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Salvadorans

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
People of El Salvador
For information on the population of El Salvador, seeDemographics of El Salvador.
Ethnic group
Salvadorans
Salvadoreños
Total population
8,066,060
 El Salvador          6,486,000
Regions with significant populations
 United States1,410,659[1] – 2,619,946 (2023ACS)[2]
 Canada51,776[1]
 Guatemala20,683[1]
 Mexico16,807[1]
 Costa Rica16,682[1]
 Italy16,672[1]
 Spain12,408[1]
 Australia12,310[1]
 Belize10,016[1]
 Honduras9,071[1]
 Panama4,147[1]
 Sweden3,421[1]
 Nicaragua2,557[1]
 Germany1,475[1]
 United Kingdom1,284[1]
 France1,271[1]
 Belgium1,081[1]
  Switzerland970[1]
 Venezuela956[1]
 Colombia782[1]
 Libya754[1]
 Ecuador544[1]
 Netherlands498[1]
 Brazil289[1]
 Dominican Republic278[1]
 Norway225[1]
 Egypt212[1]
 Peru203[1]
 Bolivia140[1]
 Jamaica133[1]
Languages
Religion
Predominantly Christian:Roman Catholicism,Protestantism[3]
Related ethnic groups

Salvadorans (Spanish:Salvadoreños), also known asSalvadorians orSalvadoreans, are citizens ofEl Salvador, a country inCentral America. Most Salvadorans live in El Salvador, although there is also a significant Salvadorandiaspora, particularlyin the United States, with smaller communities in other countries around the world.[4]

El Salvador's population was 6,218,000 in 2010, compared to 2,200,000 in 1950.[5] In 2010, the percentage of the population below the age of 15 was 32.1%, 61% were between 15 and 65 years of age, while 6.9% were 65 years or older.[5]

Demonym

[edit]

Although not the academic standard,Salvadorian andSalvadorean are widely-used English demonyms used by those living in the United States and other English-speaking countries. All three versions of the word can be seen in most Salvadoran business signs in the United States and elsewhere in the world.

Centroamericano/a in Spanish and in EnglishCentral American is an alternative standard and widespread cultural identity term that Salvadorans use to identify themselves, along with their regional isthmian neighbors. It is a secondary demonym and it is widely used as an interchangeable term for El Salvador and Salvadorans. The demonym Central American is an allusion to the strong union that the Central America region has had since its independence. The term Central America is not only a regional cultural identity, but also a political identity, since the region has been united on various occasions as a single country such as theUnited Provinces of Central America,Federal Republic of Central America,National Representation of Central America, andGreater Republic of Central America. The same can be said for El Salvador's neighbors, specifically the original five states ofCentral America.

History

[edit]

Lithic era

[edit]

El Salvador was inhabited byPaleo-Indians, thefirst peoples who subsequently inhabited, theAmericas during theglacial episodes of thelate Pleistocene period. Their paintings (the earliest of which date from 8000 BC) can still be seen in caves outside the towns ofCorinto andCacaopera, both in Morazán. Originating in thePaleolithic period, these cave paintings exhibit the earliest traces of human life in El Salvador; these early Native Americans people used the cave as a refuge, Paleoindian artists created cave and rock paintings that are located in present-day El Salvador.

TheLencas later occupied the caves and utilized them as spiritual spaces. Other ancient petroglyphs are located inSan José Villanueva, La Libertad andSan Isidro, Cabañas. The rock petroglyphs in San Jose Villanueva near a cave in Walter Thilo Deininger National Park are similar to other ancient rock petroglyph around the country. Regarding the style of the engravings, it has been compared with the petroglyphs of La Peña Herrada (Cuscatlán), el Letrero del Diablo (La Libertad) and la Peña de los Fierros (San Salvador). Other cave locations include the cave of Los Fierros and La Cuevona, both in Cuscatlán.

Archaic Period

[edit]
Main article:History of Mesoamerica (Paleo-Indian)

Native Americans appeared in thePleistocene era and became the dominant people in theLithic stage, developing in theArchaic period in North America to theFormative stage, occupying this phase for thousands of years until European contact at the end of 16th century, spanning from the time of the arrival to theUpper Paleolithic era toEuropean colonization of the Americas during the early modern period.

Mesoamerican cultures

[edit]
Main article:Mesoamerica
  • Joya de Cerén
  • Tazumal
  • Casa Blanca
  • San Andrés
  • Cihuatán
  • Late Classic Maya cup from El Salvador. 600–900 AD.
    Late Classic Maya cup from El Salvador. 600–900 AD.
  • Mayan artifact found at the Joya de Cerén archaeological site
    Mayan artifact found at theJoya de Cerén archaeological site
  • Mayan artifact found at the Joya de Cerén archaeological site
    Mayan artifact found at theJoya de Cerén archaeological site
  • Late Classic Maya bowl, El Copador style, El Salvador.
    Late Classic Maya bowl, El Copador style, El Salvador.
  • Late Postclassic ceramic vessel from El Salvador, with face decoration. 1200–1520 AD.
    Late Postclassic ceramic vessel from El Salvador, with face decoration. 1200–1520 AD.
  • Late Classic Maya vessel from El Salvador, 600–900 AD
    Late Classic Maya vessel from El Salvador, 600–900 AD
  • Late Classic Maya plate, El Salvador.
    Late Classic Maya plate, El Salvador.
  • Late Classic Maya bowl from El Salvador.
    Late Classic Maya bowl from El Salvador.
  • Tazumal's Xipe Totec.
    Tazumal's Xipe Totec.
Typical traditional indigenous houses,Ahuachapán

Historically El Salvador has had diverse Native American cultures, coming from the north and south of the continent along with local populations mixed together. El Salvador belongs to theMesoamerican region, where a myriad of indigenous societies have lived side by side for centuries with their unique cultures and speaking differentindigenous languages of the Americas in the beginning of theFormative stage.[6][7][8]

Evidence ofOlmec civilization presence in western El Salvador can be found in the ruin sites ofChalchuapa in theAhuachapan Department on boulders in Chalchuapa portraying Olmec warriors with helmets identical to those found on theOlmec colossal heads. This suggest that the area was once an Olmec enclave, before fading away for unknown reasons. The Olmecs are believed to have lived in present-day El Salvador as early as 2000 BC in the beginning of preclassic period. The 'Olmec Boulder, ' is a sculpture of a giant head found nearCasa Blanca, El Salvador site in Las Victorias near Chalchuapa. "Olmecoid" figurines, such as thePotbelly sculpture, have been found through this area, in fact most are described as looking primeval proto-Olmeca. In the end of middle preclassic, by 650 BC, this culture would be replaced by the Maya.[6][7][8]

TheLenca people are an indigenous people of eastern El Salvador where population today is estimated at about 37,000. The Lenca was a matriarchal society and was one of thefirst civilizations to develop in El Salvador and were the first major civilization in the country. The pre-ConquestSalvadoran Lenca had frequent contact with various Maya groups as well as other indigenous peoples of Central America. The origin of Lenca populations has been a source of ongoing debate amongst anthropologists and historians. Throughout the regions of Lenca occupation, Lenca pottery is a very distinguishable form ofPre-Columbian art. Handcrafted by Lenca women, Lenca pottery is considered an ethnic marking of their culture. Some scholars have suggested that the Lenca migrated to the Central American region from South America around 3,000 years ago, making it the oldest civilization in El Salvador. Guancasco is the annual ceremony by which Lenca communities, usually two, gather to establish reciprocal obligations in order to confirm peace and friendship.Quelepa is a major site in eastern El Salvador. Its pottery shows strong similarities to ceramics found in central western El Salvador and the Maya highlands. The Lenca sites of Yarumela, Los Naranjos in Honduras, and Quelepa in El Salvador, all contain evidence of theUsulután-style ceramics.

TheCacaopera people are an indigenous people in El Salvador who are also known as the Matagalpa or Ulua. Cacaopera people spoke theCacaopera language, aMisumalpan language. Cacaopera is an extinct language belonging to the Misumalpan family, formerly spoken in the department of Morazán in El Salvador. It was closely related to Matagalpa, and slightly more distantly to Sumo, but was geographically separated from otherMisumalpan languages.

TheXinca people, also known as the Xinka, are a non-Mayan indigenous people of Mesoamerica, with communities in the western part of El Salvador near its border. The Xinka may have been among the earliest inhabitants of western El Salvador, predating the arrival of the Maya and the Pipil. The Xinca ethnic group became extinct in the Mestizo process.

El Salvador has twoMaya groups, thePoqomam people and theCh'orti' people. The Poqomam are a Maya people in western El Salvador near its border. Their indigenous language is also called Poqomam. The Ch'orti' people (alternatively, Ch'orti' Maya or Chorti) are one of the indigenous Maya peoples, who primarily reside in communities and towns of northern El Salvador. The Maya once dominated the entire western portion of El Salvador, up until the eruption of thelake ilopango super volcano. Mayan ruins are the most widely conserved in El Salvador and artifacts such asMaya ceramicsMesoamerican writing systemsMesoamerican calendars andMesoamerican ballgame can be found in all Maya ruins in El Salvador which includeTazumal,San Andrés, El Salvador,Casa Blanca, El Salvador,Cihuatán, andJoya de Cerén.

The Mangue people, also known as Chorotega, spoke theMangue language, a now-extinctOto-Manguean language. They occupied land near the eastern El Salvador border, near the gulf.

ThePipil people are an indigenous people who live in western El Salvador. Their language is called Nahuat or Pipil, related to the Toltec people of theNahua peoples and were speakers of early Nahuatl languages. However, in general, their mythology is more closely related to theMaya mythology, who are their near neighbors and by oral tradition said to have been adopted by Ch'orti' and Poqomam Mayan people during the Pipil exodus in the 9th century CE. The culture lasted until the Spanish conquest, at which time they still maintained their Nawat language, despite being surrounded by the Maya in western El Salvador. By the time the Spanish arrived, Pipil and Poqomam Maya settlements were interspersed throughout western El Salvador. The Pipil are known as the last indigenous civilization to arrive in El Salvador, being the least oldest and were a determined people who stoutly resisted Spanish efforts to extend their dominion southward. The Pipil are direct descendants of the Toltecs, but not of the Aztecs.

Spanish conquest (1522)

[edit]
Andrés Niño's route expeditions (1519, 1522 and 1524).

By 1521, the indigenous population of the Mesoamerican area had been drastically reduced by thesmallpox epidemic that was spreading throughout the territory, although it had not yet reached pandemic levels in Cuzcatlán or the northern portion Managuara.[9][10][11] The first known visit by Spaniards to what is now Salvadoran territory was made by the admiralAndrés Niño, who led an expedition to Central America. He disembarked in theGulf of Fonseca on 31 May 1522, atMeanguera island, naming it Petronila,[12] and then traversed toJiquilisco Bay on the mouth ofLempa River. The first indigenous people to have contact with the Spanish were the Lenca of eastern El Salvador.

Growth of the population

[edit]

El Salvador has the largest population density inLatin America, and is the third most populated country inCentral America afterHonduras andGuatemala, from the 2005 census, the population exceeds 6 million. The total impact of civil wars, dictatorships and socioeconomics drove over a million Salvadorans (both as immigrants and refugees) into theUnited States;Guatemala is the second country that hosts more Salvadorans behind theUnited States, approximately 110,000 Salvadorans according to the national census of 2010.[13] in addition small Salvadoran communities sprung up inCanada,Australia,Belize,Panama,Costa Rica,Italy, andSweden since the migration trend began in the early 1970s.[14]

Salvadoran Diaspora in the United States

[edit]

The 2010 U.S. Census counted 1,648,968 Salvadorans in the United States, up from 655,165 in 2000.[15] By 2017, the figure had risen to over 2.3 million.[16] According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2015 American Community Survey,[17] the topMetropolitan statistical areas for the Salvadoran community are:

RankMetropolitan statistical areaSalvadorans - Estimated
1Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA MSA447,788
2Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV MSA288,262
3New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA MSA236,892
4Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX MSA169,935
5San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA MSA85,589
6Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX MSA75,536
7Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA MSA54,617
8Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH MSA44,995
9Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL MSA38,026
10Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV MSA32,070
11Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta, GA MSA27,888
12Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD MSA23,464
13Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC MSA18,822
14San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA MSA15,314
15Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI MSA13,920

Salvadoran-American diaspora over time:

Total population
(x 1000)
Proportion
aged 0–14
(%)
Proportion
aged 15–64
(%)
Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
19502 20042.753.34.0
19552 43343.652.63.8
19602 77345.151.13.7
19653 24446.350.13.7
19703 73646.449.93.6
19754 23245.850.53.7
19804 66145.250.93.9
19855 00444.151.84.2
19905 34441.753.74.6
19955 74839.655.54.9
20005 95938.356.25.5
20056 07335.758.16.2
20106 21832.161.06.9

Ethnic groups

[edit]

White and Mestizo Salvadorans

[edit]
Salvadoran children from Metapán
Painting of theFirst Independence Movement celebration in San Salvador, El Salvador
Salvadorans celebrating independence day parade.

As is the case elsewhere inLatin America, there is no clear distinction between White and Mestizo Salvadorans, the large majority of the population have varying proportions ofSpanish andNative American ancestry. In addition, many Salvadorans have more recent ancestry fromFrench,German,Swiss,English,Irish, andItalian descent. A majority ofCentral European settlers in El Salvador arrived during World War II as refugees from theCzech Republic,Germany,Hungary,Poland, andSwitzerland. In northern departments like theChalatenango Department, it is well known that residents in the area are of pure Spanish descent. The governor of San Salvador,Francisco Luis Héctor de Carondelet, ordered families from northern Spain (Galicia andAsturias) to settle the area to compensate for the lack of indigenous people to work the land; it is not uncommon to see people with blond hair, fair skin, and blue or green eyes in municipalities likeDulce Nombre de María,La Palma, andEl Pital. However, the majority of Salvadorans of full Spanish descent possess Mediterranean racial features: olive skin and dark hair and eyes (black or dark brown) and identify with themestizo majority, As for the mestizo / castizo population, it dates back to the time of the discovery of America, Because there were no Spanish women, the Spaniards maintained relationships with Amerindian women, before the discovery, El Salvador was the second Central American country with the least indigenous population, and due to the hostility of the Spanish and added to the diseases brought by them, the population was greatly reduced and precipitously, the Amerindian men were more affected than the Amerindian women, in the first years of the colony, 50% of the population Salvadoran was Mestizo and White, in 1805, 78% of the inhabitants of El Salvador were Mestizo and White.[18][19][20][21]

Later, in the post-colonial era, the country received several groups of European immigrants, mainly from Spain and Italy, mainly between 1880 and 1930, when several Europeans emigrated to the country, immigration had a great demographic impact, the population of El Salvador went from 480 thousand to 1.2 million inhabitants[22][23][24][25]

Arab Salvadorans

[edit]
Arab Salvadorans includePalestinian Salvadoran, Lebanese Salvadoran, Syrian Salvadoran and Egyptian Salvadoran.

There is a significant with at least partial Arab descent (of about 200,000);[26] mostly fromPalestine (especially from the area ofBethlehem), but also from Lebanon.Salvadorans of Palestinian descent numbered around 150,000 individuals, while Salvadorans ofLebanese descent is around 30,000.[27] There is also a small community ofJews who came to El Salvador from France, Germany,Morocco,Tunisia, andTurkey.

Arab immigration in El Salvador began at the end of the 19th century in the wake of the repressive policies applied by theOttoman Empire againstMaronite Catholics. Several of the destinations that the Lebanese chose at that time were in countries of the Americas, including El Salvador. This resulted in the Arab diaspora residents being characterized by forging in devoutly Christian families and very attached to their beliefs, because in these countries they can exercise their faith without fear of persecution, which resulted in the rise of Lebanese-Salvadoran, Syrian-Salvadoran and Palestinian-Salvadoran communities in El Salvador.[28]

Currently, thePalestinian community forms the largest Arab diaspora population in El Salvador, with 150,000 direct descendants, followed by theLebanese community with more than 30,000 direct descendants. Both are almost entirely composed ofCatholic andOrthodox Christians.[29]

Inter-ethnic marriage in the Lebanese community with Salvadorans, regardless of religious affiliation, is very high; most have only one father with Lebanese nationality and mother of Salvadoran nationality. As a result, some of them speak Arabic fluently. But most, especially among younger generations, speak Spanish as a first language and Arabic as a second.[30]

Arab-Salvadoreans and their descendants have traditionally played an outsized role in El Salvador's economic and political life, with many becoming business leaders and noteworthy political figures.

Indigenous Salvadorans

[edit]
Map of El Salvador's Indigenous Peoples at the time of theSpanish conquest: 1.Pipil people, 2.Lenca people, 3.Kakawira o Cacaopera, 4.Xinca, 5.MayaCh'orti' people, 6.MayaPoqomam people, 7.Mangue o Chorotega.
Indigenous Salvadoran woman fromPanchimalco
Salvadoran school children singing national anthem

According to the Salvadoran Government, about 1.1% of the population are of full or predominantly indigenous origin. Currently the only native groups of El Salvador are the Pipil people, Lenca people and Cacaopera people; before the Spanish Conquest, the territory also hosted small enclaves ofMaya peoples: thePogomam/Chorti, theXinca, and theMengue. ThePipil are located in the west and central part of the country; theLenca are found east of theLempa River; and there are small populations ofCacaopera people in theMorazán Department.[31][7][8]

The official number of indigenous people in El Salvador has been criticized by indigenous organizations and academics as too small and many accuse the government of denying the existence of indigenous Salvadorans in the country.[32] According to the National Salvadoran Indigenous Coordination Council (CCNIS) and CONCULTURA (National Council for Art and Culture at the Ministry of Education), approximately 70,000 or 1 per cent of Salvadorian peoples are indigenous.[33] Nonetheless, very few Amerindians have retained their customs and traditions, having over time assimilated into the dominant Mestizo/Spanish culture. The low numbers of indigenous people may be partly explained by historically high rates of old-world diseases, absorption into the mestizo population, as well as mass murder during the1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising (orLa Matanza). This massacre saw (estimates of) up to 30,000peasants killed in a short period of time. Many authors note that sinceLa Matanza the indigenous in El Salvador have been very reluctant to describe themselves as such (in census declarations for example) or to wear indigenous dress or be seen to be taking part in any cultural activities or customs that might be understood as indigenous.[34] Departments and cities in the country with notable indigenous populations includeSonsonate (especiallyIzalco,Nahuizalco, andSanto Domingo de Guzmán),Cacaopera, andPanchimalco, in theSan Salvador Department.[33]

Other

[edit]

In the 2007 census, 0.7% of the population was considered as "other".[35]There are up to 100,000Nicaraguans living in El Salvador.[36]

Language

[edit]
  • El Salvador was home to Mayan Script
    El Salvador was home to Mayan Script

Spanish is the language spoken by virtually all inhabitants.Spanish (official),Salvadoran Sign Language,Pipil (Nawat),Kekchí. Immigrant languages includeChinese,Arabic,Poqomam, andAmerican Sign Language.[37]

Literacy

[edit]
definition: age 10 and over can read and write
total: 95.0%[38]
male: 94.4%
female: 95.5%
urban: 97.2%
rural: 91.8%

Religion

[edit]
Main article:Religion in El Salvador
Religious background in El Salvador
ReligionPercent
Roman Catholic
47%
ProtestantEvangelical
33%
None
17%
Other
3%
The iconic Jesus statueMonumento al Divino Salvador del Mundo, a landmark located in the country's capital, San Salvador.

There is diversity of religious beliefs in El Salvador. The majority of the population isChristian.[39]Roman Catholics (47%) andEvangelicals (33%) are the two major denominations in the country.[3] Those not affiliated with any religious group amount to 17% of the population.[3] The remainder of the population (3%) is made up ofJehovah's Witnesses,Hare Krishnas,Muslims,Jews,Buddhists,Latter-day Saints, and those adhering to indigenous religious beliefs.[3]

Culture

[edit]
Main article:Culture of El Salvador

Theculture of El Salvador is aCentral American culture nation influenced by the clash of ancientMesoamerica and medievalIberian Peninsula.Salvadoran culture is influenced byNative American culture (Lenca people,Cacaopera people,Maya peoples,Pipil people) as well asLatin American culture (Latin America,Hispanic America,Ibero-America).Mestizo culture and theCatholic Church dominates the country. Although theRomance language,CastilianSpanish, is the official and dominant language spoken in El Salvador,Salvadoran Spanish which is part ofCentral American Spanish has influences ofNative American languages of El Salvador such asLencan languages,Cacaopera language,Mayan languages andPipil language, which are still spoken in some regions of El Salvador

Mestizo culture dominates the country, heavy in both Native American Indigenous and European Spanish influences. A new composite population was formed as a result of intermarrying between the nativeMesoamerican population of Cuzcatlan with the European settlers. TheCatholic Church plays an important role in the Salvadoran culture.ArchbishopÓscar Romero is a national hero for his role in resisting human rights violations that were occurring in the lead-up to the Salvadoran Civil War.[40] Significant foreign personalities in El Salvador were theJesuit priests and professorsIgnacio Ellacuría,Ignacio Martín-Baró, andSegundo Montes, who were murdered in 1989 by the Salvadoran Army during the height of the civil war.

Painting, ceramics and textiles are the principal manual artistic mediums. WritersFrancisco Gavidia (1863–1955),Salarrué (Salvador Salazar Arrué) (1899–1975),Claudia Lars,Alfredo Espino,Pedro Geoffroy Rivas,Manlio Argueta,José Roberto Cea, and poetRoque Dalton are among the most important writers from El Salvador. Notable 20th-century personages include the late filmmaker Baltasar Polio, female film directorPatricia Chica, artistFernando Llort, andcaricaturistToño Salazar.

Amongst the more renowned representatives of the graphic arts are the paintersAugusto Crespin,Noe Canjura,Carlos Cañas,Giovanni Gil, Julia Díaz, Mauricio Mejía, María Elena Palomo de Mejía,Camilo Minero, Ricardo Carbonell, Roberto Huezo, Miguel Ángel Cerna, (the painter and writer better known as MACLo), Esael Araujo, and many others. For more information on prominent citizens of El Salvador, check theList of Salvadorans.

Notable Salvadoran people

[edit]
  • Emerson Hernández is a Salvadorean race walker.
    Emerson Hernández is a Salvadorean race walker.
  • Darwin Cerén is a Salvadoran footballer who plays for the Major League Soccer club San Jose Earthquakes and is captain of the El Salvador national team
    Darwin Cerén is a Salvadoran footballer who plays for the Major League Soccer club San Jose Earthquakes and is captain of the El Salvador national team
  • Arturo Álvarez (footballer, born 1985) is a Salvadoran American footballer who plays as a winger and forward for Major League Soccer club Chicago Fire
    Arturo Álvarez (footballer, born 1985) is a Salvadoran American footballer who plays as a winger and forward for Major League Soccer club Chicago Fire
  • Dustin Corea is a Salvadoran international footballer who plays for FC Edmonton.
    Dustin Corea is a Salvadoran international footballer who plays for FC Edmonton.
  • Eriq Zavaleta is an American soccer player who plays as a center back for Toronto FC of Major League Soccer.
    Eriq Zavaleta is an American soccer player who plays as a center back for Toronto FC of Major League Soccer.
  • Steve Purdy is a Salvadoran American footballer who plays as a defender for Orange County Blues in the USL. He has played for the El Salvador national team at the CONCACAF Gold Cup in 2011 and 2013.
    Steve Purdy is a Salvadoran American footballer who plays as a defender for Orange County Blues in the USL. He has played for the El Salvador national team at the CONCACAF Gold Cup in 2011 and 2013.
  • Ed Weeks is an English actor, comedian, writer and producer. He played Dr. Jeremy Reed on the Fox comedy series The Mindy Project. Born and raised in England, his mother is a native of El Salvador[41][42]
    Ed Weeks is an English actor, comedian, writer and producer. He played Dr. Jeremy Reed on the Fox comedy seriesThe Mindy Project. Born and raised in England, his mother is a native of El Salvador[41][42]
  • Marcelo Arévalo is a professional Salvadoran tennis player
    Marcelo Arévalo is a professional Salvadoran tennis player
  • Jaime Alas is a Salvadoran professional footballer
    Jaime Alas is a Salvadoran professional footballer
  • Rodolfo Zelaya is a Salvadoran professional footballer
    Rodolfo Zelaya is a Salvadoran professional footballer
  • Rafael Burgos is a Salvadoran professional forward
    Rafael Burgos is a Salvadoran professional forward
  • Andrés Flores is a Salvadoran professional footballer, who plays for the Portland Timbers in Major League Soccer.
    Andrés Flores is a Salvadoran professional footballer, who plays for thePortland Timbers inMajor League Soccer.
  • Cristian Roldan is an American professional soccer player, who currently plays as a midfielder for Seattle Sounders FC in Major League Soccer
    Cristian Roldan is an American professional soccer player, who currently plays as a midfielder forSeattle Sounders FC inMajor League Soccer
  • Marcos Villatoro is a writer from the United States. He is the author of six novels, two collections of poetry and a memoir, and the producer/director of the documentary “Tamale Road: A Memoir from El Salvador.”
    Marcos Villatoro is a writer from the United States. He is the author of six novels, two collections of poetry and a memoir, and the producer/director of the documentary “Tamale Road: A Memoir from El Salvador.”
  • Nayib Bukele is a Salvadoran politician and businessman
    Nayib Bukele is a Salvadoran politician and businessman
  • Guillermo Hasbún, president of CIFCO
    Guillermo Hasbún, president of CIFCO
  • Mario Durán, minister of governance
    Mario Durán, minister of governance
  • Mustafa Al-Salvadori, president of the shia islamic association
    Mustafa Al-Salvadori, president of the shia islamic association
  • Francisco Rubio (astronaut) is a US Army helicopter pilot, flight surgeon, and NASA astronaut candidate of the class of 2017.
    Francisco Rubio (astronaut) is a US Army helicopter pilot, flight surgeon, and NASA astronaut candidate of the class of 2017.
  • Mauricio Interiano is a Salvadoran politician
    Mauricio Interiano is a Salvadoran politician
  • José Atilio Benítez Parada is Salvadoran General, ambassador and former Minister of Defense.
    José Atilio Benítez Parada is Salvadoran General, ambassador and former Minister of Defense.
  • Roberto José d'Aubuisson Munguía is a Salvadoran politician
    Roberto José d'Aubuisson Munguía is a Salvadoran politician
  • Juan Jose Daboub is the chairman and CEO of The Daboub Partnership, Founding Chief Executive Officer of the Global Adaptation Institute and former managing director of the World Bank (2006–2010)
    Juan Jose Daboub is the chairman and CEO of The Daboub Partnership, Founding Chief Executive Officer of the Global Adaptation Institute and former managing director of the World Bank (2006–2010)
  • Mauricio Funes is a Salvadoran politician who was President of El Salvador from June 1, 2009 to June 1, 2014
    Mauricio Funes is a Salvadoran politician who was President of El Salvador from June 1, 2009 to June 1, 2014
  • Miguel Ángel Pereira, politician
    Miguel Ángel Pereira, politician
  • José Luis Escobar Alas, Archbishop of San Salvador
    José Luis Escobar Alas, Archbishop of San Salvador
  • Luciana Sandoval is a Salvadoran presenter, dancer and former model.
    Luciana Sandoval is a Salvadoran presenter, dancer and former model.
  • Monica Lewinsky's father Bernard Lewinsky was born in San Salvador, El Salvador, Central America
  • Ana Villafañe is an actress and singer
    Ana Villafañe is an actress and singer
  • Adrian Bellani is an actor
    Adrian Bellani is an actor
  • J. D. Pardo is an actor
    J. D. Pardo is an actor
  • Francisco Caceres is a TV host and producer. He's currently the Film Expert for Telemundo’s national morning show, Un Nuevo Día based in Miami, Florida
    Francisco Caceres is a TV host and producer. He's currently the Film Expert for Telemundo’s national morning show, Un Nuevo Día based in Miami, Florida
  • Maurice Benard is an actor who is well known for playing Sonny Corinthos on the ABC soap opera General Hospital.
    Maurice Benard is an actor who is well known for playingSonny Corinthos on the ABC soap opera General Hospital.
  • Linda Arsenio is an actress and model
    Linda Arsenio is an actress and model
  • Malin Arvidsson is an actor and dancer
    Malin Arvidsson is an actor and dancer
  • Somaya Reece is a Salvadoran American hip hop and reality TV star
    Somaya Reece is a Salvadoran American hip hop and reality TV star
  • Christy Turlington is an American supermodel. Her mother is from El Salvador. She first represented Calvin Klein's Eternity campaign in 1989 and again in 2014 and also represents Maybelline.
    Christy Turlington is an American supermodel. Her mother is from El Salvador. She first represented Calvin Klein's Eternity campaign in 1989 and again in 2014 and also represents Maybelline.
  • Zuleika Soler, model and beauty pageant titleholder
    Zuleika Soler, model and beauty pageant titleholder
  • Sabi (singer) is a Salvadoran-American pop singer, songwriter, dancer and actress from Los Angeles, California. She was formerly part of the hip hop girl group, The Bangz. She is currently signed to Warner Bros. Records.
    Sabi (singer) is a Salvadoran-American pop singer, songwriter, dancer and actress from Los Angeles, California. She was formerly part of the hip hop girl group, The Bangz. She is currently signed to Warner Bros. Records.
  • Ana Yancy Clavel is a Salvadorian beauty queen and TV personality
    Ana Yancy Clavel is a Salvadorian beauty queen and TV personality
  • Carla Vila is a Salvadoran American actress
    Carla Vila is a Salvadoran American actress
  • Elizabeth Espinosa reporter and journalist
    Elizabeth Espinosa reporter and journalist
  • Fernando del Valle is an American operatic tenor.
    Fernando del Valle is an American operatic tenor.
  • Allison Iraheta is an American singer from Los Angeles, California, who was the fourth place finalist on the eighth season of American Idol.
    Allison Iraheta is an American singer from Los Angeles, California, who was the fourth place finalist on the eighth season of American Idol.
  • Victor R. Ramirez is the current state senator for District 47 in Prince George's County, Maryland
    Victor R. Ramirez is the current state senator for District 47 in Prince George's County, Maryland
  • J. R. Martinez is an American actor, motivational speaker and former U.S. Army soldier. Starting in 2008, he played the role of Brot Monroe on the ABC daytime drama All My Children. He is the winner of Season 13 of ABC's Dancing with the Stars. Martinez served as the Grand Marshal of the 2012 Rose Parade. He is currently costarring on the syndicated action series SAF3.
    J. R. Martinez is an American actor, motivational speaker and former U.S. Army soldier. Starting in 2008, he played the role of Brot Monroe on the ABC daytime drama All My Children. He is the winner of Season 13 of ABC's Dancing with the Stars. Martinez served as the Grand Marshal of the 2012 Rose Parade. He is currently costarring on the syndicated action series SAF3.
  • Markos Moulitsas is a Salvadoran American that served in the U.S. Army from 1989 through 1992. He is the founder and publisher of Daily Kos, a blog focusing on liberal and Democratic Party politics in the United States. He co-founded SB Nation, a collection of sports blogs, which is now a part of Vox Media
    Markos Moulitsas is a Salvadoran American that served in the U.S. Army from 1989 through 1992. He is the founder and publisher of Daily Kos, a blog focusing on liberal and Democratic Party politics in the United States. He co-founded SB Nation, a collection of sports blogs, which is now a part of Vox Media
  • Carlos Irigoyen Ruiz was a renowned Salvadoran musician during the 1920s-1940s.
    Carlos Irigoyen Ruiz was a renowned Salvadoran musician during the 1920s-1940s.
  • Evelyn García is a Salvadoran cycle racer who rides for the Fenixs team.
    Evelyn García is a Salvadoran cycle racer who rides for the Fenixs team.
  • Herbert Sosa is a Salvadoran professional footballer.
    Herbert Sosa is a Salvadoran professional footballer.
  • Ricardo Saprissa was a lifelong athlete, coach, and promoter of sports.
    Ricardo Saprissa was a lifelong athlete, coach, and promoter of sports.
  • Rosemary Casals is a former American professional tennis player
    Rosemary Casals is a former American professional tennis player
  • Richard Menjívar is a Salvadoran international footballer currently playing for the New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League.
    Richard Menjívar is a Salvadoran international footballer currently playing for the New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League.
  • Edwin Miranda grew up in Los Angeles, California and played four years of college soccer at Cal State-Northridge, where he was twice named Big West Conference Defender of the Year.
    Edwin Miranda grew up in Los Angeles, California and played four years of college soccer at Cal State-Northridge, where he was twice named Big West Conference Defender of the Year.
  • Hala Ayala is an cybersecurity specialist and democrat politician representing the 51st district in the Virginia House of Delegates.
    Hala Ayala is an cybersecurity specialist and democrat politician representing the 51st district in the Virginia House of Delegates.
  • Maribel Arrieta Gálvez was a Salvadoran beauty queen where she represented her country at Miss Universe 1955. Arrieta met Baron Jacques Thuret (of Belgian/French nobility) and both were married in 1963, granting her the title "Baronesa de Thuret".
    Maribel Arrieta Gálvez was a Salvadoran beauty queen where she represented her country at Miss Universe 1955. Arrieta met Baron Jacques Thuret (of Belgian/French nobility) and both were married in 1963, granting her the title "Baronesa de Thuret".

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toPeople of El Salvador.

References

[edit]
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  2. ^"B03001 HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY SPECIFIC ORIGIN - United States - 2022 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates".U.S. Census Bureau. July 1, 2023. RetrievedJanuary 3, 2024.
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  4. ^Ethnic Groups of the Americas: An Encyclopedia. p. 325.
  5. ^ab"Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision".Esa.un.org. Archived fromthe original on 6 May 2011. Retrieved15 October 2017.
  6. ^abSharer, Robert J. (1978).The Prehistory of Chalchuapa, El Salvador. Vol. I. The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
  7. ^abcFowler, William (1995).Antiguas civilizaciónes. Banco Agrícola.
  8. ^abcMinisterio de Educación (2009).Historia de El Salvador.
  9. ^Stephanie True Peters (2005).Smallpox in the New World. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 13–18.ISBN 978-0-7614-1637-1.
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  11. ^Explorer's Guide El Salvador: A Great Destination. Countryman Press. 4 October 2010. p. 36.ISBN 978-1-58157-114-1.
  12. ^Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés (28 August 2006).Writing from the edge of the world: the memoirs of Darién, 1514–1527. University of Alabama Press. p. 164.ISBN 978-0-8173-1518-4.
  13. ^"Institución".Ine.gob.gt. Retrieved15 October 2017.
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  16. ^"US Census Bureau 2017 American Community Survey B03001 1-Year Estimates HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY SPECIFIC ORIGIN".Factfinder.census.gov. Archived fromthe original on February 13, 2020. RetrievedOctober 11, 2018.
  17. ^"B05002 - PLACE OF BIRTH BY NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP STATUS".US Census Data Explorer. US Census Bureau. Retrieved3 December 2021.
  18. ^Erquicia, José Heriberto.""En este mestizaje, hay tres grandes raíces fundamentales: La indígena, la negra y la española": José Heriberto Erquicia".Ministerio de Cultura. Retrieved1 July 2021.
  19. ^Meléndez Obando, Mauricio."Las castas en Hispanoamérica".Nacion.com. Archived fromthe original on 28 December 2020. Retrieved24 July 2021.
  20. ^Newson, Linda (1999).El Costo de la Conquista.
  21. ^"Historia 1"(PDF).mined.gob.sv. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 28 May 2022. Retrieved24 July 2021.
  22. ^Ferrer, Jorge (6 September 2003)."Españoles en El Salvador a fines del siglo XIX y principios del Siglo XX". Retrieved24 July 2021.
  23. ^Colombo, Alessandra (10 July 2003)."La storia degli italiani in El Salvador". Retrieved24 July 2021.
  24. ^Gomez, Moisés."Ser extranjero en Centroamérica. Génesis y evolución de las leyes de extranjería y migración en El Salvador: siglos XIX y XX".researchgate.net. Retrieved24 July 2021.
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  26. ^Zielger, Matthew."El Salvador: Central American Palestine of the West?".The Daily Star. Retrieved27 May 2015.
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  28. ^"AJ Plus: The Palestinians of El Salvador".latinx.com. May 29, 2019. Archived fromthe original on November 13, 2019. RetrievedNovember 19, 2019.
  29. ^"Why So Many Palestinians Live in el Salvador | AJ+".
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  31. ^Amaroli, Paul (1992).Algunos grupos cerámicos pipiles en El Salvador.
  32. ^Ayala, Edgardo (14 May 2012)."Native People of El Salvador Finally Gain Recognition".Ipsnews.net. Retrieved20 January 2016.
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  40. ^Eaton, Helen-May (1991).The impact of the Archbishop Óscar Romero's alliance with the struggle for liberation of the Salvadoran people: A discussion of church-state relations (El Salvador) (M.A. thesis), Wilfrid Laurier University
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  42. ^"In Bed With Joan – Episode 9: Ed Weeks".YouTube. Retrieved24 August 2014.[dead YouTube link]
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