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| Established | 1993 |
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| Director | Professor Bruce Whitelaw |
| Location | , EH25 9RG ,Scotland, UK 55°51′56″N03°11′54″W / 55.86556°N 3.19833°W /55.86556; -3.19833 |
| Campus | Easter Bush |
| Affiliations | University of Edinburgh,BBSRC |
| Mascot | Dolly the Sheep |
| Website | www |
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TheRoslin Institute is ananimal sciences research institute at Easter Bush,Midlothian, Scotland, part of theUniversity of Edinburgh, and is funded by theBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.
It is best known for creatingDolly the sheep in 1996, the firstmammal to be successfullycloned from an adult cell.
The Roslin Institute has its roots in the University of Edinburgh's Institute of Animal Genetics (IAG), which was founded in 1917 under the direction ofFrancis Albert Eley Crew.[1]
The Poultry Research Centre (PRC) was founded in 1947 by theAgricultural Research Council (ARC).[2] The new institute used expertise and material from the IAG, and its laboratories were located adjacent to the IAG's building on the university'sKing's Buildings campus. A second site housing larger experiments was located on the Bush Estate, south of Edinburgh.[3]
In 1971, the institute's experimental facility moved from the Bush Estate to a larger site near the village ofRoslin, and the main laboratories moved to the same site in 1980.[3]
The Animal Breeding Research Organisation (ABRO) was founded at the same time as the PRC in 1947, again using the IAG's expertise. Its research focused mainly on genetic improvement of cattle, pigs and sheep.[4]
In the 1980s, under the direction of John King andRoger Land, ABRO's research began a shift towardsmolecular biology, which was key in laying the groundwork for the institute's work on cloning in the 1990s.[5]
In 1986, the Poultry Research Centre and the Animal Breeding Research Organisation merged with the Institute of Animal Physiology, based inBabraham, Cambridgeshire, to form the Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics Research (IAPGR).[4] The PRC's buildings in Roslin became the IAPGR's Edinburgh Research Station, with the former ABRO facilities progressively relocating there between 1986 and 1989.[6]
The IAPGR's sites at Babraham and Roslin became two independent institutes owned by theBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council in 1993 – theBabraham Institute and the Roslin Institute. Animal genetics research had been gradually consolidating on the Roslin site since 1986,[6] and all agricultural research at Babraham had ceased by 1998.
The institute became a company limited by guarantee and a charity registered in Scotland, with the BBSRC as its sponsor, in 1995.[7]
In 2006, the BBSRC announced that the institute would move to a new site on the University of Edinburgh's Easter Bush campus, under the direction of David Hume.[8] As part of the plans, the Roslin Institute merged with the Neuropathogenesis Unit of theInstitute for Animal Health, well known for its role in deciphering the biology oftransmissible spongiform encephalopathies and this was headed byJean Manson.
In April 2008, the combined institute became part of the University of Edinburgh'sRoyal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, and the institute's 197 staff members became University of Edinburgh employees on 1 May.[7][9] The move to Easter Bush was completed in March 2011.[10] Under the original plans, the new institute was to be known as EBRC,[11] but the institute ultimately retained the Roslin name.
In February 2020, Bruce Whitelaw became interim director of the institute, replacingEleanor Riley, who had been director since 2017.[12]
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In 1996, the institute won international fame whenIan Wilmut,Keith Campbell, and their colleagues createdDolly the sheep, the firstmammal to be successfullycloned from an adult cell, at the institute.[13][14][15] A year later, two other sheep namedPolly and Molly were cloned, each of which contained a human gene.
Roslin has made many other contributions to animal science and biotechnology research, especially in the area of livestock improvement and welfare through the application ofquantitative genetics. In 2007, a Roslin team developedgenetically modified chickens capable of laying eggs containing proteins needed to make cancer-fighting drugs.
Research at the Roslin Institute is categorised into four scientific divisions:[16]
Three Institute Strategic Programmes, which are funded by theBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, span the Divisions of the institute.
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