Sanvignes-les-Mines | |
|---|---|
 The old town hall in Sanvignes-les-Mines | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of Sanvignes-les-Mines | |
  Sanvignes-les-Mines  Sanvignes-les-Mines | |
| Coordinates:46°39′58″N4°17′40″E / 46.6661°N 4.2944°E /46.6661; 4.2944 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Saône-et-Loire |
| Arrondissement | Autun |
| Canton | Saint-Vallier |
| Intercommunality | CU Creusot Montceau |
Area 1 | 35.4 km2 (13.7 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[1] | 4,235 |
| • Density | 120/km2 (310/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 71499 /71410 |
| Elevation | 277–405 m (909–1,329 ft) (avg. 329 m or 1,079 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Sanvignes-les-Mines (French pronunciation:[sɑ̃viɲlemin]ⓘ) is acommune in theSaône-et-Loiredepartment in theregion ofBourgogne-Franche-Comté in easternFrance.
The area covered by Sanvignes-les-Mines started to be importantly settled in the 19th century, when the mining of the resources in theSaône-et-Loire coal basin took on new importance and became industrialized—notably through the founding of the neighboring commune ofMontceau-les-Mines in 1856.
Deeply linked to the fate of its mines, it saw a significant number of miners join the town to find employment. For a good part of the 19th century, the town was politically, religiously, and economically controlled by theChagot family, owners of the Blanzy Mining Company who strongly promotedCatholicism, relying notably on the clergy to monitor the miners. It is estimated that between the 1850s and the period of the troubles, about twenty years, more than 400 adult and children miners died in the mine.
This situation ended during theMontceau-les-Mines troubles (1878-1885), when the miners of the town and region joinedanarchism in large numbers, making the mining basin a center ofanarchism in France, particularly through theBlack Band, one or more secret anarchist organizations of miners operating in the region and carrying out numerous attacks.
Following the closure of the mines throughout the 20th century, the town has diversified economically.
The commune and the region are part of theSaône-et-Loire coal basin, which began to be exploited industrially in the 19th century.[2] It was then under the political, economic, and financial control of theChagot dynasty, which owned theBlanzy Mines Company.[2] This family distinguished itself by significantly supportingCatholicism, which allowed them to monitor their miners.[2] Between 1856 and the period of theMontceau-les-Mines troubles (1878-1885), it is estimated that more than 400 male and female miners died in the mine's numerous shafts due to very harsh working and living conditions, without protection provided to the workers—who started working from the age of 12—against potential accidents.[2]
This situation continued until theperiod of the troubles, when many miners and inhabitants of the region and the commune joinedanarchism, an ideology and political movement aiming to abolish all unjust domination and strongly opposingcapitalism and theState.[2][3][4] During this period, a number of inhabitants of the region, including Sanvignes-les-Mines, became involved in theBlack Band, one or more secret anarchist organizations committing numerous attacks and bombings in the region.[2][5] This penetration of anarchism in the region sparked the beginning of a significant and radicalsyndicalist movement in Sanvignes-les-Mines and the neighboring communes—the firstchambres syndicales ('local trade unions') founded there openly oriented towards anarchism.[5]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 6,772 | — |
| 1975 | 6,266 | −1.10% |
| 1982 | 5,728 | −1.27% |
| 1990 | 4,918 | −1.89% |
| 1999 | 4,342 | −1.37% |
| 2007 | 4,377 | +0.10% |
| 2012 | 4,414 | +0.17% |
| 2017 | 4,317 | −0.44% |
| Source: INSEE[6] | ||
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