You can helpexpand this article with text translated fromthe corresponding article in French. (December 2008)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
View a machine-translated version of the French article.
Machine translation, likeDeepL orGoogle Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
Youmust providecopyright attribution in theedit summary accompanying your translation by providing aninterlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary isContent in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Schiltigheim]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template{{Translated|fr|Schiltigheim}} to thetalk page.
Schiltigheim is located in the historical and cultural region ofAlsace which has been administratively integrated into theEuropean Collectivity of Alsace since January 1, 2021.
The inhabitants are calledSchilikois in French andScheligemer inAlsatian.
Schiltigheim is the largestsuburb of the city ofStrasbourg, and it borders Strasbourg to the north. In 2017, Schiltigheim was the third-most populous commune in Bas-Rhin (after Strasbourg andHaguenau), with a total population of 31,894.[3]
Former names of Schiltigheim includeSkitingsbouhel in 845[4],Scildincheim in 884[5],Schiltencheim in 1004[6], orSchiltenkeim in 1275[5], and even the Frenchified formChilthiqueim in 1750[7]. Other variations in the 9th century includeSchildenchen,Skitingsdtbuel,Sciltenheim,Sckiltencheim,Scildenheim,Schiltingheim,Schiltenheim,Schilckenhaim,Schilken[8].
In the Strasbourg area,Schilick is a familiar name used to refer to Schiltigheim among both French and German speakers.[9]
Schiltigheim's origin dates back to at least the 9th century, forming aroundSciltung castle, established by a Frankish warror, andBothebür chapel located on the last hills north of Strasbourg and extending along the slopes down toward theRhine. TheSciltung castle was located on the hill of the present-day Castle Park in Schiltigheim.Bothebür chapel's exact location is unknown but it may have been located near the present-dayProtestant Church of Schiltigheim [fr].[10]
Schiltigheim's development is closely linked to the 14th century arrival of the expelled inhabitants of the ancient village ofAdelshoffen [fr] who were granted permission to settle in lower Schiltigheim between the present-day streets of La Glacière and Adelshoffen.[11]
In 855, when Lothair I died, Schiltigheim became part ofLotharingia underLothair II to which it remained attached after the reorganization of the Middle Francia lands following the death ofCharles of Provence in 863.
In 876, after the death of Louis the German, Schiltigheim fell under the rule ofCharles the Fat first as part of easternAlamannia before joining back into East Francia in 882.
In 962, Schiltigheim already fell under the rule ofOtto I when he created and became Emperor of theHoly Roman Empire.
In 1255,Henry III of Stahleck [fr] granted the nobles of Wagnen the right ofAdvowson (patronage) to the town of Schiltigheim to settle a dispute between the Abbey of Saint Stephen and those nobles.[9][8]
In 1501, Pierre de Vôlsch sold the village and castle of Schiltigheim to the city of Strasbourg[9]. The city placed the village under management of theBailiwick of Illkirch which was part of Strasbourg at that time.[8] In that year, Schiltigheim and Adelshoffen were home to 360 Protestant inhabitants with an unknown number of Catholic inhabitants.[8]
In 1507, half of the village of Schiltigheim was reduced to ash by lightning in August 1507.[9]
In 1575, Schiltigheim and Adelshoffen were home to 384 Protestant inhabitants with an unknown number of Catholic inhabitants.[8][12]
In 1648, Strasbourg and its lands, including Schiltigheim remained a free imperial city within the Holy Roman Empire, even though thePeace of Westphalia ceded most of Alsace to the Kingdom of France.[13]
In 1676, during theFranco-Dutch War, the Strasbourg Magistrate had theSciltung castle razed to prevent its use against the village. The castle resembled a large tower with tall walls and its position on top of Schillingheim-Bühel hill provided anyone inside with a full view of all surrounding areas.[9]
In September 1681, the city of Strasbourg was annexed to France when the troops ofMarshal de Boufflers surrounded Strasbourg and its magistrates surrendered without resistance.[9] This annexation was formally confirmed in 1697 with thePeace of Ryswick.[9]
Starting in 1683, the village of Adelshoffen merged into Schiltigheim with the villages merged into one by 1817.[8]
The Village ofSchillique (1700)
In 1700, Schiltigheim and Adelshoffen were home to 810 Protestant inhabitants with an unknown number of Catholic inhabitants.[8]
In 1733, the magistrate established a fair and market in Schiltigheim to be held every year in mid-August.[9]
In 1867, Schiltigheim contained approximately 20 Catholic families, 264 Lutheran families and a few Calvinist families. Its territory consisted of a total of 2,383 acres of land, which includes 427 acres from the former Adelshoffen village. At that time, in liue of tithes, landowners pay fixed dues to either the Visitation Monastery of Strasbourg,[14] which held the property of former Saint Stephen's abbey, or to theChapter of Saint Thomas [fr] in the former Adelshoffen territory.[9]
In 1870, during theSiege of Strasbourg, the town of Schiltigheim, occupied by thePrussians, was severely damaged by bombardments. A shell from that era is still embedded in the wall of a house.
In 1871, thePeace of Frankfurt ceded Alsace to the German Empire, which made Schiltigheim part ofAlsace–Lorraine under the district of Strasbourg until 1918.
Catholic churchSainte Famille in Schiltigheim
In 1897, construction began for what is now the oldest Catholic church in Schiltigheim, the Church of Sainte Famille, which was consecration in 1899.[15]
Around the turn of the 20th century, Schiltigheim had a Protestant and a Catholic church, a district court, a goose exchage, and factories producing sparkling wine, canned goods, waxed canvas, ornaments, sand-lime brick products, machinery, soap,passementerie, brushes, paper goods,roofing felt, furniture, cigars, footwear, parquet flooring, a brewery, a cooperage and malt house, a brick and gypsum kiln, a goose farm, and timber and wine trades.[16]
In 1919, afterWorld War I, the territory of Alsace-Lorraine was ceded back to France according to provision of theTreaty of Versailles.
DuringWorld War II, between 1939 and 1945, Strasbourg and Schiltigheim were occupied by GermanWehrmacht and annexed byNazi Germany. In September 1939, the population was evacuated to theHaute-Vienne region. Returning to Alsace in the summer of 1940, the population endured Nazi annexation until their liberation in November 1944 byGeneral Leclerc's troops.
After World War II, two residents, Hélène Schweitzer Rosenberg (born in Schiltigheim on November 7, 1910) andGendarme Honoré Haessler (born inMarckolsheim on September 4, 1894),[17] were recognized among theRighteous Among the Nations of France for saving Jewish people persecuted by the Nazi regime and theVichy government. Gendarme Honoré Haessler was assigned to Schiltigheim from 1830 to 1939, and he systematically warned Jewish families of the arrival of the Germans. Both of these residents symbolize the benevolent attitude of the inhabitants towards the Jewish refugees in Schiltigheim, from which only one family was deported, even though more than 65 Jewish people resided there.[18]
In 1969, Schiltigheim's currentHôtel de Ville (town hall) was completed.[19]
Ernst Barthel (1890-1953) born in Schiltigheim, philosopher, mathematician, inventor
Jean Weissenbach (1946-), biologist and director of research at CNRS. Was at the primary school Exen Schiltigheim. Currently leads the Genoscope in Évry. In April 2010, the town of Schiltigheim awarded him the title of honorary citizen.
Yvon Riemer (1970-), wrestler, member of Olympia Schiltigheim. World champion Greco-Roman wrestling in 1995, silver in 1999 and bronze in 1991 and 1993. 5th Olympic Games in Barcelona in 1992
^abNègre, Ernest (1991).Toponymie générale de la France [General toponymy of France] (in French). Vol. II, Formations non-romanes, formations dialectales.ISBN2-600-00133-6.
^Franz Xaver Kraus:Kunst und Alterthum in Elsass-Lothringen. Beschreibende Statistik. Band I:Unter-Elsass, Friedrich Bull, Straßburg 1876, S. 266 (Google Books).
.jpg)
.jpg)
