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Salpausselkä ridge systemAnimation about the formation of Salpauselkä
Salpausselkä (Finnish:[ˈsɑlpɑu̯sˌselkæ]; "Bar Ridge") is an extensiveridge system left by theice age in SouthernFinland. It is a largeterminal moraine formation that formed in front of theBaltic ice lake during theYounger Dryas period about 12,250–10,400 years ago.[1] All together the formation is close to 500 km (310 mi) from end to end, and the ridges can be as tall as 80 m (260 ft) in some places.[1]
Salpausselkä has been used for transportation because of the easy terrain for centuries; later on both railways and highways have been built to follow it. It is also an important source of cleangroundwater filtering from the lakes on the upper side (north) of the ridge, for the communities built alongside the ridge. The south side of the Salpausselkä has been inhabited for more than 10,000 years.
There are also formations calledSecond and Third Salpausselkä, which are similar in form but smaller. They are situated north of the main Salpausselkä, and were formed later respectively.