| Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland | |
|---|---|
| Marszałek Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej | |
 Pommel of the Marshal's staff | |
 | |
| Presidum of the Sejm | |
| Style | His/Her Excellency/Mr./Ms Marshal |
| Appointer | TheSejm |
| Inaugural holder | Jan Sierakowski |
| Formation | 31 October 1548 |
| Succession | First |
| Deputy | Vice-Marshals |
| Website | Marshal of the Sejm |
TheMarshal of the Sejm (Polish:Marszałek Sejmu,pronounced[marˈʂawɛkˈsɛjmu]) is thespeaker (chair) of theSejm, thelower house of thePolish Parliament. The office traces its origins to the 15th century. In modern Poland, the full title is Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Marszałek Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej).[1]
ThePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth also had an office ofSejmik Marshal.
In theKingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, from 1861, the chairman of theProvincial Sejm of Galicia with its seat atLwów bore the titleMarszałek krajowy (Province Marshal). TheKingdom of Poland, from 1916 to 1918, used the titleMarszałek Rady Stanu (Marshal of the State Council).
In theSecond Polish Republic (1918–1939), thedeputies elected one of their number as Marshal of the Sejm for the duration of theSejm's term. Until 1935 (when superseded by theSenate Marshal), the Marshal or Chairman of the Sejm substituted for thePresident of Poland in the latter's absence or disability (Acting President of the Republic of Poland). Nowadays, it is again the Marshal of the Sejm who becomes the Acting President.
Today the Marshal of the Sejm is the chairman of the Presidium of the Sejm (Prezydium Sejmu) and the Convention of Seniors (Konwent Seniorów). The Marshal oversees the work of the Sejm, supervises procedural sessions of the Sejm, and convenes and chairs the proceedings of the Convention of Seniors and the Presidium of the Sejm. He (or she) appoints the Chief of the Chambers (of theSejm, and of theSenat), and since 1989 substitutes for thePresident of Poland in the event of that office's vacancy.[2]
Their deputy is theDeputy Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland. This would be an elected representative rather than a fixed individual.
| Election of theMarshal of the Sejm | |||
| Vote → | 13 November 2023 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Required majority → | 231 out of 460 | ||
| Szymon Hołownia (PL2050) | 265 / 460 |  Y | |
| Elżbieta Witek (PiS) | 193 / 460 |  N | |
| Against all | 1 / 460 | ||
| Absentees | 1 / 460 | ||