141]
• TheJohn Brown University officially opened for classes inSiloam Springs, Arkansas.^[142]
• The stage comedyThe Gold Diggers byAvery Hopwood premiered on Broadway withIna Claire in the lead role. The play was a hit with 720 performances and grossing $1.9 million. Many credit the play for popularizing the term "gold digger" to refer to women who seek wealthy men as marriage partners.^[143][144]
• Born:
  • Patricia Neway, American opera singer, best known for her collaboration withNew York City Opera; inNew York City,United States (d.2012)^{[citation needed]}
  • William L. Guy, American politician, 26thGovernor of North Dakota; inDevils Lake, North Dakota, United States (d.2013)^{[citation needed]}

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