While the party is largely based inUttar Pradesh,[16] it has significant presence in many other Indian states as well. It has been the ruling party in the state of Uttar Pradesh for four terms – three times underChief MinisterMulayam Singh Yadav, the fourth and most recent beingChief MinisterAkhilesh Yadav's full majority government in the 2012–2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
InMumbai, a supporter of the Samajwadi Party carries a bicycle, which is the symbol featured on thesocialist party's flag.
The Samajwadi Party was one of several parties that emerged whenJanata Dal fragmented into several regional parties.[19] The party was founded byMulayam Singh Yadav in 1992.[20][21] Created just months before theBabri Masjid demolition, the party rose to power by pursuing secular politics. The support of its key voters, Other Backward Classes and Muslims helped the party become a major political force in Uttar Pradesh.[12][22]
He was chosen as the President for the first time in an Emergency meeting in 2017. He was chosen for second time in 2017 at Agra Convention of Samajwadi Party. He was chosen for the third time at the party's national convention held in September 2022 at Lucknow,[13][14][15] after he was chosen as the President at the party's national convention held on 1 January 2017.
The party have contestedLok Sabha and State Assembly elections around the country, but by far the bulk of its victories have been in Uttar Pradesh. In the2012 legislative assembly elections of Uttar Pradesh, SP registered a landslide victory with a clear majority in the house, thus enabling it to form a government in the state. This was expected to be the fifth term of Mulayam Singh Yadav as Chief Minister of state, but he selected his son, Akhilesh Yadav instead. This became official on 15 March. It was also the first time that SP was head of the UP government for a full term of five years.[23][24] However, the party suffered a landslide defeat in the2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election, slumping to only 47 seats as theBharatiya Janata Party swept to victory. The major loss of Samajwadi Party was attributed to several factors, most notably being corruption, several political controversies, deteriorating law and order, and insensitive comments on rape as well as anti-women views.
National Convention of January 2017
In a National Convention held on 1 January 2017, called by Ram Gopal Yadav,Akhilesh Yadav was appointed as president of the Party for 5 years.[25]
Position in state and national politics
Alliance
UPA
The Samajwadi Party provided outside support to theUnited Progressive Alliance government up to the fourteenth general election. After the fourteenth general election, its support became unnecessary when the UPA became the largest alliance. It contested the 2009 general election in alliance with theRashtriya Janata Dal and theLok Janshakti Party ofBihar.[26]
In April 2014, theSave Indian Family Foundation encouraged voters to support the Samajwadi Party or voteNone of the above because they had said they opposed the alleged misuse of gender bias laws.[27]
SP-BSP Alliance
In 2019 general election, the Samajwadi Party was defeated by the BJP in Uttar Pradesh though allying withBahujan Samaj Party.[28] It became the thirteenth largest party in parliament.[29] In the general elections of 2019, it won only five seats, while the BSP won 10.
In the2024 Indian general election, the Samajwadi Party achieved a historic breakthrough by winning 37 seats, making it the third-largest party in the18th Lok Sabha. In Uttar Pradesh, the Samajwadi Party contested the elections in alliance with theIndian National Congress. Together, they secured 43 out of the 80 seats in the state, marking a significant gain for theINDIA Alliance.
Presence in state assemblies
The SP has two MLAs inMaharashtra and one MLA in the 2022Gujarat assembly election.
Samajwadi Prahari and Samajwadi Sanwad
Under the guidance of Kailash Chaurasia, who was the Minister of State in the Government of Uttar Pradesh and under the direction of Dr.Arvind Srivastava, Shri Shivendra Nandan[33] made the formal announcement of the formation of Samajwadi Sentinel and in this sequence, Samajwadi Samvad to put forward the public's views. He reportedly cited the fight for equal rights for all races and issues related to inequality in youth-related matters as the main issues presented. The Samajwadi Party has front line campaigning groups.[34] Ongoing debate on party policy comes from many of their leaders. Among them are:
^This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he or she heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
Mulayam Singh Yadav, founder and former President of Samajwadi Party, former Defence minister of India and former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.[67][68][69]
Akhilesh Yadav, President of Samajwadi Party and former chief minister of Uttar Pradesh.[70][71]
^G. C. Malhotra (26 September 2023).Anti-defection Law in India and the Commonwealth. [Published for] Lok Sabha Secretariat [by] Metropolitan Book Company. p. 570.ISBN9788120004061.Mulayan Singh Yadav, MLA, along with 22 other MLAs belonging to the Janata Party Legislature Party, in a letter addressed to the Speaker, intimated that there was a split in their original Party, in a letter addressed to the Speaker, intimated that there was a split in their original Party.
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