| Sangachal Terminal | |
|---|---|
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 Interactive map of Sangachal Terminal | |
| Location | |
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| Location | Sanqaçal |
| Coordinates | 40°12′05″N49°28′53″E / 40.201262°N 49.481270°E /40.201262; 49.481270 |
| Details | |
| Opened | 1996 |
| Operated by | BP |
| Owned by | Azerbaijan |
| Type ofharbour | Oil and Gas Terminal |
| Size | 500 hectares |
| Statistics | |
| Annual cargotonnage | 3 million barrels (480×10 |
TheSangachal Terminal is an industrial complex consisting of anatural gas processing plant andoil production plant, located on the coast of theCaspian Sea 45 kilometres (28 mi) south ofBaku,Azerbaijan.
Construction of the terminal began in 1996 with theEarly Oil Project, which foresaw the construction of pipelines toSupsa andNovorossiysk. Oil was first exported in October 1997. The terminal has since been expanded to include the ACG Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3 Oil Trains, BTC's main pumping station and the Shah Deniz gas plant. Facilities at the oil production plant includeseparators,coalescers, three new crude oilstorage tanks,centrifugal pumps, gas turbine power generators and a central control room.[1]
The Sangachal Terminal Expansion Program (STEP) was started in November 2001. The construction included 15,000 cubic metre of concrete, 1,600 units of steel structures, 25,000 metres (82,000 ft) of pipe, 450,000 metres (1,480,000 ft) of cables. Apart from technological works, civil construction included living accommodations for 550 people, cafeteria, movie theater, soccer field, etc. US$1.2-2 billion was spent on the sub-projects realized within the STEP project.[2][3]
The terminal expansion contract was awarded to theTekfen-Azfen joint venture[4] which employed nearly 4,000 employees for the project, 75% of which were Azerbaijani citizens. With the finalization of the main part of the project, this number was reduced to 1,720 employees.[2]
Sangachal Terminal has a processing capacity of 1.2 million barrels per day (190×10^3 m3/d) and 1.25 billion cubic feet (35×10^6 m3) of gas per day (bcfd). The three new crude oil storage tanks added during the STEP have a capacity of 880 thousand barrels (140×10^3 m3) each.[5] The overall storage capacity at the terminal is 3 million barrels (480×10^3 m3).[6] As of November 2009, the terminal exports 941.4 thousand barrels per day (149.67×10^3 m3/d).[7]
The terminal is operated by aBP led consortium and is one of the largest oil and gas facilities in the world.[8] Other partners are fromAIOC,Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline,Shah Deniz andSouth Caucasus Pipeline projects. The terminal receives oil from theAzeri-Chirag-Guneshli field and natural gas from the Shah Deniz gas field.
The oil is exported via the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline to Turkey's Mediterranean coast and via theBaku-Supsa Pipeline and theBaku-Novorossiysk Pipeline to theBlack Sea coast.[9] Sangachal Terminal was mentioned in theUnited States diplomatic cables leak as one of US "critical foreign dependencies".[10]
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