Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Second lieutenant

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Junior commissioned officer military rank

This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Second lieutenant" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Comparative military ranks
Armies,
air forces
(non-Commonwealth)		Navies,
coast guards		Air forces
(Commonwealth system)
General officers,Flag officers,Air officers
Marshal or
field marshal		Admiral of the fleetMarshal of the air force
General or
colonel general or
army general		AdmiralAir chief marshal
Lieutenant general or
army corps general		Vice admiralAir marshal
Major general or
divisional general		Rear admiral or
counter admiral		Air vice-marshal
Brigadier or
brigadier general		Commodore or
flotilla admiral		Air commodore
Senior officers
Colonel(Ship-of-the-line)
Captain		Group captain
Lieutenant colonelCommander or
frigate captain		Wing commander
Major or
commandant		Lieutenant
commander orcorvette captain		Squadron leader
Junior officers
CaptainLieutenantFlight lieutenant
First lieutenant or
lieutenant		Lieutenant
junior grade or
sub-lieutenant		Flying officer
Second lieutenant or
junior lieutenant		Ensign or
midshipman		Pilot officer
Senior NCOs
Warrant officer or
sergeant major		Warrant officer or
chief petty officer		Warrant officer
Junior NCOs
SergeantPetty officerSergeant
Corporal or
bombardier		Leading seamanCorporal
Enlisted ranks
Lance corporal or
Lance bombardier or
specialist		Able seamanLeading aircraftman or
Air specialist
Private or
gunner or
trooper or
Sepoy or
sapper		SeamanAircraftman or
airman or
aviator

Second lieutenant is a juniorcommissioned officermilitary rank in manyarmed forces.[1] The lowest officer rank, it is usually placed belowlieutenant orfirst lieutenant.

Australia

[edit]

The rank of second lieutenant existed in themilitary forces of the Australian colonies andAustralian Army until 1986.

In the colonial forces, which closely followed the practices of the British military, the rank of second lieutenant began to replace ranks such asensign andcornet from 1871.

New appointments to the rank of second lieutenant ceased in the regular army in 1986.[2] Immediately prior to this change, the rank had been effectively reserved for new graduates from theOfficer Cadet School, Portsea which closed in 1985. (Graduates of theAustralian Defence Force Academy (ADFA) and theRoyal Military College, Duntroon (RMC-D) are commissioned aslieutenants.).[3][4] The rank of second lieutenant is only appointed to officers in special appointments such as training institutions, university regiments and while under probation during training. Trainees undertaking Special Service Officer (SSO) training are appointed at their officer rank prior to undertaking the training (usually as lieutenants or captains). This is different to General Service Officer (GSO) trainees who start off at the rank of officer cadet (ADFA/Australian Army Reserve officer trainees) or staff cadet (Royal Military College, Duntroon).[5]

Ranks equivalent to second lieutenant are acting sub-lieutenant in theRoyal Australian Navy andpilot officer in theRoyal Australian Air Force.

Canada

[edit]

TheCanadian Forces adopted the rank with insignia of a single gold ring around the service dress uniform cuff for both army and air personnel upon unification in 1968 until the late 2000s.[6][7] For a time, naval personnel used this rank but reverted to the Royal Canadian Navy rank ofacting sub-lieutenant, though the CF green uniform was retained until the mid-1980s. Currently, theCanadian Army insignia for second lieutenant is apip and theRoyal Canadian Air Force insignia for lieutenant is one thick braid. The equivalent rank for theRoyal Canadian Navy isacting sub-lieutenant. Also known as an Ensign in the Foot Guards units (Canadian Grenadier Guards &Governor General's Foot Guards).

France

[edit]

Sous-lieutenant is the most junior commissioned rank in the modern French Army, Airforce andGendarmerie. It dates historically from the late XVIth Century in the reign ofHenry II of France. In 1674 this designation replaced that of ensign in the French infantry. By 1791 there were twosous-lieutenants in each company. After 1781 entry to this rank and beyond required four quartering of nobility - that is for all four grandparents to be recognised members of the aristocracy. The French Revolution substituted election by popular vote and later, under Napoleon, by graduation from officers' military schools or after four years of service as asous-officer (NCO).

Until World War Isous-lieutenants were distinguished by a single gold fringedepaulette worn on the right shoulder (silver for cavalry).[8] Modern rank insignia is reduced to a single braid stripe on each shoulder strap and (when worn)kepi.[9]

Indonesia

[edit]
Main article:Indonesian military ranks

InIndonesia, "second lieutenant" is known asletnan dua (letda) which is the most junior ranked officer in theIndonesian Military. Officers in the Indonesian National Armed Forces are commissioned through one of four major commissioning programs. Upon graduation the candidates are promoted to the rank of second lieutenant, thus becomingcommissioned officers. The four programs are:

  • National Armed Forces Academy (Akademi TNI): a four-year undergraduate program that emphasizes instruction in the arts, sciences, and professions, preparing men and women to take on the challenge of being officers in the armed forces (Army:Military Academy, Navy:Naval Academy, Air Force:Air Force Academy);
  • Officer Candidate School: a 28-week program that is attended by seniorNCOs orwarrant officers from all services;
  • Career Officer Program for college graduates: a 7–8 month program that is designed to recruit civilian professionals (e.g., doctors, dentists, pharmacists, psychologists) into the armed forces;
  • Pilot Short Service School: a 34-month program to train pilots to serve in the armed forces.

New Zealand

[edit]

Like many other Commonwealth countries, the rank structures of theNew Zealand Defence Force usually follow British traditions. Hence theNew Zealand Army maintains a rank of second lieutenant and theRoyal New Zealand Air Force has its exact equivalent,pilot officer.

However, theRoyal New Zealand Navy breaks with British tradition and uses the nameensign for its most junior commissioned officer rank (rather than the usual equivalents, such as acting sub-lieutenant or second lieutenant).

United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries (excepting Australia, Bangladesh, and Canada)

[edit]

The rank of second lieutenant (2Lt) was introduced throughout theBritish Army in 1877 to replace the short-lived rank ofsub-lieutenant, although it had long been used in theRoyal Artillery,Royal Engineers,Fusilier andRifleregiments. At first the rank bore no distinct insignia. The rank was abolished in 1881 but reintroduced in 1887.[10] In 1902, a singleBath star was introduced; the ranks oflieutenant andcaptain had their number of stars increased by one to (respectively) two and three. The rank is also used by theRoyal Marines.

New British Army officers are normally commissioned as second lieutenants at the end of their commissioning course atRMA Sandhurst where they hold the rank ofOfficer Cadet, and continue with specific training with their units. Progression to lieutenant rank usually occurs after about a year. In the British armed forces,second lieutenant is a rank which is not used as a form of address. Instead a second lieutenant named, for example,Smith is addressed and referred to asMr Smith, with the exception that the alternative titlesensign (Foot Guards) andcornet (in theBlues and Royals[11] andQueen's Royal Hussars[12]) are still used.In theRoyal Air Force, the comparable rank ispilot officer. The equivalent in theRoyal Navy isSub-lieutenant.

United States

[edit]
Second Lieutenant
2nd Lieutenant Rank Pin Insignia
2nd Lieutenant Shoulder straps Army, Marines, Air Force, Space Force
CountryUnited States
Service branch United States Army
 United States Marine Corps
 United States Air Force
 United States Space Force
Abbreviation2LT (USA) 2ndLt (USMC)
2d Lt (USAF) 2d Lt (USSF)
Rank groupCompany Grade Officer
NATOrank codeOF-1
Pay gradeO-1
Next higher rankFirst lieutenant
Equivalent ranksEnsign

In theUnited States, second lieutenant is the normal entry-level rank for mostcommissioned officers in theArmy,Marine Corps,Air Force, andSpace Force. It is equivalent to the rank ofensign in theNavy,Coast Guard,Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, andNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps.

In the Army and Marine Corps, a second lieutenant typically is aplatoon leader who leads aplatoon-size element, usually consisting of 16 to 44 soldiers or marines.[13] A rifle platoon is composed of severalsquads with each squad led by a non-commissioned officer assquad leader. The second lieutenant is usually assisted by aplatoon sergeant who advises and supports the platoon's commanding officer in leading the unit.

In the Army, the rank bore noinsignia until December 1917, when a gold-colored bar similar to the silver-colored bar of afirst lieutenant was introduced.[14] In U.S.military slang, the rank is sometimes called "butterbar" or "brown bar" in reference to the insignia,[15] while "shavetail"—a reference to anunbroken mule—is a derisive nickname.[16]

Bangladesh

[edit]

The rank of second lieutenant has existed in theBangladesh Army since theLiberation War. It is a rank belowlieutenant and a rank abovemaster warrant officer. In the Army, a second lieutenant serves as the administrative officer or staff officer in a unit.[17] In the Navy, the rank of second lieutenant does not exist, its equivalent issub-lieutenant.[18]

Gallery

[edit]

Army

[edit]

Marines

[edit]

Navy

[edit]

Air Force

[edit]

Space Force

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Second lieutenant".merriam-webstar. Retrieved1 October 2024.
  2. ^"Archived copy"(PDF).Archived(PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved17 February 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^"Commissioned Officer Ranks". Australian Army. Archived fromthe original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved18 August 2016.
  4. ^"General Service Officer".Defence Jobs. Defence Force Recruiting. Archived fromthe original on 27 August 2016. Retrieved18 August 2016.
  5. ^"Commissioned Officer Ranks | Australian Army". Archived fromthe original on 15 January 2019. Retrieved15 January 2019.
  6. ^Navy marks centennial by reinstating 'executive curl'"Navy marks centennial by reinstating 'executive curl' | CTV News". 2 May 2010. Archived fromthe original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved26 October 2014.
  7. ^Canadian Army goes back to the future with return to British-style ranks and designations"Canadian Army goes back to the future with return to British-style ranks and designations".Toronto Star. 8 July 2013.Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved11 September 2017.
  8. ^Jouineau, Andre (2008).Officers and Soldiers of the French Army 1914. Amber Books Limited. p. 11.ISBN 978-2-35250-104-6.
  9. ^Gaujac, Paul (2012).Officiers et Soldats de L'Armee Francis 1943-1956. Histoire & Collections. p. 16.ISBN 978-2-35250-195-4.
  10. ^Roper, Michael (1998).The Records of the War Office and Related Departments, 1660-1964. Public Record Office. p. 271.ISBN 978-1-873162-45-3.
  11. ^"The Household Cavalry Command Structure - Forms of Address".householdcavalry.info. Enasec Ltd.Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved18 November 2016.In The Blues And Royals, the most junior Officer rank (equivalent to 2nd Lieutenant) is known as "Cornet".
  12. ^"The Armed Forces".
  13. ^"Marine Corps Ranks | Marines".United States Marine Corps | Marine Recruiting | Marines. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2025. Retrieved13 August 2025.
  14. ^"U.S. Army Officer Grade Insignia: Second Lieutenant (2LT) O1".United States Army Institute of Heraldry. Retrieved17 May 2025.Second lieutenants continued to have no insignia until a gold bar was adopted in December 1917.
  15. ^Dalzell, Tom (2009).The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English. Taylor & Francis. p. 154.ISBN 978-0-415-37182-7.
  16. ^Dickson, Paul (2000).War Slang: American Fighting Words and Phrases from the Civil War to the War in Iraq (2 ed.). New York: Bristol Park. p. 32.ISBN 978-0-88486-407-3. Retrieved17 May 2025.
  17. ^"Ranks & Insignia".Bangladesh Army.
  18. ^"Rank & Insignia".Bangladesh Navy.
  19. ^Antigua & Barbuda Defence Force."Paratus"(PDF). Regional Publications Ltd. pp. 12–13. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 7 June 2022. Retrieved2 March 2020.
  20. ^"Badges of rank"(PDF).defence.gov.au. Department of Defence (Australia). Retrieved31 May 2021.
  21. ^"Ranks & insignia".joinbangladesharmy.army.mil.bd. Retrieved11 October 2020.
  22. ^"Barbados Defence Force Medal Ceremony".YouTube.Barbados Defence Force. 18 July 2019. Retrieved29 October 2022.
  23. ^ab"Ranks". Government of Botswana. Archived fromthe original on 26 August 2016. Retrieved22 September 2016.
  24. ^"Postos e Graduações - Exército".eb.mil.br (in Portuguese). Brazilian Army. Archived fromthe original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved7 May 2021.
  25. ^ab"Ranks and appointment".canada.ca. Government of Canada. 23 November 2017. Retrieved28 May 2021.
  26. ^"Hærens Gradstegn"(PDF).forsvaret.dk (in Danish).Danish Defence. October 2021. Retrieved22 August 2023.
  27. ^ab"Insignias".mide.gob.do (in Spanish). Ministry of Defense (Dominican Republic). Archived fromthe original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved28 May 2021.
  28. ^Merrill, Tim (1993).Guyana and Belize: country studies. Library of Congress. p. 138.LCCN 93010956. Retrieved3 June 2021.
  29. ^abc"Pangkat Harian".tni.mil.id (in Indonesian). Indonesian National Armed Forces. Archived fromthe original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved4 June 2021.
  30. ^"Army Rank Markings".military.ie. Defence Forces (Ireland). Archived fromthe original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved26 May 2021.
  31. ^"BADGES OF RANK".Official Jamaica Defence Force Website. 2019. Archived fromthe original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved16 November 2019.
  32. ^"KDF Ranks".mod.go.ke. Ministry of Defence - Kenya. Retrieved9 December 2022.
  33. ^"Ranks in the Army". Lesotho Defence Force. Retrieved5 May 2021.
  34. ^ab"Defense Act of 2008"(PDF). 3 September 2008. p. 8. Retrieved20 November 2017.
  35. ^"Commissioned Officers".Malawi Defence Force. Archived fromthe original on 13 April 2025. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  36. ^ab"Rank Insignia".afm.gov.mt. Armed Forces of Malta. Retrieved26 May 2021.
  37. ^"Government Notice"(PDF).Government Gazette of the Republic of Namibia. Vol. 4547. 20 August 2010. pp. 99–102. Retrieved20 December 2021.
  38. ^abc"De rangonderscheidingstekens van de krijgsmacht"(PDF) (in Dutch). Ministry of Defence (Netherlands). 19 December 2016. Retrieved18 March 2021.
  39. ^"Badges of Rank"(PDF).nzdf.mil.nz. New Zealand Defence Force. Retrieved28 July 2022.
  40. ^Smaldone, Joseph P. (1992). "National Security". InMetz, Helen Chapin (ed.).Nigeria: a country study. Area Handbook (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. pp. 296–297.LCCN 92009026. Retrieved21 October 2021.
  41. ^"Pakistan Army Ranks with Salary and Insignia".pakistanforces.com. 26 January 2021. Retrieved27 May 2021.
  42. ^ab"RDF Insignia".mod.gov.rw. Government of the Republic of Rwanda. Retrieved12 June 2021.
  43. ^SAINT CHRISTOPHER AND NEVIS DEFENCE FORCE ACT. Government of Saint Kitts and Nevis. 31 December 2009. pp. 110–111.
  44. ^abc"Rank structure".spdf.sc. Seychelles People's Defence Forces. Retrieved4 June 2021.
  45. ^abc"SAF Rank Insignias".mindef.gov.sg. Ministry of Defence (Singapore). Retrieved7 June 2021.
  46. ^"Uniform: Rank insignia".army.mil.za. Department of Defence (South Africa). Archived fromthe original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved29 May 2021.
  47. ^"Dress Regulation PDF - Part I"(PDF).army.lk. Sri Lanka Army. January 2019. pp. 10-4 –10-11. Retrieved20 May 2021.
  48. ^Dyer, Gwynne (1979)."Surinam". In Keegan, John (ed.).World armies. Sandhurst:Royal Military Academy. p. 663.LCCN 79-9217. Retrieved9 March 2022.
  49. ^"Rank Chart (Commissioned Officers)".69.0.195.188. Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force. Retrieved27 May 2021.[permanent dead link]
  50. ^"Uganda Peoples' Defence Forces Act"(PDF).The Uganda Gazette.CXII (46). Uganda Printing and Publishing Corporation:1851–1854. 18 September 2019. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 14 August 2021. Retrieved29 May 2021.
  51. ^"Rank structure".army.mod.uk. British Army. Retrieved27 May 2021.
  52. ^"U.S. Army Ranks".army.mil. United States Army. Retrieved27 May 2021.
  53. ^abHudson, Rex A.; Meditz, Sandra W., eds. (1992). "Chapter 5. National Security".Uruguay: A Country Study(PDF) (2nd ed.). Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. pp. 222–223.ISBN 0-8444-0737-2. Retrieved13 June 2021.
  54. ^Ehrenreich, Frederick (1983). "National Security". In Nelson, Harold D. (ed.).Zimbabwe: a Country Study. Area Handbook (3rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. p. 267.ISBN 978-0-16-001598-4.LCCN 83-11946. Retrieved5 July 2022.
  55. ^"ރޭންކް ސްޓްރަކްޗަރ".mndf.gov.mv (in Divehi). Maldives National Defence Force. Archived fromthe original on 29 February 2020. Retrieved2 June 2021.
  56. ^"Ranks".marines.mil. U.S. Marine Corps. Retrieved13 June 2021.
  57. ^"Postos e Graduações".marinha.mil.br (in Portuguese). Brazilian Navy. 11 July 2017. Retrieved7 May 2021.
  58. ^"Grados Militares".ccffaa.mil.pe (in Spanish). Joint Command of the Armed Forces of Peru. Retrieved29 May 2021.
  59. ^"Os Postos".marinha.pt (in Portuguese). Retrieved26 February 2021.
  60. ^"Postos e Graduações".fab.mil.br (in Portuguese). Brazilian Air Force. Retrieved7 May 2021.
  61. ^"Flyvevåbnets Gradstegn"(PDF).forsvaret.dk (in Danish). Danish Defence. 2021. Retrieved26 May 2021.
  62. ^"Air Corps Rank Markings".military.ie. Defence Forces (Ireland). Archived fromthe original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved26 May 2021.
  63. ^"Ranks".paf.mil.ph. Philippine Air Force. Archived fromthe original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved27 May 2021.
  64. ^"Rank Insignia".af.mil.za. Department of Defence (South Africa). Archived fromthe original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved29 May 2021.
  65. ^"Air Force Instruction 36-2903"(PDF). Department of the Air Force. 25 June 2021. p. 108. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 14 August 2021. Retrieved14 August 2021.
United States uniformed servicescommissioned officer andofficer candidate ranks
Pay grade / branch of serviceOfficer
candidate		O-1O-2O-3O-4O-5O-6O-7O-8O-9O-10Wartime
grade		Special
grade
Insignia[1]alt=alt=Second lieutenant / Ensignalt=alt=First lieutenant / Lieutenant (junior grade)alt=alt=alt=Captain / Lieutenantalt=alt=Major / Lieutenant commanderalt=alt=Lieutenant colonel / Commanderalt=alt=Colonel / Captainalt=alt=Brigadier general / Rear admiral (lower half)alt=alt=Major General / Rear admiralalt=alt=Lieutenant general / Vice admiralalt=alt=General / Admiralalt=alt=General of the Air Force / General of the Army / Fleet Admiral[2]
ArmyCDT /OC2LT1LTCPTMAJLTCCOLBGMGLTGGENGA[3]GAS[2]
Marine CorpsMidn /Cand2ndLt1stLtCaptMajLtColColBGenMajGenLtGenGen[5][5]
NavyMIDN /OCENSLTJGLTLCDRCDRCAPTRDMLRADMVADMADMFADM[3][5]
Air ForceCdt /OT2d Lt1st LtCaptMajLt ColColBrig GenMaj GenLt GenGenGAF[3][5]
Space ForceCdt /OT2d Lt1st LtCaptMajLt ColColBrig GenMaj GenLt GenGen[5][5]
Coast GuardCDT /OCENSLTJGLTLCDRCDRCAPTRDMLRADMVADMADM[5][5]
PHS CorpsOCENSLTJGLTLCDRCDRCAPTRDMLRADMVADMADM[5][5]
NOAA CorpsOCENSLTJGLTLCDRCDRCAPTRDMLRADMVADM[4][5][5]
[1] No universal insignia for officer candidate rank
[2] No official insignia and not currently listed by the Army as an obtainable rank.John J. Pershing's GAS insignia:General of the Armies (collar)General of the Armies (epaulettes)
[3] These ranks are reserved for wartime use only, and are still listed as ranks within their respective services
[4] Grade is authorized by theU.S. Code for use but has not been created
[5] Grade has never been created or authorized
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second_lieutenant&oldid=1318642927"
Categories:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp