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| Latin script (Sütterlin subvariant) | |
|---|---|
 Sample ofSütterlin[a] | |
| Script type | |
Period | 1915–1970s |
| Direction | Left-to-right  |
| Languages | German |
| Related scripts | |
Parent systems | Latin script (Blackletter variant)
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| ISO 15924 | |
| ISO 15924 | Latf(217), Latin (Fraktur variant) |
| This article containsphonetic transcriptions in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. | |
Sütterlinschrift (German pronunciation:[ˈzʏtɐliːnˌʃʁɪft], "Sütterlin script") is the last widely used form ofKurrent, the historical form ofGermanhandwriting script that evolved alongside Germanblackletter (most notablyFraktur) typefaces. Graphic artistLudwig Sütterlin was commissioned by thePrussian Ministry of Science, Art and Culture (Preußisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Volksbildung) to create a modern handwriting script in 1911. His handwriting scheme gradually replaced the oldercursive scripts that had developed in the 16th century at the same time that letters in books had developed intoFraktur. The nameSütterlin is nowadays often used to refer to several similar varieties of old German handwriting, but Sütterlin's own script was taught only from 1915 to 1941 in all German schools.
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The ministry had asked for "modern" handwriting scripts to be used in offices and to be taught in school. Sütterlin created two scripts in parallel with the two typefaces that were in use (seeAntiqua–Fraktur dispute). TheSütterlin scripts were introduced in Prussia in 1915, and from the 1920s onwards, they began to replace the relatively similar old German handwriting (Kurrent) in schools. In 1935, theSütterlin style officially became the only German script taught in schools.
In 1941,the Nazi Party banned all "broken" (fraktur, blackletter) typefaces, includingSütterlin, and replaced them with Italian-style lettering, such as theAntiqua typeface class. From the academic year 1941/42 onwards, only the so-calledNormalschrift ("normal script"), which had hitherto been taught alongsideSütterlin under the name of "Latin script", was allowed to be used and taught. However, many German speakers who had been brought up with that writing system continued to use it well into the postwar period.
Sütterlin continued to be taught in some German schools until the 1970s but no longer as the primary script.[citation needed]
Sütterlin is based on older German handwriting, which is a handwriting form of theBlackletter scripts such asFraktur andSchwabacher, the German print scripts used at the same time.
It includes thelong s (ſ) as well as several standardligatures such as ff (f-f), ſt (ſ-t), st (s-t), andß (ſ-z or ſ-s).
Because of their distinctiveness,Sütterlin letters can be used on the blackboard for certainmathematical symbols that are represented byFraktur letters in print. The lower-case d inKurrent andSütterlin is used inproofreading fordeleatur ("let it be deleted").
The Sütterlin lower-case 'e' contains two vertical bars close together, in which the origin of theumlautdiacritic (¨) from a small 'e' written above the modified vowel can be seen.
(There are two lower-case forms of the letter "s". Thesecond one is used at the end of a syllable.)
Types ofhandwritten Europeanscripts | ||
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| Ancient and medieval |  | |
| Modern | ||
| Teaching scripts | ||
