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Sangtam language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Naga language spoken in northeast India

Sangtam
Thukumi, Sangtam Naga
Lophomi
Native toNagaland,India
RegionEast-centralNagaland, Tuensang and Khiphire districts
EthnicitySangtam
Native speakers
76,000 (2011 census)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3nsa
Glottologsang1321
Part ofa series on
Naga people
Ethnic groups
Languages

Sangtam, also calledThukumi,Isachanure, orLophomi, is aNaga language spoken in northeastIndia. It is spoken in Kiphire District and in the Longkhim-Chare circle inTuensang district,Nagaland, India.

Dialects

[edit]

Ethnologue lists the following dialects of Sangtam.

  • Kizare
  • Pirr (Northern Sangtam)
  • Phelongre
  • Thukumi (Central Sangtam)
  • Photsimi
  • Purr (Southern Sangtam)

The standardized dialect of Sangtam is based on the Tsadanger village speech variety.

Phonology

[edit]

Sangtam is unusual in having twostops with bilabial trilled release,/t̪͡ʙ̥,t̪͡ʙ̥ʰ/, which contrast with each other phonemically.[2][3]

Consonants[2][3]
LabialDental/
Alveolar
RetroflexPalatalVelarGlottal
Nasalmnɲŋ[a]
Plosiveplainpʈʵck[b]
aspiratedt̪ʰʈʰʵ
Affricateplaint̪͡ʙ̥[c]t̪͡st͡ʃ
aspiratedt̪͡ʙ̥ʰt̪͡sʰt͡ʃʰ
Fricativevoiceless(f)sʃxh
voicedvz
Approximantlɻj
  1. ^The velar nasal/ŋ/ is in free variation with a null realization[] syllable-finally when preceded by a nasalized vowel.
  2. ^The unaspirated velar plosive/k/ is realized as a glottal stop[ʔ] in coda position.
  3. ^The trill in unaspirated/t̪͡ʙ̥/ is typically voiced as[t̪͡ʙ] when word-medial.
Vowels[2]
FrontBack
Closeiu
Close-mideo
Open/
Open-mid
aʌ
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion with: Tones, nasalization, and creaky-voice. You can help byadding missing information.(December 2025)

All vowels can have high, mid, or lowtone.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011".www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved7 July 2018.
  2. ^abcCoupe, Alexander (2015)."Prestopped bilabial trills in Sangtam".Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Glasgow, 10–14 August 2015. Glasgow: University of Glasgow.ISBN 978-0-85261-941-4. Paper no. 0734.1–5.
  3. ^abCoupe, Alexander (2020),"Northern Sangtam phonetics, phonology and word list"(PDF),Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area,43 (1):148–189,doi:10.1075/ltba.19014.cou
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