 | |
| Names | Space Transportation System-5 |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Communications satellites deployment |
| Operator | NASA |
| COSPAR ID | 1982-110A |
| SATCATno. | 13650 |
| Mission duration | 5 days, 2 hours, 14 minutes, 26 seconds |
| Distance travelled | 3,397,082 km (2,110,849 mi) |
| Orbits completed | 81 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Space Shuttle Columbia |
| Launch mass | 112,088 kg (247,112 lb) |
| Landing mass | 91,841 kg (202,475 lb) |
| Payload mass | 14,551 kg (32,079 lb) |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 4 |
| Members | |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | November 11, 1982, 11:19:00 (1982-11-11UTC11:19Z) UTC (7:19:00 am EST) |
| Launch site | Kennedy,LC-39A |
| Contractor | Rockwell International |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | November 16, 1982, 14:33:26 (1982-11-16UTC14:33:27Z) UTC (6:33:26 am PST) |
| Landing site | Edwards, Runway 22 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit[1] |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Perigee altitude | 294 km (183 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 317 km (197 mi) |
| Inclination | 28.50° |
| Period | 90.50 minutes |
 STS-5 mission patch  From left:Allen,Brand,Overmyer andLenoir | |
STS-5 was the fifthNASASpace Shuttle mission and the fifth flight of theSpace ShuttleColumbia. It launched on November 11, 1982, and landed five days later on November 16, 1982. STS-5 was the first Space Shuttle mission to deploycommunications satellites into orbit, and the first officially "operational" Space Shuttle mission.
| Position | Astronaut | |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | Vance D. Brand Second spaceflight | |
| Pilot | Robert F. Overmyer First spaceflight | |
| Mission Specialist 1 | Joseph P. Allen First spaceflight | |
| Mission Specialist 2 Flight Engineer | William B. Lenoir Only spaceflight | |
| Seat[2] | Launch | Landing |  Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck. Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Brand | ||
| 2 | Overmyer | ||
| 3 | Unused | ||
| 4 | Lenoir | Allen | |
| 5 | Allen | Lenoir | |
| 6 | Unused | ||
| 7 | Unused | ||
Columbia launched on schedule fromKennedy Space Center (KSC) at 07:19:00 a.m.EST, on November 11, 1982. The shuttle carried a crew of four – the largest spacecraft crew up to that time – and the first two commercialcommunications satellites to be flown aboard a shuttle.
The commercial satellites were deployed successfully and subsequently propelled into their operationalgeosynchronous orbits byMcDonnell DouglasPAM-Dkick motors. The two satellites wereSBS-3, owned bySatellite Business Systems, andAnik-C3, owned byTelesat Canada; both wereHughes-builtHS-376-series satellites. In addition, STS-5 carried aWest German-sponsored microgravityGetaway Special (GAS) experiment canister in the payload bay. The crew also conducted three student-designed experiments during the flight.
Lenoir and Allen were to perform a spacewalk, the first of the Space Shuttle program, to test newly developed space suits. The space suits were developed as cheaper and less complicated alternatives to the Apollo versions. The test was delayed by one day due to Lenoir succumbing to motion sickness.[3] Then a poorly functioning oxygen regulator in Lenoir's suit and a broken recirculation fan in Allen's caused them to cancel the extravehicular activity (EVA) entirely.[4] It was the first time in the history of the space program that an EVA had been cancelled due to space suit issues.[5]
Columbia landed on Runway 22 atEdwards Air Force Base on November 16, 1982, at 06:33:26 a.m.PST, having traveled 3,397,082 km (2,110,849 mi) in 81 orbits during a mission that lasted 5 days, 2 hours, 14 minutes and 26 seconds.[6]Columbia was returned to KSC on November 22, 1982. STS-5 was the first Space Shuttle flight in which the crew did not wear pressure suits for the launch, reentry, and landing portions of the flight, similar to theSovietVoskhod andSoyuz missions prior to the ill-fatedSoyuz 11 mission in 1971.
The Space Shuttle was formally declared "operational" afterSTS-4. However, the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB), in its report on the loss with all crew aboard ofColumbia duringSTS-107 in 2003, asserted that the orbiter should never have been considered operational and that, while not intrinsically unsafe, it was in fact an experimental vehicle. The CAIB's rationale was that civilian and military aircraft that are considered operational must have been tested and proven over thousands of safe flights in their final operational configurations, whereas the shuttle had conducted under 200 flights, with continuous modification. NASA operated the Space Shuttle as an experimental vehicle for the remainder of the program.[7]
The five points of the blue star of the mission patch indicate the flight's numerical designation in theSpace Transportation System's mission sequence.[citation needed]
NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during theProject Gemini, and first used music to wake up a flight crew duringApollo 15. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.[8]
| Flight Day | Song | Artist/Composer |
|---|---|---|
| Day 2 | "76 Trombones" | The Music Man |
| Day 3 | "Cotton Eyed Joe" | |
| Day 4 | "Marine Hymn" | United States Marine Band |
| Day 5 | "The Stroll" | The Diamonds/Clyde Otis |
| Day 6 | "Take Me Home, Country Roads" | John Denver |
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
Space ShuttleColumbia (OV-102) | ||
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