TheScrophulariaceae are afamily offlowering plants, commonly known as thefigwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry. The Scrophulariaceae have acosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genusScrophulariaL.
This articleneeds attention from an expert in botany. The specific problem is:This article needs a comparison between the current and obsolete circumscriptions of the group, its current composition, and the present location of excluded taxa. None of these issues is adequately dealt with here.WikiProject Botany may be able to help recruit an expert.(August 2015)
In the past, it was treated as including about 275 genera and over 5,000 species, but its circumscription has been radically altered since numerous molecularphylogenies have shown the traditional broad circumscription to be grosslypolyphyletic.[2] Many genera have recently been transferred to other families within theLamiales, notablyPlantaginaceae andOrobanchaceae, but also several new families.[3][4] Several families of the Lamiales have had their circumscriptions enlarged to accommodate genera transferred from the Scrophulariacaesensu lato.
^Fischer says that, if we consider morphology, it has been obvious for the last decades that the Scrophulariaceae do not represent a monophyletic group. SeeFISCHER (2004), p. 346.
^Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "Whatever happened to the Scrophulariaceae?".Fremontia.30:13–22. - on linehere
^Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV",Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,161 (2):105–20,doi:10.1111/boj.12385
^abcVillaverde, T., Larridon, I., Shah, T., Fowler, R.M., Chau, J.H., Olmstead, R.G. and Sanmartín, I. (2023), Phylogenomics sheds new light on the drivers behind a long-lasting systematic riddle: the figwort family Scrophulariaceae. New Phytol, 240: 1601-1615.https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18845
^"Genera of Scrophulariaceae".Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved2015-11-28.
^Albach, D. C.; Meudt, H. M.; Oxelman, B. (2005). "Piecing together the "new" Plantaginaceae".American Journal of Botany.92 (2):297–315.doi:10.3732/ajb.92.2.297.PMID21652407.
^"Lindernia All".A Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar. Missouri Botanical Garden and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle.
Fischer, E. (2004). "Scrophulariaceae". In Kubitzki, K.; Kadereit, J. W. (eds.).Flowering Plants – Dicotyledons: Lamiales. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. VII. Springer. pp. 333−432.ISBN978-3-540-40593-1.
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