In 2011, Gosling had three mainstream successes in the romantic comedyCrazy, Stupid, Love, the political dramaThe Ides of March, and the action thrillerDrive. After making his directorial debut withLost River (2014), he starred in the financial satireThe Big Short (2015), the action comedyThe Nice Guys (2016), and the romantic musicalLa La Land (2016). The latter won him aGolden Globe and a second Academy Award nomination for Best Actor. Further acclaim followed with the science fiction filmBlade Runner 2049 (2017) and the biopicFirst Man (2018). He playedKen in the fantasy comedyBarbie (2023), which emerged as his highest-grossing release and earned him a nomination for theAcademy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
Ryan Thomas Gosling was born on November 12, 1980, at St. Joseph's Hospital inLondon, Ontario[2] to Thomas Ray Gosling, a travelling salesman for apaper mill,[3] and Donna, a secretary.[4][5] Both of his parents are of part French Canadian descent, along with some German, English, Scottish, and Irish.[6][7] He and his family were members ofthe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,[8] and Gosling has said that the religion influenced every aspect of their lives.[9] Because of his father's work, they "moved around a lot"[3] and Gosling lived in bothCornwall, Ontario,[10] andBurlington, Ontario.[11] His parents divorced when he was 13,[12] and he and his older sister Mandi lived with their mother,[4] an experience Gosling has credited with programming him "to think like a girl".[13]
Gosling was educated at Gladstone Public School,[14]Cornwall Collegiate and Vocational School andLester B. Pearson High School.[15] As a child, he watchedDick Tracy and was inspired to become an actor.[16] He "hated" being a child,[9][17] was bullied in elementary school,[18] and had no friends until he was "14 or 15".[19][20] In school he was always picking fights to impress girls.[21] In grade one, having been heavily influenced by the action filmFirst Blood, he took steak knives to school and threw them at other children during recess. This incident led to a suspension.[17] He was unable to read,[22] and was evaluated forattention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but was not diagnosed with it and, contrary to false reports, never took medication.[23] His mother left her job and home-schooled him for a year.[24] He has said homeschooling gave him "a sense of autonomy that I've never really lost".[9] Gosling performed in front of audiences from an early age, encouraged by his sister being a performer.[25] He and his sister sang together at weddings; he performed with Elvis Perry, his uncle'sElvis Presleytribute act,[26] and was involved with a localballet company.[27] Performing boosted his self-confidence as it was the only thing for which he received praise.[20] He developed anidiosyncratic accent because, as a child, he thought having a Canadian accent did not sound "tough". He began to model his accent on that ofMarlon Brando.[28] Gosling dropped out of high school at age 17 to focus on his acting career.[29]
In 1993, 12-year-old Gosling attended an open audition inMontreal forDisney Channel's revival ofThe Mickey Mouse Club.[25] After he successfully auditioned, he was given a two-year contract as aMouseketeer and subsequently moved toOrlando, Florida to film the show.[29] He has said he appeared on-screen infrequently because other children were considered more talented.[30] Nonetheless, he has described the job as the greatest two years of his life.[29] Fellow cast members on the show includedBritney Spears,Christina Aguilera,Justin Timberlake,Keri Russell, andJC Chasez. Gosling has credited the experience with instilling in him "this great sense of focus."[31] He was specifically close friends with Timberlake because they lived together for six months during the second year of the show. Timberlake's mother became Gosling's legal guardian after his own mother had to return to Canada for work reasons.[32] Gosling has said that even though he and Timberlake talk infrequently, they are still supportive of each other.[31]
After the show ended in 1995, Gosling returned to Canada, where he continued to appear in family entertainment television series, includingAre You Afraid of the Dark? (1995)[33] andGoosebumps (1996),[33] and starred inBreaker High (1997–98) as Sean Hanlon.[33] When he was 18, he moved to New Zealand to film theFox Kids adventure seriesYoung Hercules (1998–1999) as the title character.[33] He later said that he initially enjoyed working on the series, but began to care too much about the show, so it was no longer fun for him. He wanted to spend more time sitting with and devising a character as well as play a variety of roles, so he chose to transition into film and not accept any more television work.[29]
2000–2003: Independent films
Aged 19, Gosling decided to move into "serious acting". He was dropped by his agent and initially found it difficult to secure work because of the "stigma" attached to children's television.[34] After a supporting role in the football dramaRemember the Titans, he secured a lead role as a young Jewishneo-Nazi in 2001'sThe Believer. DirectorHenry Bean said he cast Gosling because his Mormon upbringing helped him understand the isolation of Judaism.[35] Kevin Thomas of theLos Angeles Times praised an "electrifying and terrifyingly convincing" performance[36] whileTodd McCarthy ofVariety felt his "dynamite performance" could "scarcely have been better".[37] The film won the Grand Jury Prize at theSundance Film Festival[38] and Gosling has described it as "the film that kind of gift-wrapped for me the career that I have now."[26] Because of the controversial nature of the film, it was difficult to secure financial backing for a full theatrical release,[39] and the film was instead broadcast onShowtime.[39] The film was a commercial failure, grossing $416,925 worldwide from a production budget of $1.5 million.[40]
In 2002, Gosling co-starred in the psychological thrillerMurder by Numbers withSandra Bullock andMichael Pitt,[41] where Gosling and Pitt portrayed a pair of high school seniors who believe they can commit the perfect murder. Bullock played the detective tasked with investigating the crime.Lisa Schwarzbaum ofEntertainment Weekly described him as "a phenomenal talent even in junk like this"[42] while Todd McCarthy felt that the "strong and "charismatic" young actors were "let down by the screenplay".[43] The film was a minor commercial success, grossing $56 million worldwide from a production budget of $50 million.[44] His second screen appearance of 2002 was inThe Slaughter Rule withDavid Morse which explores the relationship between a high school football player and his troubled coach in ruralMontana. Gosling has said that the opportunity to work with Morse made him "a better actor".[45]Stephen Holden ofThe New York Times described Gosling as "major star material" with a "rawness and an intensity that recall the youngMatt Dillon"[46] whileManohla Dargis of theLos Angeles Times was won over by his "raw talent".[47] The film was released in just three US theatres and grossed $13,411.[48]
In 2003, Gosling starred inThe United States of Leland as a teenager imprisoned for the murder of a disabled boy. He was drawn to the role because it was unusual to find a character that was "emotionally disconnected for the whole film."[49] CriticRoger Ebert felt that the "gifted actor does everything that can be done with Leland, but the character comes from a writer's conceits, not from life."[50]A. O. Scott ofThe New York Times noted that he "struggles to rescue Leland from the clutches of cliché"[51] while David Rooney ofVariety felt that his "one-note, blankly disturbed act has none of the magnetic edge of his breakthrough work inThe Believer".[52] The film grossed $343,847 in the United States and was not released overseas.[53]
2004–2009:The Notebook andHalf Nelson
Gosling gained mainstream attention in 2004 after starring opposite fellow CanadianRachel McAdams in the romantic drama filmThe Notebook, a film adaptation ofNicholas Sparks'novel of the same name, directed byNick Cassavetes.[54] Gosling played Noah Calhoun and commented on the role: "It gave me an opportunity to play a character over a period of time – from 1940 to 1946 – that was quite profound and formative."[55] He sought to imbue his character with "quiet strength" and was inspired bySam Shepard's performance inDays of Heaven. Shepard co-starred inThe Notebook.[56] Filming took place inCharleston, South Carolina, in late 2002 and early 2003.[57] Although Gosling and McAdams became romantically involved in 2005, they had a combative relationship on the set.[58][59] "We inspired the worst in each other," Gosling has said. "It was a strange experience, making a love story and not getting along with your co-star in any way."[9] At one point, Gosling asked Cassavetes to "bring somebody else in for my off-camera shot" because he felt McAdams was uncooperative.[59]The New York Times praised the "spontaneous and combustible" performances of the two leads and noted that, "against your better judgment, you root for the pair to beat the odds against them."[60]Desson Thomson ofThe Washington Post praised Gosling's "beguiling unaffectedness" and noted that "it's hard not to like these two or begrudge them a great love together".[61] The film grossed over $115 million worldwide.[62] Gosling won fourTeen Choice Awards[63] and anMTV Movie Award.[64]Entertainment Weekly has said that the movie contains the All-Time Best Movie Kiss[65] while theLos Angeles Times has included a scene from the film in a list of the 50 Classic Movie Kisses.[66]The Notebook has appeared on many Most Romantic Movies lists.[67][68][69][70]
In 2005, Gosling appeared as a disturbed young art student inStay, a psychological thriller film co-starringNaomi Watts andEwan McGregor. In an uncomplimentary review of the film, Manohla Dargis ofThe New York Times stated that Gosling "like his fans, deserves better."[71] Todd McCarthy remarked that the "capable" Gosling and McGregor "deliver nothing new from what they've shown before".[72] The film grossed $8 million worldwide.[73] Gosling was unfazed by the negative reaction: "I had a kid come up to me on the street, 10 years old, and he says, 'Are you that guy fromStay? What the f--- was that movie about?' I think that's great. I'm just as proud if someone says, 'Hey, you made me sick in that movie,' as if they say I made them cry."[74]
Gosling next starred in 2006'sHalf Nelson as a drug-addicted junior high school teacher who forms a bond with a young student. To prepare for the role, Gosling moved to New York for one month before shooting began. He lived in a small apartment in Brooklyn and spent time shadowing an eighth grade teacher.[75]Kenneth Turan of theLos Angeles Times described it as "a mesmerizing performance ... that shows the kind of deep understanding of character few actors manage."[76] Ruthe Stein of theSan Francisco Chronicle drew comparisons withMarlon Brando and asserted that "nobody who cares about great acting will want to miss his performance".[77] Roger Ebert believed that his performance "proves he's one of the finest actors working in contemporary movies."[78] Gosling garnered a nomination for theAcademy Award for Best Actor.[22] The film grossed $4 million at the worldwide box office.[79] In 2007, he was invited to join theAcademy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.[80]
Gosling played an introvert who falls for a sex doll in the 2007 filmLars and the Real Girl. He drew inspiration fromJames Stewart's performance inHarvey.[81] Roger Ebert felt "a film about a life-sized love doll" had been turned into "a life-affirming statement of hope" because of "a performance by Ryan Gosling that says things that cannot be said".[82] Ann Hornaday ofThe Washington Post described his performance as "a small miracle ... because he changes and grows so imperceptibly before our eyes."[83] However, Manohla Dargis ofThe New York Times felt "the performance is a rare miscalculation in a mostly brilliant career."[84] He was nominated for aGolden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy and aScreen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role.[85][86] The film was a box office failure, failing to recoup its $12 million production budget.[87]
Gosling starred oppositeAnthony Hopkins in the 2007 courtroom thrillerFracture. He originally turned down the role, but changed his mind when Hopkins signed on.[21] Gosling noted that he was drawn to his character, Willie, because he had flaws and seemed like a real person.[88] He spent time shadowing lawyers and observing courtroom proceedings in preparation for the role.[89]Claudia Puig ofUSA Today declared that "watching a veteran like Hopkins verbally joust with one of the best young actors in Hollywood is worth the price of admission".[90] Manohla Dargis ofThe New York Times felt it was a treat to watch "the spectacle of that crafty scene stealer Anthony Hopkins mixing it up with that equally cunning screen nibbler Ryan Gosling ... Each actor is playing a pulp type rather than a fully formed individual, but both fill in the blanks with an alchemical mix of professional and personal charisma."[91] The film grossed over $91 million worldwide.[92]
Gosling was scheduled to begin filmingThe Lovely Bones in 2007. However, he left the production two days before filming began because of "creative differences" and was replaced byMark Wahlberg.[93] Gosling was cast as the father of the murdered teenage girl and initially felt he was too young for the role. The directorPeter Jackson and the producerFran Walsh persuaded him that he could be aged with hair and make-up changes.[94] Before shooting began, Gosling gained 60 pounds (27 kilograms) in weight and grew a beard to appear older.[94] Walsh then "began to feel he was not right. It was our blindness, the desire to make it work no matter what."[94] Gosling later said, "We didn't talk very much during the preproduction process, which was the problem ... I just showed up on set, and I had gotten it wrong. Then I was fat and unemployed."[94] He has said the experience was "an important realisation for me: not to let your ego get involved. It's OK to be too young for a role."[95]
2010–2012: Widespread recognition
Following a three-year absence from the screen, Gosling starred in five films in 2010 and 2011. "I've never had more energy," Gosling said. "I'm more excited to make films than I used to be. I used to kind of dread it. It was so emotional and taxing. But I've found a way to have fun while doing it. And I think that translates into the films."[34] He has also spoken of feeling depressed when not working.[20] In 2010, he starred oppositeMichelle Williams inDerek Cianfrance's directorial debut, the marital dramaBlue Valentine. The low-budget film was mainly improvised and Gosling has said "you had to remind yourself you were making a film".[96]Mick LaSalle of theSan Francisco Chronicle felt he "brings a preternatural understanding of people to his performance"[97] while A.O. Scott ofThe New York Times found him to be "convincing as the run-down, desperate, older Dean, and maybe a bit less so as the younger version".[98]Owen Gleiberman ofEntertainment Weekly wrote that he "plays Dean as a snarky working-class hipster, but when his anger is unleashed, the performance turns powerful."[99] However,Wesley Morris ofThe Boston Globe felt the performance was an example of "hipsterism misdirected".[100] He was nominated for aGolden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama.[101] The film was a box office success, grossing over $12 million worldwide from a production budget of $1 million.[102]
Gosling's second on-screen appearance of 2010 was in the mystery filmAll Good Things withKirsten Dunst, based on a true story. He played the role of New York real-estate heir David Marks, who was investigated for the disappearance of his wife (played by Dunst).[103] Gosling found the filming process to be a "dark experience" and did not undertake any promotional duties for the film.[104] When asked if he was proud of the film, he said, "I'm proud of what Kirsten does in the movie."[104]Peter Travers ofRolling Stone wrote that he "gets so deep into character you can feel his nerve endings."[105] Mick LaSalle of theSan Francisco Chronicle found the "chameleonic Gosling is completely convincing as this empty shell of a man".[106] Betsy Sharkey of theLos Angeles Times felt that the film belonged to Dunst, but praised Gosling's performance.[107] The film grossed $644,535 worldwide.[108] Also in 2010, Gosling narrated and producedReGeneration, a documentary that explores the cynicism in today's youth towards social and political causes.[109][110]
Gosling in 2011
2011 saw Gosling expand his horizons by appearing in three diverse, high-profile roles. He co-starred in his first comedic role in the romantic comedy-dramaCrazy, Stupid, Love, withSteve Carell andEmma Stone.[111] Gosling took cocktail-making classes at a Los Angeles bar in preparation for his role as a smooth-talking ladies' man.[112] Ann Hornaday ofThe Washington Post said his "seductive command presence suggests we may have found our nextGeorge Clooney".[113] Peter Travers declared him "a comic knockout"[114] while Claudia Puig ofUSA Today felt he reveals a "surprising" "knack for comedy."[115] He was nominated for aGolden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy.[116] The film was a box office success, grossing over $142 million worldwide.[117] With adjustments for inflation, it is the fourth most successful of Gosling's career.[118]
Gosling's first action role was inDrive, based on a novel byJames Sallis.[119] Gosling played a Hollywood stunt performer who moonlights as agetaway driver, and he has described the film as a "violentJohn Hughes movie": "I always thought ifPretty in Pink had head-smashing it would be perfect".[120] Roger Ebert compared Gosling toSteve McQueen and stated that he "embodies presence and sincerity ... he has shown a gift for finding arresting, powerful characters [and] can achieve just about anything.[121]Joe Morgenstern ofThe Wall Street Journal pondered "the ongoing mystery of how he manages to have so much impact with so little apparent effort. It's irresistible to liken his economical style to that ofMarlon Brando."[122] The film was a box office success, grossing $81 million worldwide from a production budget of $15 million.[123]
In his final appearance of 2011, Gosling co-starred withPhilip Seymour Hoffman in the political dramaThe Ides of March directed byGeorge Clooney, in which he played an ambitious press secretary.[124] Gosling partly decided to do the film to become more politically aware: "I'm Canadian and so American politics aren't really in my wheelhouse."[125] Joe Morganstern stated that Gosling and Hoffman "are eminently well equipped to play variations on their characters' main themes. Yet neither actor has great material to conjure with in the script."[126] In a generally tepid review, Kenneth Turan of theLos Angeles Times asserted that it was "certainly involving to see the charismatic Gosling verbally spar with superb character actors like Hoffman and [Paul] Giamatti."[127] Mick LaSalle of theSan Francisco Chronicle felt there was "one aspect to the character that Gosling can't quite nail down, that might simply be outside his sphere, which is idealism."[128] He was nominated for aGolden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama.[116] The film grossed $66 million worldwide.[129]
In 2013's crime thrillerGangster Squad, Gosling portrayed Sgt. Jerry Wooters, a 1940sLAPD officer who attempts to outsmart mob bossMickey Cohen (played bySean Penn). He was reunited withEmma Stone as his love interest, after their earlier pairing inCrazy, Stupid, Love. Stone has said she hopes they will find more projects to work together on.[132] A.O. Scott ofThe New York Times described the film as an excuse for the cast "to earn some money trying out funny voices and suppressing whatever sense of nuance they might possess."[133]Christy Lemire ofThe Boston Globe criticized Gosling's "weird, whispery voice" and his "barely developed, one-note" character.[134] However, Betsy Sharkey of theLos Angeles Times felt that there was "a seductive power" in the scenes shared by Gosling and Stone: "But like too much else in the film, it's a scenario that is only half played out."[135]
InThe Place Beyond the Pines, a generational drama directed byBlue Valentine's Derek Cianfrance,[136] Gosling played Luke, a motorcycle stunt rider who robs banks to provide for his family.[137] The shoot was described by Gosling as "the best experience I have ever had making a film."[27] A. O. Scott ofThe New York Times praised his performance, writing: "Mr. Gosling's cool self-possession — the only thing he was allowed to display in "Drive" — is complicated, made interesting, by hints of childlike innocence and vulnerability."[138] Scott Foundas ofThe Village Voice was unimpressed: "Gosling's character verges on parody ... Gosling uses a soft, wounded half-whisper that tells us this is all some kind of put-on ... It's a close variation on the role Gosling played to stronger effect in Nicolas Winding Refn's existential Hollywood thriller,Drive, where it was clear the character was meant to be an abstraction."[139]David Denby ofThe New Yorker remarked that he "reprises his inexorable-loner routine".[140] The film grossed $35 million worldwide from a production budget of $15 million.[141]
Later in 2013, Gosling starred in the violent revenge dramaOnly God Forgives,[142] directed byDrive's Nicolas Winding Refn. Gosling undertookMuay Thai training in preparation for the role,[143] and has described the script as "the strangest thing I've ever read".[143] Both the film and his performance drew negative reviews.[144][145][146]David Edelstein ofNew York magazine stated, "Gosling looked like a major actor as a skinhead inThe Believer and a star inHalf Nelson. Then he stopped acting and started posing. His performance inOnly God Forgives (would God forgive that title?) is one long, moist stare".[147] Stephen Holden of theNew York Times criticized Gosling's inability "to give his automaton any suggestion of an inner life".[148] Peter Travers ofRolling Stone commented that Gosling, while "meant to be a blank page for us to write on, often looks merely blank".[149]
In early 2013, Gosling announced that he was taking a break from acting, stating, "I've lost perspective on what I'm doing. I think it's good for me to take a break and reassess why I'm doing it and how I'm doing it. And I think this is probably a good way to learn about that."[150] Gosling's directorial debutLost River competed in theUn Certain Regard section at the2014 Cannes Film Festival.[151] The "fantasy noir", written by Gosling, starsChristina Hendricks,Ben Mendelsohn, andMatt Smith.[152][153] The film received largely unfavorable reviews.[154]Peter Bradshaw ofThe Guardian found it "insufferably conceited" and remarked that Gosling had lost "any sense of proportion or humility."[155]Robbie Collin ofThe Daily Telegraph describedLost River as "mind-bogglingly pleased with itself",[156] whileVariety'sJustin Chang dismissed the "derivative" film as a "train-wreck."[157]
In 2015, Gosling played a bond salesman in the ensemble financial satireThe Big Short, a Best Picture nominee at the2016 Academy Awards. David Sims ofThe Atlantic felt that he was "smarmily funny, somehow simultaneously magnetic and repulsive; after years wandering the halls of mediocre art cinema, it's wonderful to see him cut loose again."[158] Peter Travers ofRolling Stone said: "Gosling, a virtuoso of verbal sleaze, talks directly to the camera, and he's volcanically fierce and funny."[159] The following year, Gosling starred in the black comedyThe Nice Guys, oppositeRussell Crowe,[160] and inDamien Chazelle's musicalLa La Land, for which he won theGolden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy and received his secondAcademy Award for Best Actor nomination.[161] Robbie Collin praised his chemistry with co-star Emma Stone, writing: "Both stars are so attuned to each other's pace and flow that their repartee just seems to tumble out, perfectly formed."[162] It emerged as one of his most commercially successful films, with earnings of over $440 million against its $30 million budget.[163]
Gosling was signed on to work withTerrence Malick in 2004 on the biographical filmChe, but later dropped out.[164][165] He later starred in Malick'sSong to Song (2017), which had been filmed in 2012, and co-starredRooney Mara,Michael Fassbender, andNatalie Portman.[166][167] Also in 2017, he starred inBlade Runner 2049, a sequel to the 1982 science fiction filmBlade Runner, directed byDenis Villeneuve and co-starringHarrison Ford, who reprised his role asRick Deckard. Gosling's role was as Officer K, a "blade runner" working for the LAPD whose job it is to kill rogue bioengineered humans known asreplicants.[168] A. O. Scott found him to be perfectly cast, adding that his "ability to elicit sympathy while seeming too distracted to want it – his knack for making boredom look like passion and vice versa – makes him a perfect warm-blooded robot for our time".[169] Despite being Gosling's largest box office opening, grossing $31.5 million domestically, the film generally underperformed at the box office.[170]
In 2000, Gosling published a solo album with the misspelled titleAngel With Tatooed Wings.[193] The track "Put Me in the Car" from this album was made available for download on the Internet in 2007.[194] Also that year, Gosling and his friend Zach Shields formed theindie rock bandDead Man's Bones. The two first met in 2005 when Gosling was datingRachel McAdams and Shields was dating her sister, Kayleen.[195][196] They initially conceived of the project as a monster-themed musical but settled on forming a band when they realized putting on a stage production would be too expensive.[195] They recorded their eponymous debut album with theSilverlake Conservatory's Children's Choir and learned to play all the instruments themselves.[195] Gosling contributed vocals, piano, guitar, bass guitar and cello to the record.[196] The album was released throughANTI- Records on October 6, 2009.[197]Pitchfork Media was won over by the "unique, catchy and lovably weird record"[198] whilePrefix felt the album was "rarely kitschy and never inappropriate".[199] However,Spin felt the album "doesn't reverse the rule that actors make dubious pop musicians"[200] andEntertainment Weekly criticized its "cloying, gothic preciousness".[201]
In September 2009, Gosling and Shields had a three-night residency at LA'sBob Baker Marionette Theater where they performed alongside dancing neon skeletons and glowing ghosts.[196][202] They then conducted a thirteen-date tour of North America in October 2009, using a local children's choir at every show.[203][204] Instead of an opening act, a talent show was held each night.[205] In September 2010, they performed at Los Angeles' FYF Festival. In 2011, the actor spoke of his intentions to record a secondDead Man's Bones album. No children's choir will be featured on the follow-up album because "it's not very rock 'n' roll".[206]
Gosling previously resided in New York City.[16][207] He co-owns Tagine, aMoroccan restaurant inBeverly Hills, California.[208] He bought the restaurant on an impulse; he said he spent "all [his] money" on it,[209] spent a year doing the renovation work himself, and now oversees the restaurant's menus.[209][210]
Gosling has been in a relationship with hisThe Place Beyond the Pines co-starEva Mendes since September 2011.[215] They have two daughters, born in 2014 and 2016.[216][217] When asked in a 2022 interview if she and Gosling had married, Mendes said that "I like to keep it all mysterious".[218]
Charity work
Gosling supports various social causes. He has worked withPETA to encourageKFC andMcDonald's to use improved methods of chicken slaughter, and on a campaign encouraging dairy farmers to stop de-horning cows.[219][220][221]
^"Disney Gets First Canadian Mouseketeer".The Gazette. March 24, 1993.
^"The Children's Champion, The Oscar-Nominated Actor, a Star by His Teens, Is Taking Up the Cause of Ugandan Boy Soldiers".The Independent. April 22, 2007.
^Dargis, Manohla (October 12, 2007)."Lars and the Real Girl".The New York Times.Archived from the original on February 17, 2012. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2012.
^abcCarpenter, Ellen (October 14, 2009)."Breaking: Dead Man's Bones".Rolling Stone.Archived from the original on January 14, 2012. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2012.
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