| Postmodernism |
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| Preceded byModernism |
| Postmodernity |
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Russian postmodernism refers to thecultural,artistic, andphilosophical condition inRussia since the downfall of theSoviet Union anddialectical materialism. With respect to statements about post-Soviet philosophy orsociology, the term is primarily used by non-Russians to describe the state ofeconomic andpolitical uncertainty they observe since the fall ofcommunism and the way this uncertainty affects Russian identity. 'Postmodernism' is, however, a term often used by Russiancritics to describe contemporary Russian art andliterature.[1][2][3][4]
In art, postmodernism entered the Soviet Union in the 1950s after the end of theStalinist move toward liberalization with the advent of the Russianconceptualist movement. Beginning as an underground political-artistic move against the use ofSocialist realism as a method of social control and becoming a full-fledged movement with theMoscow Conceptualists, Russian conceptualism used thesymbolism of Socialist realism against the Soviet government. Its representatives were artistsIlya Kabakov,Irina Nakhova,Viktor Pivovarov,Eric Bulatov,Andrei Monastyrski,Komar and Melamid, poetsVsevolod Nekrasov [ru],Dmitri Prigov,Lev Rubinstein, Timur Kibirov, and writerVladimir Sorokin.[5][6]
The members of Lianozovo Group formed in 1958 and named after the small villageLianozovo outside Moscow, were its leader, the artist and poetEvgenii Kropivnitsky [ru], the artistsOlga Potapova,Oscar Rabin,Lidia Masterkova,Vladimir Nemukhin, Nikolai Vechtomov, and the poetsIgor Kholin, Vsevolod Nekrasov, andGenrikh Sapgir.[7]
TheMetarealists, namely metaphysical realists, in the 1970s–90s unofficial postmodern Soviet and Russian poetry, who all used complex metaphors which they called meta-metaphors. Their representatives are Konstantin Kedrov, Elena Katsyuba,Elena Shvarts, Ivan Zhdanov, Vladimir Aristov, Aleksandr Yeryomenko,Yuri Arabov, andAlexei Parshchikov.[8][9]
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