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Ruotsinsalmi sea fortress (Finnish:Ruotsinsalmen merilinnoitus,Swedish:Svensksund,Russian:Морская крепость Руотсинсальми; both names meaningSwedish Strait) is a fortification system inKotka,Finland. It is part of theSouth-Eastern Finland fortification system built byRussia afterRusso-Swedish War of 1788-1790. Ruotsinsalmi sea fortress formed the southern part of a double fortress together withKyminlinna and it was built to counter the Swedish sea fortresses ofSvartholm inLoviisa andSveaborg (Suomenlinna) inHelsinki. Ruotsinsalmi also acted as an outpost of theKronstadt sea fortress inSaint Petersburg. During theCrimean War, a British-French fleet destroyed the Ruotsinsalmi fortifications in 1855.
Ruotsinsalmi sea fortress is composed of a number of separate forts, redoubts, and artillery batteries. The main fortress was theFort Katarina located on the southern part of Kotkansaari island in the present-day Katariina neighbourhood. Other larger forts wereFort Elisabeth in Varissaari island andFort Slava in Kukouri island. Remnants of smaller forts can also be found, for example, in Tiutinen island.
60°26′58″N26°56′15″E / 60.44944°N 26.93750°E /60.44944; 26.93750
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