 Logo of Scania AB | |
 Scania's headquarters inSödertälje | |
| Formerly | AB Scania-Vabis |
|---|---|
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| Industry | Automotive |
| Predecessors | |
| Founded | 1911; 114 years ago (1911) |
| Headquarters | , Sweden |
Number of locations | 10 |
Area served | Worldwide |
Key people | |
| Products | |
| Services | Financing, leasing, insurance |
| Revenue |  170 billionkr[2] (2022) |
| 12.37 billion kr[2] (2022) | |
| 7.86 billion kr[2] (2022) | |
| Total assets | 290.66 billion kr[2] (2022) |
| Total equity | 79.62 billion kr[2] (2022) |
Number of employees | 56,927[2] (end 2022) |
| Parent | Traton |
| Website | scania.com |
Scania AB (/ˈskæniə/SKAN-ee-ə,Swedish:[ˈskɑ̌ːnɪa]), stylisedSCANIA in its products, is a majorSwedish manufacturer headquartered inSödertälje, focusing oncommercial vehicles—specifically heavylorries, trucks and buses. It also manufacturesdiesel engines for heavy vehicles as well asmarine and general industrial applications.
Scania was formed in 1911 through the merger of Södertälje-basedVabis andMalmö-basedMaskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania. Since 1912, the company headquarters have been based in Södertälje after the merger. Today, Scania has production facilities in Sweden, France, the Netherlands, Thailand, China, India, Argentina, Brazil, Poland and Finland.[3] In addition, there are assembly plants in ten countries in Africa, Asia and Europe. Scania's sales and service organisation and finance companies are worldwide. In 2022, the company employed approximately 56,927 people around the world.[3]
Scania was listed on theNASDAQ OMX Stockholm stock exchange from 1996 to 2014.[4][5] The company is a subsidiary ofTraton, part of theVolkswagen Group.
Scania's logo shows agriffin, from thecoat of arms of theprovince of Scania (Swedish:Skåne).[6]
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AB Scania-Vabis was established in 1911 as the result of a merger betweenSödertälje-basedVabis andMalmö-basedMaskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania. Vagnfabriks Aktiebolaget i Södertelge (Vabis) was established as arailway car manufacturer in 1891, while Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania was established as a bicycle manufacturer in 1900. Both companies had tried their luck at buildingautomobiles, trucks and engines, but with varied success. In 1910, Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania had succeeded in constructing reliable vehicles, while Vabis was at the brink of closing down. An offer from Per Alfred Nordeman, managing director of Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania, to steel manufacturerSurahammars Bruk, owner of Vabis, led to an agreement in November 1910, and in 1911 the merger was a reality.
Development and production of engines and light vehicles were set to Södertälje, while trucks were manufactured in Malmö. The company's logo was redesigned from Maskinfabriks-aktiebolaget Scania's original logo with the head of agriffin, thecoat of arms of the Swedish regionScania (Skåne), centered on a three-spoke bicyclechainset. Initially the headquarters were located in Malmö, but in 1912 they were moved to Södertälje.[7][8]
Because there were many inexpensive, imported cars in Sweden at the time, Scania-Vabis decided to build high-class, luxury cars, for instance the type III limousine from 1920 that had atop hat holder in the roof.Prince Carl of Sweden owned a 1913 Scania-Vabis 3S, a type which was fitted with in-car buttons so the passenger could communicate with the driver. Scania-Vabis also built two-seat sports cars (or "sportautomobil").[9]
For the next few years the company's profits stagnated, with around a third of their orders coming from abroad.[7] The outbreak of the First World War, however, changed the company, with almost all output being diverted to theSwedish Army. By 1916, Scania-Vabis was making enough profit to invest in redeveloping both of their production facilities.[7]
Following the war, in 1919, Scania decided to focus completely on building trucks, abandoning other outputs including cars and buses.[7] However, they were hurt by the swamping of the market with decommissioned military vehicles from the war, and by 1921 the company was bankrupt.[6]
After some economic difficulties in 1921, new capital came fromStockholms Enskilda Bank owned by theWallenberg family, and Scania-Vabis became a solid and technically, high standing, company.
Towards the end of 1913, the company established a subsidiary in Denmark. The following year the first Danish-built car, a four-seaterPhaeton, was built at the company's Frederiksberg factory inCopenhagen. In 1914, the factory produced Denmark's first Scania-Vabis truck, and following this developed aV8 engine, one of the first in the world. In 1921, having sold around 175 trucks, and 75 cars, the Danish operation was closed down.[6]
In 1917 an agreement was established with the newly formed Norwegian company Norsk Automobilfabrik A/S about production under license of Scania-Vabis cars and lorries. Production began in 1919, but was ended in 1921 after production of only 77 lorries, mostly built from Swedish produced parts.
During the Second World War, Scania produced a variety of military vehicles for the Swedish Army, includingStridsvagn m/41 light tanks produced under licence.[6]
During the 1950s, the company expanded its operations into new customer segments, becoming agents for theWillys Jeep and theVolkswagen Beetle, the latter being very profitable for Scania-Vabis. It also started to become a genuine competitor toVolvo with their newL71 Regent truck which was introduced in 1954.[10]
During this period, Scania-Vabis expanded its dealer network and country-wide specialist workshop facilities. By the end of the 1950s, their market-share in Sweden was between 40 and 50%, and was achieving 70% in the heaviest truck sector – helped by the entrepreneurial efforts of their dealers into the haulier market.[10]
Probably their largest impact was in export markets. Before 1950, exports accounted for only 10 percent of production output, but a decade later, exports were at 50% of output.Beers in the Netherlands became a very important partner. Beers became official importers for Scania-Vabis in the Netherlands, and established a dealer network, along with training programmes for both mechanics and drivers. Beers also offered free twice-yearly overhauls of their customers vehicles, and offered a mobile service throughout the Netherlands with their custom-equipped service trucks. Due to Beers concerted efforts, Scania-Vabis market share in the country remained at a consistent 20% throughout this period. Scania-Vabis were to adopt the business model of Beers in their own overseas sales operations.[10]
The 1960s saw Scania-Vabis expanding its production operations into overseas locations. Until now, all Scania-Vabis production had been carried out solely atSödertälje, but the 1960s saw the need to expand production overseas. Brazil was becoming a notable market for heavy trucks, and was also dependent on inter-urban buses, with particular requirement for Brazil's mountainous roads which became nigh-on impassable at times.[11] On 2 July 1957, Brazilian subsidiaryScania-Vabis do Brasil S.A. (today known asScania Latin America Ltda.) was established and started assembling some vehicles themselves in 1958. On 29 May 1959, a new engine plant was inaugurated in theIpiranga district ofSão Paulo, and from June 1960, Scania-Vabis do Brasil assembled all vehicles themselves.[12] Scania-Vabis vehicles had already been assembled in Brazil by a local company calledVemag (Veículos e Máquinas Agrícolas S.A.) for several years.[13] Scania-Vabis established its first full manufacturing plant outside Södertälje, by building a new facility inSão Bernardo do Campo near São Paulo, which was opened on 8 December 1962, and this was to set the standard for Scania-Vabis international operations.[11][12]
Closer to home, the recently formedEuropean Economic Community (EEC) offered further opportunities. Based on their now strong presence in the Dutch markets, Scania-Vabis constructed a new plant inZwolle, which was completed in 1964.[11] This new Dutch facility provided Scania-Vabis with a stepping stone into the other five EEC countries, particularly the German and French markets.[11]
In 1966, Scania-Vabis acquired ownership of a then valuable supplier –Be-Ge Karosserifabrik, who were based inOskarshamn. Be-Ge had been making truck cabs since 1946, and had been supplying cabs not only to Scania-Vabis, but also to their Swedish competitors Volvo. It was normal practice for truck manufacturers to outsource production of cabs to independent bodybuilders, so their acquisition by Scania-Vabis seemed a good move.[11] Be-Ge ownerBror Göthe Persson had also established an additional cab factory atMeppel.[11]
Scania-Vabis continued their expansion of production facilities through acquisitions. In 1967, they acquiredKatrineholm based coachwork companySvenska Karosseriverkstäderna (SKV), and created a new subsidiary,Scania-Bussar. A year later, all bus production, along with R&D was moved to Katrineholm.[11] Further production locations were added atSibbhult andFalun, and Scania's employee numbers rose, particularly at Södertälje, which was to help double the town's population.[11]
Scania-Vabis at some point in their history also manufactured trucks in Botswana, Brazil, South-Korea, Tanzania, the Netherlands, Zimbabwe and the United States.
For some timeDaimler-Benz waged a 'logo war' with Scania-Vabis, claiming a possible confusion between the Scania-Vabis 'pedal crank' design featuring on Scania bicycles around 1900 and the Mercedes 'three-pointed star'.[citation needed] In 1968, Daimler-Benz won and the Scania-Vabis logo changed to a simple griffin's head on a white background.
In February 1968, a new range of trucks was launched, and at the same time the company was rebranded as justScania. In addition toVabis disappearing from the name and a new logo, all current models received new model designations.[14][15]
In 1976, the Argentine industrial complex was launched. A few months later, on 10 September, the first gearbox outside of Sweden was manufactured and finally in December an L111[16] truck became the first Scania made in Argentina. Soon the plant specialised in the production of gearboxes, axles and differentials that equipped both the units produced in Tucumán and those built in Brazil.[17]
Also in Argentina, in 1982 the Series 2 was launched as part of the "Scania Program", consisting of the T-112[18] and R-112[19] trucks with two cab versions and different options in engine and load capacity. In 1983, was launched the K112[20] made in Tucuman (like the rest models) for replace the BR-116.[21]
In mid-1985 Scania entered the US market for the first time (aside from having sold 12,000 diesel engines installed in Mack trucks from 1962 until 1975), starting modestly with a goal of 200 trucks in all of 1987 (121 trucks were sold during calendar year 1986[22]). Scania limited their marketing toNew England, where conditions resemble those in Europe more closely.[23]
Many examples of Scania, Vabis and Scania-Vabis commercial and military vehicles can be seen at theMarcus Wallenberg-hallen (the Scania Museum) in Södertälje.
On 1 September 1969, Scania merged withSaab AB, and formedSaab-Scania AB.[14] When Saab-Scania was split in 1995, the name of the truck and bus division changed simply toScania AB. One year later, Scania AB was introduced on the stock exchange, which resulted in a minor change of name toScania AB (publ).
On 7 August 1999,Volvo announced it had agreed to acquire a majority share in Scania. Volvo was to buy the 49.3% stake in Scania that was owned byInvestor AB, Scania's then main shareholder. The acquisition, for US$7.5 billion (60.7 billionSEK), would have created the world's second-largest manufacturer of heavy trucks, behindDaimlerChrysler. The cash for the deal was to come from the sale of Volvo's car division toFord Motor Company in January 1999.[24]
The merger failed, after theEuropean Union disapproved, announcing one company would have almost 100% market share in the Nordic markets.[citation needed]
In September 2006, the German truckmakerMAN AG launched a €10.3bn hostile offer to acquire Scania AB. Scania's CEOLeif Östling was forced to apologise after comparing the bid of MAN to a "Blitzkrieg". MAN AG later dropped its hostile offer, but in January 2008, MAN increased their voting rights in Scania up to 17%.
The German automotive companyVolkswagen Group gained ownership of Scania by first buying Volvo's stake in 2000, after the latter's aborted takeover attempt, increasing it to 36.4% in the first quarter 2007.[25] It then bought outInvestor AB in March 2008, raising its share to 70.94%.[26] The deal was approved by regulatory bodies in July 2008. Scania then became the ninthmarque in the Volkswagen Group.[27] By 1 January 2015, the Volkswagen Group controlled 100% of the shares in Scania AB. In 2018, Volkswagen Truck & Bus was rebrandedTraton.
In September 2017, Scania was fined 880 million euros (8.45bnSwedish krona) by the EU for taking part in a 14-year price fixing cartel.[28] The other five members of the cartel –Daimler,DAF,MAN,Iveco andVolvo/Renault – settled with the commission in 2016.[29]
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On 13 September 2022, following the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Scania declared a cessation of operations in Russia. Export sanctions and restrictions were enacted on Russia. In March, Scania stopped deliveries of trucks and parts to Russia, and ceased production in Saint Petersburg.[30]
Scania announced the sale of assets of their company in Russia for 560 million USD. MAN Truck & Bus SE and Scania AB are subsidiaries of Traton. They are selling their assets in Russia to local partners, while Scania is also divesting its Russian financing business, Traton said. The company said that all transactions will be completed in the first quarter of 2023.[1]
Scania develops, manufactures and sells trucks with agross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of more than 16 tonnes (Class 8), intended for long-distance haulage, regional, and local distribution of goods, as well as construction haulage.
The 1963 forward-control LB76 forged Scania-Vabis's reputation outside Sweden, being one of the first exhaustively crash-tested truck cabs.
All current trucks from Scania are part of thePRT-range, but are marketed as different series based on the general cab height.
Scania's bus and coach range has always been concentrated onchassis, intended for use with anything between touristcoaches to city traffic, but ever since the 1950s, when the company was still known as Scania-Vabis, they have manufactured complete buses for their home markets of Sweden and the rest ofScandinavia, and since the 1990s even for major parts of Europe.
Scania-Vabis was involved in bus production from its earliest days, producing mail buses in the 1920s.
In 1946, the company introduced their B-series of bus chassis, with the engine mounted above the front-axle, giving a short front overhang and the door behind the front-axle. The first generation consisted of the B15/B16, the B20/B21/B22 and the B31, primarily divided by weight class, and then by wheelbase. The latter became upgraded in 1948 and renamed 2B20/2B21/2B22 and 3B31. The T31/T32trolleybus chassis was also available from 1947. In 1950, the next generation was introduced, with the B41/B42, the B61/B62/B63/B64 and later the B83. From then, Scania-Vabis also offered the BF-series chassis, available as BF61/BF62/BF63, which had the engine more conventionally mounted before the front-axle, leaving room for the door on a longer front overhang. From 1954, the B-series came as B51 and B71, and the BF as BF71 and later BF73. In 1959, the B55, B65 and B75, plus the BF75 were introduced, and were from 1963 available as B56, B66 and B76, plus the BF56 and BF76.
Before the rebranding to Scania in 1968, Scania-Vabis had delivered a very limited number of CR76 chassis-frameworks (less actual bodywork) with transversally rear-mounted engine for external bodying, based on the complete bus with the same name. From 1968 it was also delivered as a standard bus chassis known as BR110.[32] The other chassis models were renamed too, so the Scania-Vabis B56/B76 became the Scania B80/B110 and the BF56/BF76 became BF80/BF110. The numbers in the new model designations were based on theengine displacement (8 and 11-litre), a scheme that Scania used for almost 40 years.
In 1971, a new range of longitudinally mounted rear-engined chassis was launched, with the BR85 and its larger brother, the V8-powered 14-litre BR145, targeted at the coach market. In Brazil, the higher powered version was equipped with the standard 11-litre instead of the V8, known as the BR115. Also the BR111 was launched as the replacement for the BR110, being derived from the CR111 complete bus. In 1976, many of the models were renewed, and designations were upped from 80 and 85 to 86, and from 110 to 111, except the BR145 which was later replaced by the BR116 in 1978.
TheBR112 was launched in 1978 as a forerunner to the2-series, replacing the BR111. The rest of the 2-series were launched in 1981 with the F82/F112 replacing the BF86/BF111 and the S82/S112 replacing the B86/B111, and then in 1982 the K82/K112 replacing the BR86/BR116. The BR112 was then updated to theN112 in 1984, and a tri-axle version of the K112 became available, known as the K112T. In 1985, the K82 and F82 were replaced by the 8.5-litre engined K92 and F92. Front-engined versions were in general discontinued on the European markets in the mid-1980s, but production continued in Brazil.
In 1988, the3-series was introduced, continuing the main models of the 2-series. In 1990, the newL113 became available, with a longitudinally rear-mounted engine which was inclined 60° to the left, to make a lower height than the K113. The4-series was launched in 1997, continuing all model characteristics from the 3-series, but with all of them being just modular configurations of the basic chassis. The 8.5-litre engine was replaced by a 9-litre, and the 11-litre was replaced by an 11.7-litre. They were joined by a 10.6-litre engine in 2000.
The currentScania's bus and coach range has been available since 2006, and is marketed as theK-series,N-series andF-series, based on the engine position.[33]
Scania-Vabis' first complete bus model was the transversally rear-engined commuter bus Metropol (C50), which was built in the workshop in Södertälje on licence from theMack C50 in 1953–1954 for customerStockholms Spårvägar. It was followed in 1955 by the slightly shorter city bus version Capitol (C70/C75/C76), which was manufactured until 1964. In 1959, the front-engined CF-series was introduced with the CF65 and CF75 (later CF66 and CF76). The CF-series was built until 1966.
In 1965, the rear-engined CR76 was introduced as a replacement for the Capitol. It was available in two versions; the CR76M with double doors (2-2-0) for city and suburban traffic, and the CR76L with single doors (1-1-0) for longer distances. Because of Sweden'sswitch to right-hand traffic in September 1967 and the need for new buses with doors on the right-hand side, the model sold well. With the rebranding from Scania-Vabis to Scania in 1968, the model was renamed CR110 (CR110M and CR110L). In 1967, the coachwork manufacturerSvenska Karosseri Verkstäderna (SKV) inKatrineholm was acquired, and all production of bus chassis soon moved there too.[15] Together with the rebranding in 1968, Scania re-introduced the front-engined CF range for customers in Sweden as a body-on-chassis product with the newly acquired SKV's former bodywork model "6000" on standard Scania chassis, but less than 100 were delivered until 1970. The CF110L (BF110 chassis) was the most successful, while a handful of C80L (B80) and C110L (B110) were made.[34]
In 1971, the CR110 was upgraded and became the CR111. With extended sound-proofing for its time, it was marketed as the "silent bus". The same year, Scania also introduced a new range of longitudally rear-engined coaches known as the CR85 and the CR145. While CR85 had the small 8-litre engine, the CR145 was powered by a 14-litre V8 engine. The coaches were built until 1978, but never sold very well. In 1973, one right-hand drive CR145 prototype was built in Sweden, with the finishing touches done byMCW, but it remained the only one of its kind.[35] The CR111 was replaced by the all-new CR112 in 1978. With its angular design, the CR112 was called a "shoebox". As with the BR112 chassis being renamed the N112, the CR112 was renamed the CN112 in 1984, and it was also launched in an articulated version. A North American version of the CN112 was built in around 250 units between 1984 and 1988. The CK112 was launched as a simple coach or intercity bus in 1986, sharing most of the styling with the CN112. With the launch of the 3-series in 1988, both the CN112 and CK112 were upgraded to CN113 and CK113. The CK113 was replaced by the L113-based CL113 in 1991 with new rectangular headlights, but production ended in 1992. Less than 100 units of the CK112/CK113/CL113 were ever built.
The MaxCi (CN113CLL), launched in 1992, was Scania's first everlow-entry bus, with a low floor between the front and centre doors, and kneeling to make entering even easier. The bodywork was based on the CN113, but with a lowered window line in the front half, and a new front including the headlights from the CL113. In 1996, the aluminium bodyOmniCity was launched as Scania's first fulllow-floor bus, and in 1998 the MaxCi was replaced by theOmniLink, which shared styling with the OmniCity. A step-entrance intercity bus returned with theOmniLine in 2000. In 2007, Scania returned to the complete coach market with the Finnish-builtOmniExpress, which in 2011 even replaced the OmniLine, which had gone out of production in 2009.
Scania's current styling was first seen in 2009, with the launch of the Touring coach, manufactured byHiger Bus in China, and in 2011 theCitywide was launched to replace both the OmniCity and the OmniLink. Scania in India launched their very own Metrolink coach in 2013, built at their plant there. The Interlink was then launched in October 2015 to replace the OmniExpress. The latest addition to Scania's complete bus models is the Fencer range featuring buses to coaches, the F1 single decker bus was launched in May 2021 initially for the UK market and available in diesel and electric drivetrains.[36][37]
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In addition to supplying chassis for external bodywork, and their own bodyworks, Scania have also collaborated with some bodywork manufacturers to deliver buses through Scania's distribution lines, both on a global base and on smaller markets.
In 1969, Scania teamed up withMCW to make theMetro-Scania single-decker for the UK market based on the BR110MH, and since 1971 the BR111MH chassis. In 1973, it was replaced by theMetropolitan double-decker, built on the BR111DH chassis. Production ended in 1978, when the BR111 was replaced by theBR112.East Lancashire Coachbuilders (ELC) launched theirlow-entryMaxCi in 1993, one year after Scania's own left-hand drive version. It was followed by theL113-basedEuropean in 1995 until 1996. In 2003, ELC was back with both theOmniDekka double-decker and theOmniTown midibus to complement Scania's ownOmniCity.
Since the mid-1990s, Scania started a long-lasting collaboration with Spanish bus builderIrizar to sell their coaches through Scania's global distribution network. The agreement meant that Scania had exclusive distribution rights for all Irizar coaches in Northern Europe for many years. The most widespread model was theIrizar Century, but later also theIrizar PB was sold as Scania's premium coach.
In 1985, Scania's Norwegian distributor and the Finnish bus builder Ajokki announced theScania Classic,[38] a coach built exclusively for Norway. It was technically based on Ajokki's own Royal coach model, but received its own styling details. In 1990, when Ajokki had become Carrus, the second generation was launched based on the Vector/Regal models. The third generation from 1995 was also available in Sweden and Finland in limited numbers, and the fourth and last generation from 2001 was built with the same bodywork as theVolvo 9700. Volvo, who had bought Carrus in 1998, put the foot down against any further Scanias with this bodywork from 2002, and since then Scania instead put the "Classic" sticker on all Irizar Century sold in Norway for several years. The collaboration also led to some Norway-exclusive intercity buses; theScania Cruiser (Ajokki Victor),Scania Universal (Carrus Fifty) andScania InterClassic (Carrus Vega), but neither of these had special styling, nor as successful as the Classic.
In 2006, Scania andHiger Bus announced the A80, the first coach in the Higer A Series of coaches built on Scania chassis in China. The coaches are generally available in Asia, but the A30 is also available in Europe as an affordable intercity bus or simple coach. Even the A80 is globally available, but under make-up known as the Scania Touring HD, also referred to as the A80T.
Since 2012, Scania and Belgian bus manufacturerVan Hool offer some of their most luxurious coaches from their TX series onScania K EB chassis, including the Astronef with theatrical floor, the Astromega double-decker and the Altano.[39] Since 2014, also the Exqui.CityBRT concept is available onScania N UA chassis withCNG-powered engines.[40]
In addition to bus and truck engines, Scania's industrial andmarine engines are used in generator sets and in earthmoving and agricultural machinery, as well as on board ships and pleasure crafts.
Scania's involvement withinternal combustion engine production dates back to 1897, when engineer Gustav Erickson designed the engine for the company's firstmotor car. Over the subsequent years, Scania has grown to be one of the world's most experienced engine manufacturers, building engines not only for trucks and buses, but also formarine and general industrial applications, which are exported across the globe.[41]
Year in parentheses is first year of application in road vehicles.
The table below shows the locations of the current[43] and former production facilities of Scania AB. As Scania is now majority owned by Volkswagen AG, making it part ofVolkswagen Group, the table also includes Volkswagen Group references.[44]
Notes: the second column of the table, the 'factory VIN ID code', is indicated in the 11th digit of the vehicles' 17 digitVehicle Identification Number, and this factory code is only assigned to plants which produce complete vehicles. Component factories which do not produce complete vehicles do not have this factory ID code.
![[icon]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aWiki_letter_w_cropped.svg) | This sectionneeds expansion with: factory VIN ID codes, specific detail of current production, former production, dates, coordinates, any former plants. You can help byadding to it.(October 2009) |
In 2015 Scania opened its first Asian Plant in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. This plant specialises in bus and coach making.
In November 2020 Scania bought truck company Nantong Gaokai based in China's eastern city ofRugao to start the plan of vehicles production there.[55]
| This sectionneeds expansion with: factory VIN ID codes, specific detail of current production, former production, dates, coordinates, any former plants. You can help byadding to it.(October 2009) |
| Factory name | Factory VIN ID code(s) | FactoryWMI code(s) | Location (continent, country) | Location (town/city, state/region) | Current motor vehicle production | Former motor vehicle production | Automotive products & components | Year opened | Comments | Factory coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silkeborg | Europe, Denmark | Silkeborg Municipality, Central Denmark Region | Scania bus body assembly | 1912 | Scania Busser Silkeborg A/S, acquired by Scania AB in 1995 (formerDanish Automobile Building), sold to Norwegian-Brazilian joint-ventureVest-Busscar in 2002 and closed down in 2003 |
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59°10′14″N17°38′26″E / 59.17056°N 17.64056°E /59.17056; 17.64056
