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Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromSGLT2)
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

SLC5A2
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search:PDBeRCSB
List of PDB id codes

7VSI,7YNK,7YNJ

Identifiers
AliasesSLC5A2, SGLT2, solute carrier family 5 member 2
External IDsOMIM:182381;MGI:2181411;HomoloGene:2289;GeneCards:SLC5A2;OMA:SLC5A2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 16 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 16 (human)[1]
Chromosome 16 (human)
Genomic location for SLC5A2
Genomic location for SLC5A2
Band16p11.2Start31,483,002bp[1]
End31,490,860bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 7 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2]
Chromosome 7 (mouse)
Genomic location for SLC5A2
Genomic location for SLC5A2
Band7|7 F3Start127,864,829bp[2]
End127,871,602bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • kidney tubule

  • human kidney

  • testicle

  • glomerulus

  • metanephric glomerulus

  • gonad

  • epithelium of colon

  • left testis

  • right testis

  • bone marrow cell
Top expressed in
  • right kidney

  • human kidney

  • molar

  • mucous cell of stomach

  • supraoptic nucleus

  • ventromedial nucleus

  • crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine

  • epithelium of small intestine

  • primary motor cortex

  • globus pallidus
More reference expression data
BioGPS
n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
Sources:Amigo /QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

6524

246787

Ensembl

ENSG00000140675

ENSMUSG00000030781

UniProt

P31639

Q923I7

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003041

NM_133254

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003032

NP_573517

Location (UCSC)Chr 16: 31.48 – 31.49 MbChr 7: 127.86 – 127.87 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Thesodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is aprotein, which facilitatesglucose transport and is regulated bysodium ions. In humans it is encoded by theSLC5A2 solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter)gene, located inchromosome 16, specifically in the band 16p11.2.[5]

Function

[edit]

SGLT2 is a member of thesodium glucose cotransporter family, which are sodium-dependentglucose transport proteins. SGLT2 is the major cotransporter involved in glucosereabsorption in the kidney.[6] SGLT2 is located in the earlyproximal tubule, and is responsible for reabsorption of 80-90% of the glucose filtered by the kidneyglomerulus.[7] Most of the remaining glucose absorption is bysodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) in more distal sections of the proximal tubule.[8]

SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes

[edit]
Main article:SGLT2 inhibitor

SGLT2 inhibitors are also called gliflozins or flozins. They lead to a reduction in blood glucose levels, and therefore have potential use in the treatment oftype 2 diabetes. Gliflozins enhance glycemic control as well as reducebody weight and systolic and diastolicblood pressure.[9] The gliflozinscanagliflozin,dapagliflozin, andempagliflozin may lead to euglycemicketoacidosis.[10][11] Other side effects of gliflozins include increased risk of Fournier gangrene[12] and of (generally mild)genital infections such ascandidal vulvovaginitis.[13]

Clinical significance

[edit]

Mutations in this gene are also associated withrenal glycosuria.[14]

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were associated with significant long-term reductions in mortality risk for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), according to an observational cohort study.[15] The study revealed that after one year, 8.1% of PAH patients prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors had died, compared to 15.5% of those who did not take the medication.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000140675 –Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030781 –Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^Wells RG, Mohandas TK, Hediger MA (September 1993). "Localization of the Na+/glucose cotransporter gene SGLT2 to human chromosome 16 close to the centromere".Genomics.17 (3):787–789.doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1411.PMID 8244402.
  6. ^"Entrez Gene: solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter)".
  7. ^Bonora BM, Avogaro A, Fadini GP (2020)."Extraglycemic Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors: A Review of the Evidence".Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy.13:161–174.doi:10.2147/DMSO.S233538.PMC 6982447.PMID 32021362.
  8. ^Vallon V, Thomson SC (2012)."Renal function in diabetic disease models: the tubular system in the pathophysiology of the diabetic kidney".Annual Review of Physiology.74:351–375.doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-020911-153333.PMC 3807782.PMID 22335797.
  9. ^Haas B, Eckstein N, Pfeifer V, Mayer P, Hass MD (November 2014)."Efficacy, safety and regulatory status of SGLT2 inhibitors: focus on canagliflozin".Nutrition & Diabetes.4 (11): e143.doi:10.1038/nutd.2014.40.PMC 4259905.PMID 25365416.
  10. ^Rawla P, Vellipuram AR, Bandaru SS, Pradeep Raj J (2017)."Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma".Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports.2017.doi:10.1530/EDM-17-0081.PMC 5592704.PMID 28924481.
  11. ^"FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns that SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes may result in a serious condition of too much acid in the blood".Food and Drug Administration, USA. 2015-05-15. Archived fromthe original on May 17, 2015.
  12. ^"SGLT2 Inhibitors Associated with Fournier Gangrene".Jwatch.org. Retrieved2019-05-06.
  13. ^"SGLT2 Inhibitors (Gliflozins)".Diabetes.co.uk. Retrieved2015-05-19.
  14. ^Calado J, Loeffler J, Sakallioglu O, Gok F, Lhotta K, Barata J, et al. (March 2006)."Familial renal glucosuria: SLC5A2 mutation analysis and evidence of salt-wasting".Kidney International.69 (5):852–855.doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5000194.PMID 16518345.
  15. ^Lemonjava I, Gudushauri N, Tskhakaia I, Manzano JM, Azmaiparashvili (2024)."Impact of Sglt2 Inhibitors on Mortality in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Exploring the Association".Chest.166 (4): A5793.doi:10.1016/j.chest.2024.06.3435.

Further reading

[edit]
By group
SLC1–10
(1):
(2):
(3):
(4):
(5):
(6):
(7):
(8):
(9):
(10):
SLC11–20
(11):
(12):
(13):
(14):
(15):
(16):
(17):
(18):
(19):
(20):
SLC21–30
(21):
(22):
(23):
(24):
(25):
(26):
(27):
(28):
(29):
(30):
SLC31–40
(31):
(32):
(33):
(34):
(35):
(36):
(37):
(38):
(39):
(40):
SLC41–48
(41):
(42):
(43):
(44):
(45):
(46):
(47):
(48):
SLCO1–4
Symporter,Cotransporter
Antiporter (exchanger)
SGLT1Tooltip Sodium-glucose transporter 1
SGLT2Tooltip Sodium-glucose transporter 2
SGLT1Tooltip Sodium-glucose transporter 1 &SGLT2Tooltip Sodium-glucose transporter 2
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