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Rudolph Minkowski

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
German-American astronomer
Rudolph Minkowski
Born(1895-05-28)May 28, 1895
DiedJanuary 4, 1976(1976-01-04) (aged 80)
Known forsupernovae
AwardsBruce Medal in 1961
Scientific career
FieldsAstronomy
InstitutionsPalomar Observatory

Rudolph Minkowski (bornRudolf Leo Bernhard Minkowski/mɪŋˈkɔːfski,-ˈkɒf-/;[1]German:[mɪŋˈkɔfski]; May 28, 1895 – January 4, 1976) was a German-Americanastronomer.[2]

Biography

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Asteroids discovered: 1[3]
1620 GeographosSeptember 14, 1951

Minkowski was the son of Marie Johanna Siegel and physiologistOskar Minkowski.[4][5] His uncle wasHermann Minkowski, a mathematician and one of Einstein's teachers in Zürich. Rudolph studiedsupernovae and, together withWalter Baade, divided them into two classes (Type I andType II) based on their spectral characteristics.[6] He and Baade also found optical counterparts to variousradio sources.

He headed theNational Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Survey, a photographic atlas of the entire northern sky (and south todeclination -22°) down to an apparentmagnitude of 22.[2]

Together withAlbert George Wilson, he co-discovered the near-EarthApollo asteroid1620 Geographos in 1951.[7] He additionally discovered a correlation between the luminosity ofearly-type galaxies and theirvelocity dispersion,[8] which was later quantified byFaber and Jackson. He won theBruce Medal in 1961.[2] The lunar craterMinkowski is named after him and his uncle.In the 1940's he created a catalog of nearly 200 planetary nebulae, includingMinkowski 2-9,[9] and a dwarf galaxy nearNGC 541, known asMinkowski's object, is named after him.[10]

List of discovered astronomical objects

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This is adynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help byediting the page to add missing items, with references toreliable sources.
NameDiscovery YearTypeRef.
1620 Geographos1951Asteroid[7]
M1-421946Planetary nebula[9]
M1-631946Planetary nebula[9]
M1-911946Planetary nebula[9]
M1-921946Protoplanetary nebula[9]
M2-91947Planetary nebula[11]
M2-421947Planetary nebula[11]
M4-181959Planetary nebula[a][13]

Bibliography

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Footnotes

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  1. ^Also classified as a protoplanetary nebula according to Surendiranath & Kameswara Rao (1995).[12]

References

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  1. ^"Minkowski".Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
  2. ^abcKuhi, Leonard V. (March 1976)."Rudoph L. Minkowski".Physics Today.29 (3):78–80.doi:10.1063/1.3023389.
  3. ^"Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)".Minor Planet Center. 23 May 2016. Retrieved22 June 2016.
  4. ^Notable Scientists from 1900 to the Present: I–M
  5. ^The Concise Dictionary of American Jewish Biography
  6. ^"Rudolph Minkowski 1895—1976"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2014-01-04.
  7. ^abSchmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1620) Geographos".Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1620) Geographos. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 128.doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1621.ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  8. ^Minkowski, R. (1962),Internal Dispersion of Velocities in Other Galaxies
  9. ^abcdeMinkowski, R. (1946)."New Emission Nebulae".Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.58 (344): 305.Bibcode:1946PASP...58..305M.doi:10.1086/125855.
  10. ^Minkowski, R. (1958)."The Problem of the Identification of Extragalactic Radio Sources".Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.70 (413): 143.Bibcode:1958PASP...70..143M.doi:10.1086/127200.S2CID 120628483.
  11. ^abMinkowski, R. (1947)."New Emission Nebulae (II)".Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.59: 257.doi:10.1086/125962.ISSN 0004-6280. Retrieved2025-07-22.
  12. ^Surendiranath, R.; Rao, N. K. (1995-08-01)."A photoionization model of the nebula around the WC11 star M4-18".Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.275 (3):685–698.doi:10.1093/mnras/275.3.685.ISSN 0035-8711.
  13. ^Leuenhagen, U.; Hamann, W. R.; Jeffery, C. S. (1996). "Spectral analyses of late-type WC central stars of planetary nebulae".Astronomy & Astrophysics.312:167–185.Bibcode:1996A&A...312..167L.

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