Scutellaria is a genus offlowering plants in themint family,Lamiaceae. They are known commonly asskullcaps.[2] The generic name is derived from theLatinscutella, meaning "a small dish, tray or platter",[3] or "little dish",[4] referring to the shape of thecalyx.[4] The common name alludes to the resemblance of the same structure to "miniaturemedieval helmets".[4] The genus has asubcosmopolitan distribution,[5] with species occurring nearly worldwide, mainly intemperate regions.[6]
Most Scutellaria areannual orperennialherbaceous plants from 5 to 100 cm (2 to 39 in) tall, however a few aresubshrubs. Some Scutellaria areaquatic. Scutellaria have four-angled stems and oppositeleaves, and flowers with upper and lower lips. The genus is most easily recognized by the typical shield on the calyx that has also prompted its common name.
In 1773,Scutellaria lateriflora became a common treatment in North America for the hysteria and hydrophobia caused byrabies.[10] Today it is still a popular medicinal herb.[11] It is widely available as a commercial product used in western herbalism.[12] The plant reportedly commands prices of $16 to $64 per pound dry weight.[13]
^abcdJoshee N, Patrick TS, Mentreddy RS, Yadav AK (2002)."Skullcap: Potential medicinal crop". In Janick J, Whipkey A (eds.).Trends in New Crops and New Uses. Alexandria, Virginia: ASHS Press. pp. 580–6.
^abUlloa, C. U. and P. M. Jørgensen.Scutellaria.Árboles y arbustos de los Andes del Ecuador. eFloras.
^abShang X, He X, He X, Li M, Zhang R, Fan P, Zhang Q, Jia Z (2010). "The genusScutellaria an ethnopharmacological and phytochemical review".Journal of Ethnopharmacology.128 (2):279–313.doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.01.006.PMID20064593.
^Cole I, Cao J, Alan A, Saxena P, Murch S (2008). "Comparisons ofScutellaria baicalensis,Scutellaria lateriflora andScutellaria racemosa: Genome Size, Antioxidant Potential and Phytochemistry".Planta Medica.74 (4):474–81.doi:10.1055/s-2008-1034358.PMID18484546.S2CID31127513.
^Li J, Wang YH, Smillie TJ, Khan IA (2012). "Identification of phenolic compounds fromScutellaria lateriflora by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet photodiode array and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry".Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis.63:120–7.doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2012.01.027.PMID22342658.
^Lim BO (2003). "Effects of wogonin, wogonoside, and 3,5,7,2′,6′-pentahydroxyflavone on chemical mediator production in peritoneal exduate cells and immunoglobulin E of rat mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes".Journal of Ethnopharmacology.84 (1):23–9.doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00257-X.PMID12499072.
^Awad R, Arnason JT, Trudeau V, Bergeron C, Budzinski JW, Foster BC, Merali Z (2003). "Phytochemical and biological analysis of skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.): a medicinal plant with anxiolytic properties".Phytomedicine.10 (8):640–9.doi:10.1078/0944-7113-00374.PMID14692724.
^Hsu TW, Kuo CC, Tsai CC, Chiang YC (2009). "Isolation and characterization of 16 microsatellite markers from a rare and endemic species,Scutellaria austrotaiwanensis (Lamiaceae)".Conservation Genetics Resources.1 (1):85–8.Bibcode:2009ConGR...1...85H.doi:10.1007/s12686-009-9020-0.S2CID27063502.
^Çiçek M, Ketenoğlu O (2011). "Scutellaria anatolica (Lamiaceae), a New Species from Turkey".Annales Botanici Fennici.48 (3):276–9.doi:10.5735/085.048.0309.S2CID83741723.
Media related toScutellaria at Wikimedia Commons
Data related toScutellaria at Wikispecies
