Theprotein domainSyntaxin 6 N terminal protein domain is a soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) found in endosomal transportvesicles. It is part of the family, of target SNAREs (t-SNAREs). It is a vital aid to exporting and importing cell cargo through a process calledcell trafficking. Its SNARE motif shows significanthomology to both syntaxin 1a and S25C, indicating similarity throughevolutionary conservation. Thestructure of the syntaxin 6N-terminal domain shows strong structural similarity with the N-terminal domains of syntaxin 1a, Sso1p, and Vam3p; despite a very low level of sequence similarity. SNARE functions essentially as a tether to hold the vesicle. The cytoplasmic regions of SNARE found on transport vesicles and target membranes interact, then a four-helix coiled coil forms. This links the cell membrane and vesicles together in such a way that it overcomes theenergetic barrier to fusing two lipid bilayers. This is the way cell cargo is exchanged. This particular entry focuses on the N-terminal domain of Syntaxin 6.[9]
Members of this entry, which are found in theamino terminus of various SNARE proteins, adopt astructure consisting of anantiparallel three-helix bundle. Their exact function has not been determined, though it is known that theyregulate the SNARE motif, as well as mediate variousprotein-protein interactions involved in membrane-transport.[10]
SNAREs play a vital role in the trafficking of cell cargo. The vesicles fuse to the cell membrane with the help of SNARE proteins. The SNARE motifs form afour-helix bundle that contributes to the fusion of two membranes. More specifically, the N-terminal domain bindsto the SNARE motif, and this intramolecular interaction decreases the rate of association with the partner SNARE. However the N terminal domain's function still remains to fully elucidated.[10]
^Martín-Martín B, Nabokina SM, Blasi J, Lazo PA, Mollinedo F (October 2000). "Involvement of SNAP-23 and syntaxin 6 in human neutrophil exocytosis".Blood.96 (7):2574–83.doi:10.1182/blood.V96.7.2574.PMID11001914.
Martín-Martín B, Nabokina SM, Blasi J, Lazo PA, Mollinedo F (October 2000). "Involvement of SNAP-23 and syntaxin 6 in human neutrophil exocytosis".Blood.96 (7):2574–83.doi:10.1182/blood.V96.7.2574.PMID11001914.
Kim BY, Ueda M, Kominami E, Akagawa K, Kohsaka S, Akazawa C (November 2003). "Identification of mouse Vps16 and biochemical characterization of mammalian class C Vps complex".Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.311 (3):577–82.doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.10.030.PMID14623309.
Huynh H, Bottini N, Williams S, Cherepanov V, Musumeci L, Saito K, et al. (September 2004). "Control of vesicle fusion by a tyrosine phosphatase".Nature Cell Biology.6 (9):831–9.doi:10.1038/ncb1164.PMID15322554.S2CID25311826.
