Space Launch Complex 4

SLC-4 withFalcon 9 Block 5 on launch pad at SLC-4E in March 2025 before the launch ofSPHEREx andPUNCH
Interactive map of Space Launch Complex 4
Launch site	Vandenberg Space Force Base
Location	34°37′59″N120°36′47″W / 34.633°N 120.613°W /34.633; -120.613
Time zone	UTC−08:00 (PST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−07:00 (PDT)
Short name	SLC-4
Operator	United States Space Force (owner) SpaceX (tenant)
Total launches	324
Launch pad	2 (1 became a landing zone for Falcon 9)
Orbital inclination range	55–145°[1]
SLC-4 (PALC-2-4 / SLC-4E) launch history Status Active Launches 231 First launch 14 August 1964 Atlas-Agena D (KH-7 Gambit 4010) Last launch 23 November 2025 Falcon 9 Block 5 (Starlink G11-30) Associated rockets Current:Falcon 9 Retired:Atlas-Agena,Atlas SLV-3,Titan IIID,Titan 34D,Titan IV LZ-4 (PALC-2-3 / SLC-4W) landing history Status Active Landings 30 (30 successful, 0 failure) First landing 7 October 2018 (SAOCOM 1A) Last landing 17 November 2025 (Sentinel-6B) Associated rockets Falcon 9 SLC-4W (PALC-2-3) launch history Status Repurposed Launches 93 First launch 12 July 1963 Atlas-Agena D (KH-7 Gambit 4001) Last launch 18 October 2003 Titan 23G (USA-172 /DMSP) Associated rockets Atlas-Agena,Atlas SLV-3,Titan IIID,Titan 23G

Launch sites atVandenberg Space Force Base

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Northrop
Grumman

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12 LZ-4 SpaceX

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11 SLC-4E SpaceX

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Northrop
Grumman

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4 SLC-2W Firefly

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  Active pads

  Active pads not used for launches

  Inactive leased pads

  Inactive unleased pads

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SLC-1E

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SLC-1W

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SLC-2E

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SLC-2W

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SLC-10E

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SLC-10W

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LC-576E

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SLC-9

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SLC-3E

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SLC-3W

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SLC-4E

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SLC-4W (LZ-4)

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SLC-5

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SLC-6

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SLC-8

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SLC-7

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SLC-11

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SLC-12

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SLC-14

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SLC-15

Space Launch Complex 4 (SLC-4) is a launch and landing site atVandenberg Space Force Base, California, U.S. It has two pads, both of which are used bySpaceX forFalcon 9, one for launch operations, and the other asLanding Zone 4 (LZ-4) for SpaceX landings.

The complex was previously used byAtlas andTitan rockets between 1963 and 2005. It consisted of twolaunch pads: Space Launch Complex 4 West (SLC-4W, formerlyPALC-2-3) and Space Launch Complex 4 East (SLC-4E, formerlyPALC-2-4). Both pads were built for use byAtlas-Agena rockets, but were later rebuilt to handle Titan rockets. The designation SLC-4 was applied at the time of the conversion to launch Titan launch vehicles.^[2]

Both pads at Space Launch Complex 4 are currently leased by SpaceX. SLC-4E is leased as a launch site for theFalcon 9 rocket, which first flew from Vandenberg on 29 September 2013, following a 24-month refurbishment program which had started in early 2011.^[3][4] SpaceX began a five-year lease of Launch Complex 4 West in February 2015 in order to use that area as alanding pad to bring backVTVLreturn-to-launch-site (RTLS) first-stage boosters of thereusable Falcon 9 launch vehicle. That pad was later named by SpaceX as Landing Zone 4 and first used operationally for aFalcon 9 booster landing in 2018.

The first launch from PALC2-4 occurred on 14 August 1964, when a KH-7 satellite was launched by anAtlas-Agena D. After 27 Atlas-Agena launches, the last of which was on 4 June 1967, the complex was deactivated.^[5]

During 1971 the complex was reactivated and refurbished for use by theMartin MariettaTitan III launch vehicles. TheTitan IIID made its maiden flight from SLC-4E on 15 June 1971, launching the firstKH-9 Hexagon satellite.^[6] The firstKH-11 Kennan satellite was launched from the complex on 19 December 1976.^[7] All 22 Titan IIIDs were launched from SLC-4E, with the last occurring on 17 November 1982.

The complex was then refurbished to accommodate theMartin MariettaTitan 34D. Seven Titan 34Ds were launched between 20 June 1983, and 6 November 1988.^[8] SLC-4E hosted one of the most dramatic launch accidents in US history when a Titan 34D-9 carrying a KH-9 photoreconnaissance satellite exploded a few hundred feet above the pad on 18 April 1986. The enormous blast showered the launch complex with debris and toxic propellant (hydrazine and dinitrogen tetroxide), resulting in extensive damage. 16 months after the accident, the pad was back in commission when it hosted a successful launch of a KH-11 satellite.^[9][10]

The last Titan variant to use the complex was theTitan IV, starting on 8 March 1991, with the launch ofLacrosse 2. On 19 October 2005, the last flight of a Titan rocket occurred, when a Titan IVB was launched from SLC-4E, with anImproved Crystal satellite. Following this launch, the complex was deactivated, having been used for 68 launches.^[11][12]

SpaceX refurbished SLC–4E forFalcon 9 launches in a 24-month process that began in early 2011.^[3] The draftenvironmental impact assessment with a finding of "no significant impact" was published in February 2011.^[3] Demolition began on the pad's fixed and mobile service towers in summer 2011.^[4]

By late 2012, SpaceX anticipated that the initial launch from the Vandenberg pad would be in 2013, with the larger variantFalcon 9 v1.1.^[13] As the pad was nearing completion in February 2013, the first launch was scheduled for summer 2013,^[14] but was delayed until September 2013.

SLC-4W started operations in 1963 as Space Launch Complex 4W, and continued as an operational launch site through 2003. In 2015, SpaceX started conversion of the launch site into Landing Zone LZ-4. Landing operations commenced in 2018 at LZ-4.

The first launch to use what is now SLC-4 occurred on 12 July 1963, when anAtlas LV-3Agena-D launched the firstKH-7 Gambit reconnaissance satellite, from PALC-2-3. Twelve Atlas-Agenas launches were conducted from PALC-2-3, with the last occurring on 12 March 1965.

Following this, it was rebuilt as SLC-4W, a Titan launch complex. The first Titan launch from SLC-4W was aTitan IIIB, on 29 July 1966. All 68 Titan IIIB launches occurred from SLC-4W, with the last on 12 February 1987.

After the retirement of the Titan IIIB, it became aTitan 23G launch site, and twelve Titan II launches, using the 23G orbital configuration, were conducted between 5 September 1988 and 18 October 2003. Following the retirement of the Titan 23G, SLC-4W was deactivated. 93 rockets were launched from SLC-4W.

SLC-4W was the site of the launch ofClementine, the only spacecraft to be launched from Vandenberg to theMoon, which was launched by a Titan 23G on 25 January 1994.

SpaceX signed a five-year lease of Launch Complex 4W in February 2015, in order to use the area to landreusable launch vehicles at the pad. The location is being used forvertical landing ofReturn-To-Launch-Site (RTLS) first-stage boosters of theFalcon 9 rockets that are launched from the adjacent SLC-4E launch pad.^[15][16] This novel use of SLC-4W had initially surfaced in July 2014 whenNASASpaceFlight.com published that SpaceX was considering leasing SLC-4W for use as a RTLS vertical-landing facility for reusable first-stage boosters.^[17]

Principal structures on the pad were demolished in September 2014 as construction of the landing pad began and was completed sometime around 2017.^[18]

After performingreturn-to-launch-site (RTLS) landings at its two Cape Canaveral Space Force Station landing pads,Landing Zones 1 and 2,^[16][19] the company initially planned to attempt the first West Coast booster landing at Vandenberg AFB with the fourth Iridium NEXT satellite launch in December 2017, but ultimately opted for an expendable mission.^[20][21]

In July 2018, SpaceX filed an FCC permit to communicate with a Falcon 9 first stage post-landing at SLC-4W, hinting at a potential RTLS landing, for theSAOCOM 1A mission.^[22] This launch was later rescheduled to October 8, 2018.^[15] Publicly announced through FCC permits and sonic boom warnings, SpaceX renamed SLC-4W as Landing Zone 4 ahead of the first landing attempt. The landing of a Falcon 9 first stage booster successfully occurred at Landing Zone 4 in October 2018, following the launch of the Argentinian SAOCOM 1A satellite.^[15]

All flights operated by theUnited States Air Force.

All flights operated by theUnited States Air Force.

All flights operated bySpaceX.

All flights operated bySpaceX.

All flights prior to November 1963 operated by theUnited States Navy. All flights afterwards operated by theUnited States Air Force.

All landings operated bySpaceX.

• 
  Titan IIID launch from SLC-4E
• 
  Final Titan IV launch from SLC-4E in 2005
• 
  Inaugural mission of theFalcon 9 v1.1 from SLC-4E in September 2013
• 
  SLC-4 withFalcon 9 on launch pad at SLC-4E in January 2017 withIridium NEXT satellites
• 
  A Titan 23G on SLC-4W
• 
  The landing ofSAOCOM 1A, the first landing at LZ-4

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