Rotenoids are naturally occurring substances containing a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene nucleus.^[1] Many haveinsecticidal andpiscicidal activity, such as the prototypical member of the family,rotenone. Rotenoids are related to theisoflavones.

Many plants in the subfamilyFaboideae contain rotenoids. Rotenoids can be found inLonchocarpus sp.Deguelin andtephrosin can be found inTephrosia vogelii.^[2]6'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-12a-hydroxydalpanol can be found in the fruits ofAmorpha fruticosa.^[3]Elliptol,12-deoxo-12alpha-methoxyelliptone,6-methoxy-6a,12a-dehydrodeguelin,6a,12a-dehydrodeguelin,6-hydroxy-6a,12a-dehydrodeguelin,6-oxo-6a,12a-dehydrodeguelin and12a-hydroxyelliptone can be isolated from the twigs ofMillettia duchesnei.^[4] Deguelin,dehydrodeguelin,rotenol,rotenone,tephrosin andsumatrol can be found inIndigofera tinctoria.^[5]6aα,12aα-12a-hydroxyelliptone can be found in the stems ofDerris trifoliata.^[6]Amorphol, a rotenoidbioside, can be isolated from plants of the genusAmorpha.^[7] Deguelin, rotenone,elliptone andα-toxicarol can be found in the seeds ofLonchocarpus salvadorensis.^[8]Clitoriacetal,stemonacetal,6-deoxyclitoriacetal,11-deoxyclitoriacetal,9-demethylclitoriacetal andstemonal can be isolated fromClitoria fairchildiana.^[9]

Rotenoids can also be found in the plant familyNyctaginaceae.Mirabijalone A,B,C andD,9-O-methyl-4-hydroxyboeravinone B,boeravinone C andF, and1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-methylisoquinoline-7,8-diol) can be isolated from the roots ofMirabilis jalapa.^[10]Boeravinones G andH are two rotenoids isolated fromBoerhavia diffusa.^[11]Abronione andboeravinone C can be found in the desert annualAbronia villosa.^[12] In 2015, a new rotenoid calledcrocetenone was extracted from the rhizome ofIris crocea.^[13]

• Rotenoids
• Phenol ethers

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