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TheSarukhanids orSarukhanid dynasty (Modern Turkish:Saruhanoğulları,Saruhanoğulları Beyliği), also known as thePrincipality of Saruhan andBeylik of Saruhan (Saruhan Beyliği), was one of theTurkishAnatolian beyliks (principality), centered inManisa.

Although the origin of Saruhanids is not known, there are theories that they may be ofOghuz orKipchak origin.^[1] Some researchers attribute the origins of Saruhanids to the "Sarı" tribe ofKipchak-Kimeks.^[2] The Saruhanids It was founded by the tribal chiefSaruhan about 1300 and lasted for a first time until 1390, whenBayezid I overran the region and finally until 1412, when theOttoman SultanMehmed I killed Hızır, the last Saruhan ruler, and absorbed theBeylik into theOttoman Empire as a province.

The founder of the beylik,Sarukhan Bey, began his military career as anemir of theGermiyanids. Sometime at the beginning of the 14th century, he seized territories for himself in theGediz River (Hermus under its previous Byzantine rulers) valley and founded a dynasty that started to rule the region from its base in Manisa.^[3] Its principal towns includedMenemen,Gördes,Demirci,Nif, andKasaba.

The dynasty's period as a regional power is largely limited to the long reign of its founder, Sarukhan Bey (d. 1346), under whom the principality became a naval power in theAegean Sea, and regularly battled with the fleets of theRepublic of Genoa and theDukes of Naxos.^[3]

The most enduring monument of the Sarukhan dynasty is the Great Mosque at Manisa. Constructed in 1374 by İshak Bey, the mosque has a prayer hall covered by a dome 14m in diameter. Attached to the prayer hall is an innovative, semi-covered forecourt. The building likely served as inspiration for theÜç Şerefeli Mosque, constructed some sixty years later by theOttoman sultanMurad II.^[4]

The region roughly corresponding to the area of extension of Sarukhan dynasty's administration became an Ottoman sub-province (sanjak) under the continued name of Sarukhan until the early years of theRepublic of Turkey.^[5]

1. Saruhan Bey (1313–1346)
2. Fahrüddin İlyas Bey (1346–1362)
3. Muzafferüddin İshak Bey (1362–1388)
4. Hızırşah (1362–1390)

Under Ottoman rule (1390–1402):

5. Orhan Bey (1402–1404)
6. Hızırşah Bey (1404–1410)
7. Orhan Bey (1410–1412)

• Anatolian beyliks

40°17′22″N45°08′03″E / 40.2894°N 45.1342°E /40.2894; 45.1342

• Sarukhanids
• Anatolian beyliks
• History of Manisa
• History of Manisa Province
• States and territories established in the 1300s
• States and territories disestablished in the 1410s

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