Movatterモバイル変換

Scytovirin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Scytovirin
Identifiers
Organism	Scytonema varium (Cyanobacterium)
Symbol	SVR

Scytovirin is a 95-amino acid antiviralprotein isolated from thecyanobacteriaScytonema varium.^[1] It has been cultured inE. coli and its structure investigated in detail.^[2]^[3]^[4] Scytovirin is thought to be produced by the bacteria to protect itself from viruses that might otherwise attack it, but as it has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against a range of enveloped viruses, scytovirin has also been found to be useful against a range of major human pathogens, most notablyHIV / AIDS but also includingSARS coronavirus andfiloviruses such asEbola virus andMarburg virus.^[5]^[6]^[7] While some lectins such ascyanovirin andUrtica dioicaagglutinin are thought likely to be tooallergenic to be used internally in humans, studies so far on scytovirin and griffithsin have not shown a similar level of immunogenicity.^[8] Scytovirin and griffithsin are currently being investigated as potentialmicrobicides for topical use.^[9]

References

[edit]

^Bokesch HR, O'Keefe BR, McKee TC, Pannell LK, Patterson GM, Gardella RS, Sowder RC, Turpin J, Watson K, Buckheit RW, Boyd MR (March 2003). "A potent novel anti-HIV protein from the cultured cyanobacterium Scytonema varium".Biochemistry.42 (9):2578–84.doi:10.1021/bi0205698.PMID 12614152.
^Xiong C, O'Keefe BR, Botos I, Wlodawer A, McMahon JB (April 2006). "Overexpression and purification of scytovirin, a potent, novel anti-HIV protein from the cultured cyanobacterium Scytonema varium".Protein Expression and Purification.46 (2):233–9.doi:10.1016/j.pep.2005.09.019.PMID 16289703.
^McFeeters RL, Xiong C, O'Keefe BR, Bokesch HR, McMahon JB, Ratner DM, Castelli R, Seeberger PH, Byrd RA (June 2007)."The novel fold of scytovirin reveals a new twist for antiviral entry inhibitors".Journal of Molecular Biology.369 (2):451–61.doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.03.030.PMC 2696897.PMID 17434526.
^Moulaei T, Stuchlik O, Reed M, Yuan W, Pohl J, Lu W, Haugh-Krumpe L, O'Keefe BR, Wlodawer A (September 2010)."Topology of the disulfide bonds in the antiviral lectin scytovirin".Protein Science.19 (9):1649–61.doi:10.1002/pro.445.PMC 2975129.PMID 20572021.
^Ziółkowska NE, Wlodawer A (2006)."Structural studies of algal lectins with anti-HIV activity".Acta Biochimica Polonica.53 (4):617–26.doi:10.18388/abp.2006_3290.PMID 17128290.
^Li Y, Zhang X, Chen G, Wei D, Chen F (2008). "Algal lectins for potential prevention of HIV transmission".Current Medicinal Chemistry.15 (11):1096–104.doi:10.2174/092986708784221421.PMID 18473805.
^Garrison AR, Giomarelli BG, Lear-Rooney CM, Saucedo CJ, Yellayi S, Krumpe LR, Rose M, Paragas J, Bray M, Olinger GG, McMahon JB, Huggins J, O'Keefe BR (December 2014)."The cyanobacterial lectin scytovirin displays potent in vitro and in vivo activity against Zaire Ebola virus".Antiviral Research.112:1–7.doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.09.012.PMC 4258435.PMID 25265598.
^Barton C, Kouokam JC, Lasnik AB, Foreman O, Cambon A, Brock G, Montefiori DC, Vojdani F, McCormick AA, O'Keefe BR, Palmer KE (2014)."Activity of and effect of subcutaneous treatment with the broad-spectrum antiviral lectin griffithsin in two laboratory rodent models".Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.58 (1):120–7.doi:10.1128/AAC.01407-13.PMC 3910741.PMID 24145548.
^Huskens D, Schols D (July 2012)."Algal lectins as potential HIV microbicide candidates".Marine Drugs.10 (7):1476–97.doi:10.3390/md10071476.PMC 3407925.PMID 22851920.

Antiviral drugs:antiretroviral drugs used againstHIV (primarilyJ05)

Capsid inhibitors

Lenacapavir (LEN)

Entry/fusion inhibitors
(Discovery and development)

gp41 (Enfuvirtide (ENF, T-20))^◊
CCR5 (Maraviroc (MVC)
Vicriviroc^†,Cenicriviroc^†,Leronlimab^†)
CD4 (Ibalizumab (IBA),Semzuvolimab^§)
gp120 (Fostemsavir (FTR))

Integrase inhibitors
(Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI))

Maturation inhibitors

Protease Inhibitors (PI)
(Discovery and development)

1^st generation	Amprenavir (APV)^‡ Fosamprenavir (FPV) Indinavir (IDV)^◊ Lopinavir (LPV) Nelfinavir (NFV)^◊ Ritonavir (RTV)^# Saquinavir (SQV)^◊
2^nd generation	Atazanavir (ATV)°^# Darunavir (DRV)°^# Tipranavir (TPV)^◊ TMC-310911^§

Reverse-transcriptase
inhibitors (RTIs)

Nucleoside and
nucleotide (NRTI)

Nucleoside analogues/NRTIs:Abacavir (ABC)^#
Didanosine (ddI)^◊
Emtricitabine (FTC)
Lamivudine (3TC)^#
Stavudine (d4T)^◊
Zalcitabine (ddC)^‡
Zidovudine (AZT, ZDV)^#
Amdoxovir^†
Apricitabine^†
Censavudine^†
Elvucitabine^†
Islatravir (EFdA, ISL)^§
Racivir^†
Stampidine^†

Non-nucleoside (NNRTI)
(Discovery and development)

1^st generation	Efavirenz (EFV)^# Nevirapine (NVP)^# Delavirdine (DLV)^‡
2^nd generation	diarylpyrimidines Dapivirine (DPV) Etravirine (ETR) Rilpivirine (RPV) Doravirine (DOR) Elsulfavirine (ESV)

Combined formulations

Pharmacokinetic boosters

Experimental agents

Uncoating inhibitors	TRIM5alpha (gene)
Transcription inhibitors	Tat antagonists
Translation inhibitors	Trichosanthin
BNAbs	Elipovimab
Other	Abzyme BIT225^† Calanolide A Ceragenin Cyanovirin-N Diarylpyrimidines Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) Foscarnet Fosdevirine^† Griffithsin Hydroxycarbamide KP-1461^† Miltefosine Portmanteau inhibitors Scytovirin Seliciclib^† Synergistic enhancers Tre recombinase Zinc finger protein transcription factor
Failed agents	Aplaviroc Atevirdine Brecanavir Capravirine Dexelvucitabine Droxinavir Lasinavir Emivirine Lersivirine Lodenosine Loviride Mozenavir Palinavir Telinavir

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

°DHHSrecommendedinitial regimen options.^◊Formerly or rarely used agent.

Thisbiochemistry article is astub. You can help Wikipedia byexpanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scytovirin&oldid=1136096919"

Categories:

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭