São João del-Rei | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of São João del-Rei | |
 .jpg)    | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location in Minas Gerais | |
| Coordinates:21°08′09″S44°15′36″W / 21.13583°S 44.26000°W /-21.13583; -44.26000 | |
| Country |  Brazil |
| State |  Minas Gerais |
| Region | Southeast |
| Intermediate Region | Barbacena |
| Immediate Region | São João del-Rei |
| Founded | 8 December 1713 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Nivaldo José de Andrade (UNIÃO) |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,452.002 km2 (560.621 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 904 m (2,966 ft) |
| Population (2022)[2] | |
• Total | 90,225 |
| • Density | 62.138/km2 (160.94/sq mi) |
| Demonym | são-joanense |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| Postal Code | 36300-000 to 36319-999 |
| Area code | +55 32 |
| HDI (2010) | 0.758 –high[3] |
| Major airport | São João del-Rei Airport |
| Website | saojoaodelrei |
São João del-Rei[a] is a Brazilian municipality in the state ofMinas Gerais. Founded in 1713 in homage to kingJohn V of Portugal, the city is famed for its historicPortuguese colonial architecture. The current population is estimated at 90,225 inhabitants.[1]
It is located in the drainage basin of theRio Grande and its terrain is located in theMantiqueira mountains. It is a centre for the cities in the south and southeast ofMinas Gerais.
The municipality contains part of theRitápolis National Forest.[4]
According to themodern (2017) geographic classification by Brazil's National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the municipality belongs to theImmediate Geographic Region of São João del-Rei, in theIntermediate Geographic Region of Barbacena.[5]
The municipality has five rural districts.[6]
The city was founded by thebandeirantes; Tomé Portes del-Rei is considered the city's founder. The original small village situated in southernMinas Gerais was created as a staging post on theEstrada Real, a trade route from the coast atParaty to cities in the central region of Minas Gerais such asOuro Preto,Mariana andConselheiro Lafaiete. Later huge amounts of gold were found near the city itself.
Today, São João del-Rei is a university town. The campus of theFederal University of São João del-Rei (UFSJ) and a number of other educational institutions are present in the city. A second medical school is to be established at the University.[citation needed]
The city has many famous religious festivals through the year, most of them preserving the way it was celebrated by the time of the foundation, with baroque music and special celebrations that attracts tourists from all over the world, particularly during Holy Week, when the town receives the greatest influx of visitors.
The city is 12 km fromTiradentes. Other historical cities in Minas Gerais areOuro Preto,Diamantina,Mariana,Congonhas andSabará.
The city is home toAthletic Club (1909), anassociation football team that plays in the First Division ofCampeonato Mineiro, along withCruzeiro,Atlético andAmérica.
São João del-Rei was an important station on theEstrada de Ferro Oeste de Minas, anarrow gauge railway characterised by woodburning steam locomotives, and the location of a majorroundhouse. The station and surrounding facilities have been turned into Brazil's largest railway museum, and a tourist railway operates from the station to the well preserved colonial town ofTiradentes.
| Climate data for São João del-Rei (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1961–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.4 (97.5) | 34.4 (93.9) | 33.9 (93.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 31.6 (88.9) | 29.8 (85.6) | 30.1 (86.2) | 33.7 (92.7) | 36.9 (98.4) | 37.8 (100.0) | 37.6 (99.7) | 34.1 (93.4) | 37.8 (100.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.1 (82.6) | 28.5 (83.3) | 27.7 (81.9) | 27.1 (80.8) | 24.7 (76.5) | 23.9 (75.0) | 23.7 (74.7) | 25.3 (77.5) | 25.9 (78.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.1 (80.8) | 26.3 (79.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 21.8 (71.2) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.1 (70.0) | 20.0 (68.0) | 17.4 (63.3) | 15.9 (60.6) | 15.7 (60.3) | 16.8 (62.2) | 18.6 (65.5) | 20.1 (68.2) | 20.7 (69.3) | 21.1 (70.0) | 19.3 (66.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.2 (63.0) | 17.2 (63.0) | 16.6 (61.9) | 15.1 (59.2) | 12.4 (54.3) | 10.4 (50.7) | 10.1 (50.2) | 10.8 (51.4) | 13.2 (55.8) | 15.0 (59.0) | 16.1 (61.0) | 16.7 (62.1) | 14.2 (57.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 10.0 (50.0) | 10.7 (51.3) | 9.6 (49.3) | 5.0 (41.0) | 3.0 (37.4) | 1.0 (33.8) | 0.4 (32.7) | 1.4 (34.5) | 1.4 (34.5) | 5.6 (42.1) | 6.9 (44.4) | 7.8 (46.0) | 0.4 (32.7) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 320.4 (12.61) | 183.8 (7.24) | 192.9 (7.59) | 65.1 (2.56) | 41.0 (1.61) | 15.1 (0.59) | 11.5 (0.45) | 22.4 (0.88) | 78.3 (3.08) | 129.2 (5.09) | 195.5 (7.70) | 326.8 (12.87) | 1,582 (62.28) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 17 | 12 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 13 | 18 | 103 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 77 | 75.2 | 77.1 | 75.9 | 75.8 | 74.1 | 71.1 | 66.9 | 69.3 | 70.9 | 74.3 | 77.3 | 73.7 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 187.6 | 199.0 | 195.7 | 179.9 | 176.2 | 163.4 | 179.8 | 206.8 | 184.2 | 196.1 | 155.8 | 166.2 | 2,190.7 |
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia[9][10][11][12] | |||||||||||||
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