TheCampeonato Nacional de Liga de Segunda División,[a] commonly known asSegunda División, and officially known asLaLiga HyperMotion[b] for sponsorship reasons, is the men's second professionalassociation football division of theSpanish football league system. Administered byLiga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional, it is contested by 22 teams, with the top two teams plus the winner of aplay-offpromoted toLa Liga and replaced by the three lowest-placed teams in that division.
The Second Division National Championship was inaugurated concurrently with theFirst Division, during the 1928-29 season. This setup comprised twenty teams divided into two groups: A and B. Group A functioned as the secondary national level, where the leading team would contest promotion to the First Division and the bottom two faced relegation to the Third Division. Conversely, Group B represented the third tier, wherein two teams were promoted to the Second Division, while the remaining eight joined the newly formed Third Division in the subsequent season.
The structure and number of teams in the competition have evolved over time. In the 1934-35 season, the league was segmented into multiple groups. This format persisted until the 1968-69 season when it transitioned back to the singular group system that is in place today. From 1977 to 1984, when its management transitioned to the National Professional Football League, the tournament was referred to as Second Division A, after the introduction of the Second Division B as the third level in the national football hierarchy.
During the 2019-20 season, a global outbreak ofsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 emerged,[1] which had originated in Asia and spread to Europe.[2][3] As the virus rapidly spread across the continent, leading to rising infections and fatalities, sports entities began implementing preventative measures. In Spain, to mitigate the spread, only one match was held behind closed doors, without spectators,[4] yet the concern and rate of infections did not diminish, with several players and club executives testing positive. In light of the escalating situation,La Liga opted to halt all competitions temporarily,[5] following a precedent set byUEFA, which had suspended both theUEFA Champions League and theUEFA Europa League.[6][7] In a similar vein, Italy'sCONI andFIGC put theSerie A on hold due to the same health concerns.[8] After a period of lockdown which saw a decrease in the spread of the virus, the government allowed sporting competitions to recommence,[9] culminating on July 20 as the remaining games were played, mirroring events in the First Division. Nonetheless, on the final matchday, multiple players fromClub de Fútbol Fuenlabrada, S.A.D. were diagnosed with the virus. Consequently, their pivotal game againstReal Club Deportivo de La Coruña, which was of great importance to the league standings, was delayed. This disruption impacted several clubs and the ensuing promotion playoffs.[10]
The 2006-07 and 2007-08 seasons marked the first instances when the championship adopted a commercial designation, being named "LigaBBVA" following a sponsorship agreement between the National Professional Football League and thebank of the same title.[11] From the 2008-09 through to the 2015-16 seasons, the division was rebranded as "Liga Adelante" as the bank transitioned to sponsor the First Division.[12] In the 2016-17 season,Banco Santander emerged as the primary sponsor, prompting the names "LaLiga 1|2|3" (with an enlarged "2" thus taking on the "LaLiga 2" moniker unsponsored). From the 2019-20 season onward, it became "LaLiga SmartBank". During the 2023-24 season, the new sponsor was introduced asEA Sports, resulting in the title "LaLiga Hypermotion".[13][14]
In the 2011-12 season, Deportivo de La Coruña set a new record by amassing 91 points, leading them to clinch the championship.[15][16] The subsequent season, 2012–13, witnessed Elche as the first team to maintain the top position throughout all 42 matchdays.[17][18]
The league contains 22 teams that play each other home and away for a 42-match season. Each year three teams are promoted to La Liga. The top two teams earn an automatic promotion. The third team to be promoted is the winner of a play-off between the teams that finished 3rd to 6th (reserve teams are not eligible for promotion). The play-offs comprise two-legged semi-finals followed by a two-legged final. The bottom four are relegated toPrimera Federación.[19]
Clubs inbold are competing in Segunda División as of the2024–25 season. Clubs initalics no longer exist. Seasons initallcs mean shared titles due to regionalisation (1949–1968).
^Stylized in all caps. "HyperMotion" here refers to theHyperMotion Technology used in theEA Sports FC (formerlyFIFA) video game series since2021. Since 2023, an outlined "V" is incorporated in the logo, referring to the newly-revampedHyperMotion V iteration used since2023.