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TheOrigin 3000 and theOnyx 3000 is a family of mid-range and high-end computers developed and manufactured bySGI. The Origin 3000 is aserver, and the Onyx 3000 is avisualization system. Both systems were introduced in July 2000 to succeed theOrigin 2000 and theOnyx2 respectively. These systems ran theIRIX 6.5 Advanced Server Environmentoperating system. Entry-level variants of these systems based on the same architecture but with a different hardware implementation are known as theOrigin 300 andOnyx 300. The Origin 3000 was succeeded by theAltix 3000 in 2004 and the last model was discontinued on 29 December 2006, while the Onyx 3000 was succeeded by theOnyx4 and the Itanium-basedPrism in 2004 and the last model was discontinued on 25 March 2005.

• Origin 3200C - This model was a cluster of nodes that consist of entire Origin 3200 systems. This model could scale to thousands of processors. The clustering technology used was gigabitEthernet andInfiniband.

Physically, the Origin 3000 is based on "bricks" - rackmounted modules that provide a specific function, that are connected together usingNUMAlink 3 cables for modules providing compute functions, or Crosstown2 cables for modules providing I/O functions. These bricks are mounted in a standard 19-inch rack. There are two racks for the Origin 3000, a 17U-high short rack, and a 39U-high tall rack.

Architecturally, the Origin 3000 is based on thedistributed shared memory NUMAflex architecture. The NUMAlink 3 system interconnect uses afat treehypercube network topology.

The C-brick is a 3U-high enclosure that contains a node on aPCB. The node contains two or four processors, the local and directory memory, and the BedrockASIC. It connects to the system using NUMAlink 3.

The two processors and their secondary caches are contained on a PIMM (Processor Integrated Memory Module) daughter card that plugs into two 240-pin connectors on the node board. Initially, the Origin 3000 used the 360 MHzR12000 and the 400 MHzR12000A processors with 4 or 8 MB of secondary cache. In May 2001, the 500 MHzR14000 was introduced with 8 MB of secondary cache and in February 2002, the 600 MHzR14000A was made available. Near the end of its lifetime, the C-brick was updated with 800 MHz MIPS processors.

The C-Brick supports 512 MB to 8 GB of local memory through eightDIMM slots organised into eight banks by using proprietary 100 MHzECCDDR SDRAM DIMMs with capacities of 256 MB, 512 MB and 1 GB. The data path between the DIMM and the Bedrock ASIC is 144 bits wide, with 128 bits for data and 16 bits for ECC. Because the Origin 3000 uses a distributed shared memory model, directory memory is used to maintain cache coherency between the processors. Unlike the Origin 2000, which requires dedicated proprietary DIMMs for the directory memory, the Origin 3000's directory memory is integrated in the same DIMMs that contain the local memory. Due to this, there are two kinds of DIMM used in the Origin 3000: standard DIMMs, which supports systems with up to 128 processors, and premium DIMMs, which supports systems with more than 128 processors. The 256 MB DIMM is a standard DIMM, the 1 GB DIMM is a premium DIMM and the 512 MB DIMM can be either.

The Bedrock ASIC connects the processors, local and directory memory and the Crosstown2 interface to the NUMAlink 3 system interconnect using acrossbar. The ASIC contains six major sections: the crossbar (XB), two processor interfaces (PI_0 and PI_1), the memory and directory interface (MD), the I/O interface, (II) and the network interface (NI). The interfaces communicate with each other viaFIFO buffers that are connected to the crossbar.It also serves as the memory controller. Although each PIMM contains two microprocessors, but only has one 1.6 GB/s interface to the Bedrock ASIC, the single interface ismultiplexed to enable the two processors on each PIMM to operate independently withoutbus contention at the cost of reduced bandwidth.

The CX-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that is only used in Origin 3900 and Onyx 3900 systems. It differs from the C-brick by containing four node boards and eight-port router ASIC. The CX-brick can support up to 16 processors and 32 GB of memory. The CX-brick initially used the IP53 motherboard that supported 500 MHz R14000 and 600 MHz R14000A processors with 8 MB secondary caches, later upgraded to use the R16000 and R16000A. It connects to the system using NUMAlink 3.

The R-brick is a 2U-high enclosure that features an eight-port router ASIC. Its purpose is to route NUMAlink packets throughout the system to connect the C-Bricks together. R-bricks for the Origin 3400 have a router ASIC with two ports disabled to prevent them from being upgraded into Origin 3800 systems.

The I-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that provides boot I/O functions for the Origin 3000. It features fivehot swappablePCI-X slots, with three clocked at 33 MHz and two at 66 MHz on two separate buses, two sled-mounted 3.5-inchFibre Channel hard drives and a proprietary CD-ROM drive. The I-Brick also provides a 10/100BASE-TEthernet port, anIEEE 1394 port, aserial port, twoUSB ports as well as areal-time clock andNVRAM for storing configuration information through the IO9. It connects to the system using Crosstown2.

The IX-Brick is a 4U-high enclosure that is only used in Origin 3900 and Onyx 3900 systems. It an updated version of the I-brick with 133 MHz PCI-X expansion slots. It connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

The P-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that provides an additional 12 PCI-X expansion slots on six buses to the system. It connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

The PX-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that is only used in Origin 3900 and Onyx 3900 systems. It an updated version of the P-brick with 133 MHz PCI-X expansion slots. It connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

The X-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that provides fourXIO expansion slots. It connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

The D-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that can support 12 hot-swappableFibre Channel hard drives through two Fibre Channel loops.

Onyx 3000 refers to Origin 3000 systems that are sold with graphics hardware as standard. The graphics hardware is contained within G-bricks hostingInfiniteReality3 orInfiniteReality4 graphics pipes, or V-bricks hosting InfinitePerformance (VPro) graphics. The number of G-bricks or V-bricks a system supports scales linearly with the number of C-bricks present. Systems must use either G-bricks or V-bricks, as these options cannot be mixed. The Onyx 3000 originally used the InfiniteReality3, with R14000 Processors.

The G-brick is a 18U-high enclosure that supports the InfiniteReality graphics subsystem. Each G-brick can support twoInfiniteReality3 orInfiniteReality4 graphics pipes, although only one pipe can have four raster manager boards while the other can have two. The G-brick connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

The V-brick is a 4U-high enclosure that supports two InfinitePerformance graphics pipes. Each graphics pipe consists of a 128 MBSGI VPro V12 graphics card. The V-brick connects to the system using Crosstown2 cables.

The N-brick is a 2U-high enclosure that allows the C-bricks to connect to the G-bricks without using X-bricks or I-bricks, thus saving space as the other bricks are taller. The N-brick was intended for configurations where I/O capabilities were not required.

• Hardware Product Support Information Matrix, 7 January 2008. Silicon Graphics, Inc.
• InfiniteReality4 Addendum to Silicon Graphics Onyx2, SGI Onyx 3000 Series, and SGI Onyx 300 Guides, 10 July 2002, 007-4525-001. Silicon Graphics, Inc.Archived 3 March 2016 at theWayback Machine
• Mark Schwenden. SGI Onyx 3000 Series Graphics System Hardware Owner's Guide, 16 November 2001, document number: 007-4264-002. Silicon Graphics, Inc.Archived 3 March 2016 at theWayback Machine
• SGI Origin 3000 Datasheet, 8 October 2003, document number: 3399. Silicon Graphics, Inc.
• Dick Brownell. SGI Origin 3000 Series Technical Configuration Owner's Guide, January 2001, document number: 007-4311-002. Silicon Graphics, Inc.Archived 3 March 2016 at theWayback Machine
• SGI Origin 3200C Scalable Cluster Datasheet, July 2000, document number: 2805. Silicon Graphics, Inc.
• Nancy Heller. SGI Origin 3900 Server User's Guide, 31 January 2004, document number: 007-4653-001. Silicon Graphics, Inc.Archived 3 March 2016 at theWayback Machine

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