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Therose is a common device inheraldry. It is often used both as acharge on acoat of arms and by itself as anheraldic badge. The heraldic rose has a stylized form consisting of five symmetrical lobes, five barbs, and a circular seed. The rose is one of the most common plant symbols in heraldry, together with the lily, which also has a stylistic representation in thefleur-de-lis.[1]
The rose was the symbol of the EnglishTudor dynasty, and the ten-petaledTudor rose (termed a double rose) is associated withEngland. Roses also feature prominently in the arms of the princelyHouse of Lippe and on theseal of Martin Luther.
The normal appearance of the heraldic rose is a five-petaled rose, mimicking the look of a wild rose on a hedgerow. It is shown singly and full-faced. It most commonly has yellow seeds in the center and five green barbs as backing; such a rose isblazoned asbarbed and seeded proper. If the seeds and barbs are of a different colour, then the rose is barbed and seeded of that/those tinctures. The rose of Lippe shown below, for example, is blazoneda RoseGules, barbed and seeded Or.
Some variations on the rose have been used. Roses may appear with a stem, in which case they are described asslipped orstalked. A rose with a stalk and leaves may also be referred to as adamask rose, stalked and leaved, as appearing on theCanting arms of the House of Rossetti.
Rose branches, slips, and leaves have occasionally appeared in arms alone, without the flower. A combination of two roses, one within the other, is termed adouble rose, famously used by the Tudors.[2]
A rose sometimes appears surrounded by rays, which makes it arose-en-soleil (rose in the sun). A rose may be crowned. Roses may appear within achaplet, a garland of leaves with four flowers. In badges, it is not uncommon for a rose to beconjoined with another device.Catherine of Aragon's famous badge was apomegranate conjoined with the double rose of her husband,Henry VIII.[3]
Heraldic roses feature prominently in English history. The two rival royal houses of the fifteenth century were supposedly known by their heraldic badges, theRed Rose of Lancaster and theWhite Rose of York, from which their long conflict was later called theWars of the Roses.[4] The White Rose of York was later used as the badge ofJacobitism in England and Scotland, and beforeWorld War I one of Britain's main Jacobite organizations was called the Order of the White Rose. Red and white roses appear in the civic heraldry ofLancashire andYorkshire respectively.
TheHouse of Tudor that came to power at the end of the wars used a combination of their two roses: the ten-petaledTudor double rose. The double Tudor rose is always depicted as white on red on a field of any other tincture and is always termed 'proper'. It is used as afloral emblem ofEngland, just as thethistle is associated withScotland. It appears in thecompartment of the coats of arms of both theUnited Kingdom andCanada. A red rose appears on the collar of theOrder of the Garter.
TheLuther rose, a rose combined with a ring, heart, andLatin cross, was used byMartin Luther as a personal seal. The Luther rose is sometimes used as a charge in its own right, appearing on the arms of a number of German towns.
In the English and Canadian systems ofcadency, a small rose is the difference mark of a seventh son. In Portugal, a label with three roses was used to differentiate the arms of thePrinces of Beira.
Roses appear in thecoat of arms of Finland and are part of theinsignia of officers (up tocolonel) in theFinnish Army.
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