Sabinov | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Coordinates:49°07′N21°05′E / 49.11°N 21.09°E /49.11; 21.09 | |
| Country |  Slovakia |
| Region |  Prešov Region |
| District | Sabinov District |
| First mentioned | 1248 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Peter Molčan |
| Area | |
• Total | 23.38 km2 (9.03 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 333 m (1,093 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 12,187 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 830 1[2] |
| Area code | +421 51[2] |
| Car plate | SB |
| Website | www |
Sabinov (Latin:Сibinium,Hungarian:Kisszeben,German:Zeben) is a small town located in thePrešov Region (north-easternSlovakia), approximately 20 km fromPrešov and 55 km fromKošice. The population of Sabinov is 12,700.
The name apparently comes from some shortenedSlavic personal name, e.g.Soba,Sobin,Sobina (probably a short form ofSoběslav).[4] In Poland, there are documented personal namesSoba,Zoba,Sobien (Soben orSobin),Sobon (Soboń) and medieval village namesSzebne,Szobniow. In the Czech Republic,Sobyn,Sobień,Soběn and medieval village namesSobyenow,Sobíňov,Soběnov. The theory about the origin in a personal name is supported also by the common Slavic possessive suffix-ov preserved in later documents. The namesZob,Zoba,Zobas were used also in theKingdom of Hungary in the 12th-13th century, but they may not be related to Soběslav and could be also of Hungarian origin.[5]
As legend has it, the name derives from the daughter of the landlord ofTharkveley calledSzabina who would have been the wife ofAndrew II of Hungary, and the king built the city in remembrance of her.[6]
1299Scibinio, 1471Sabinov, 1518Kiss Zeben.[5]
The first written record about Sabinov is from the year 1248 (Sceben).[7] Sabinov was initially aSlovak village[8] untilGerman settlers (more specificallyZipsers) came in the middle of the 13th century.[8] In 1299 Sabinov received municipal privileges, and in 1405 it was declared afree royal town by kingSigismund, Holy Roman Emperor.[citation needed] In the 15th century Sabinov joined thePentapolitana, an alliance of five towns of northeasternKingdom of Hungary (Bardejov/Bártfa,Levoča/Lőcse,Košice/Kassa,Prešov/Eperjes and Sabinov/Kisszeben).[9] The 16th and 17th century was the era of Sabinov's development and economic growth followed by the years of recession.[citation needed] In 1740, an important secondary school was established by thePiarists.[citation needed] The history of Sabinov is very similar to the history of other towns in this region.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 6,470 | — |
| 1980 | 7,948 | +22.8% |
| 1991 | 10,657 | +34.1% |
| 2001 | 12,290 | +15.3% |
| 2011 | 12,710 | +3.4% |
| 2021 | 12,349 | −2.8% |
| Source: Censuses[10][11] | ||
According to the 1880 census, the town had 2,825 inhabitants, 2,088Slovaks (73.9%), 245Hungarians (8.7%), 412Germans (14.6%) and others.[12]
According to the 1910 census, the town had 3,288 inhabitants, 1,640Slovaks (49.9%), 1,168Hungarians (35.5%), 341Germans (10.4%), 120Romanians (3.6%), and others.[13]
According to the 2001 census, the town had 12,290 inhabitants. 90.62% of inhabitants wereSlovaks, 6.40%Roma, 0.48%Czechs, and 0.14%Rusyns. Most of the Hungarians andCarpathian-Germans were expelled after World War II and their houses confiscated in the "Slovakization" of Sabinov.[14][failed verification] The religious makeup was 70.48%Roman Catholics, 10.53%Greek Catholics, 5.14% people with no religious affiliation and 4.16%Lutherans.[14]
The acclaimed Czechoslovak film,The Shop on Main Street, which was shot in Sabinov during 1964, was awarded theAcademy Award for Best Foreign Language Film (of 1965) inSanta Monica, California in 1966. In 1967 the film's lead actress,Ida Kamińska, was nominated for theBest Actress in a Leading Role for her screen work in this motion picture. She and the lead actor,Jozef Kroner, were also honored at theCannes Film Festival in France for their roles in the film.
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