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| Preferred IUPAC name (1S,2R,2aS,2a1R,3S,3aS,6S,7R,7aR,9S,9aS)-1,2a,2a1,3a,7,9-Hexahydroxy-3,6,9a-trimethyl-1-(propan-2-yl)dodecahydro-3,9-methanobenzo[1,2]pentaleno[1,6-bc]furan-2-yl 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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| KEGG |
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| MeSH | Ryanodine |
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| Properties | |
| C25H35NO9 | |
| Molar mass | 493.553 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Ryanodine is a poisonousditerpenoid found in the South American plantRyania speciosa (Salicaceae). It was originally used as aninsecticide.
The compound has extremely high affinity to the open-formryanodine receptor, a group ofcalcium channels found inskeletal muscle, smooth muscle, andheart muscle cells.[1] It binds with such high affinity to the receptor that it was used as a label for the first purification of that class ofion channels and gave its name to it.
Atnanomolar concentrations, ryanodine locks the receptor in a half-open state, whereas it fully closes them atmicromolar concentration. The effect of the nanomolar-level binding is that ryanodine causes release ofcalcium from calcium stores as thesarcoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm, leading to massivemuscle contractions. The effect of micromolar-level binding isparalysis. This is true for both mammals and insects.[2]
