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Sadashivgad orSadashivagada is a village located inKarwar,Uttara Kannada district, in the state ofKarnataka inIndia. Significant and picturesque, it is now a popular tourist destination located by theKali river bridge, which has been built at the confluence of the river and the Arabian Sea.
The fort was built on an old fortified site on the north bank of Kali River where it meets the sea. It had about 8 meters high ramparts which were about 2 metres wide at the top. There were towers and openings for guns. The citadel was at the highest point. An outwork was on the west, near the sea at the base of the cliff and was appropriately calledPani Killa. There was another outwork on the eastern slope. The citadel had single arched gateway.
Samvargad was a very small fort, about 60 metres by 20 metres on top of a hillock east of Sadashivgad. It was a satellite fort guarding the former on its east and northeast. Very few ruins remain.
The fort was named Sadashivgad by Basavlingraj after his father Sadashivlingraj in 1715. They were chieftains ofSonda who assumed the title of 'Raja' after incorporating Chittakula, Simveshwar (Angadi),Kadra,Kadwad,Ankola and some other parts of Canara. The old Karwar fort was pulled down and its material used to build Sadashivgad.
Cintacora as known to thePortuguese was a very old port and was also known as Chitrakul(Chittakula) and Sindpur. When Sadashivgad was built in this area, the village also came to be known by that name.
A fort existed at Cintacora which was captured and burnt by the Portuguese in 1510. They called it Pir fort due to theMuslimDargah (tomb of a Sufi saint Shah Karamuddin) they found there - and was known inPortuguese asForte de Piro or Pito.
The creek at the mouth of the Kali River was a trading center from early days. It came into greater prominence after Sadashivgad was built and the Portuguese realized the advantages of its sheltered harbor.
In 1638 a rival English trading body, theCourteen Association, established a factory at Karwar.Muslin was the chief commodity purchased but Karwar was also a source forpepper,cardamom, cassier and coarse blue cotton cloth. Situated on India's west coast, 50 miles south-east ofGoa, Karwar was noted for its safe harbour. In 1649 the Courteen Association united with the Company and Karwar became a Company factory.
Having marched fromBednore in the south, visiting on his way the sacred temple atGokarna,Shivaji seizedAnkola and the next day came toKarwar (then known as Kadwad).[1] Both theEast India Company and Sher Shah, the sardar ofBijapur, were very much alarmed at this sudden development. They collected huge amount and offering it to Shivaji, prayed that they may be spared. Satisfied at the recognition of his authority, Shivaji crossed the Kali River and conquered Sadashivgad on 21 February 1665;
Owing to the hostility of the Raja ofSonda, the factory was closed in 1720 and was not reopened until 1750. War broke out in the meanwhile between the Portuguese and the Raja of Sonda. The Raja of Sonda had helped the English establish a factory in Karwar. This was not liked by the Portuguese. In May 1752 the Portuguese sent a fleet and captured the Sonda fort, Sadashivgad but was given back on restoration of peace when the Portuguese were allowed to build a fort atBhatkal. The Portuguese claimed the monopoly of the Karwar trade and as they were in a position to enforce their claim, the English agent was withdrawn.
It passed on toTipu Sultan in 1793 and finally to theEast India Company in 1799 after theBattle of Seringapatam in which Tipu died.
The fort is in ruins as most of it was pulled down byEast India Company Brigadier-GeneralRichard Matthews in 1783. A road now runs between it and its satellite fort Samvargad.
Midway on the Sadashivagad hill is the many centuries oldShantadurga Temple, known for its serenity. From the peak of the hill people view the Sun setting in theArabian Sea. The 17th century Dargah also attracts a lot of Muslim pilgrims.
At a distance of approximately 2 km northwards a village lies by name Shiveshvar which got Fortress Kot Shiveshvar (mentioned in theMangalore treaty between Tipu Sultan and the East India Company, as well as in earlier historical accounts) built exclusively for guarding the northern borders of Canara. It was built by the Bijapur Sultanate and subsequently its fortunes were connected to the Sadashivgad Fort. This fort is in a shambles but the eastern gate, a Muslim graveyard, well and tunnel can still be seen.
Another important village is Kadwad situated on the banks of tributary of the Kali River, from which the name 'Karwar' has been derived. At this location the British used to have a factory and it was an important trade port in earlier days. It also had a large Muslim population and a larger mosque which was frequented by traders from Arabia and Africa.
The National HighwayNH-66 continues on a bridge built over Kali River and the road splits the Sadashivgad granite hill to connect Karnataka to Goa.
The closest railway stations areKarwar andAsnoti; though transport facilities are better available at the larger station of Karwar.
Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) buses as well as Goa state ownedKadamba Transport Corporation buses ply regularly on theNH-66. Apart from State transport, a number of private operators run their bus services on the same route.
14°51′15″N74°07′54″E / 14.8542680°N 74.1316562°E /14.8542680; 74.1316562