| Rosa acicularis | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Rosa |
| Species: | R. acicularis |
| Binomial name | |
| Rosa acicularis | |
| Subspecies | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
Rosa acicularis is a flowering plant in theRosaceae family. It is commonly known as theprickly wild rose,prickly rose,bristly rose,wild rose orArctic rose. It is a species of wildrose with aHolarctic distribution in northern regions of Asia,[3] Europe,[4] and North America.
Rosa acicularis is adeciduousshrub growing 1–3 m tall. The leaves are pinnate, 7–14 cm long, with three to seven leaflets. The leaflets are ovate, with serrate (toothed) margins. The flowers are pink (rarely white), 3.5–5 cm diameter; thehips are red, pear-shaped to ovoid, 10–15 mm diameter. Its native habitats include thickets, stream banks, rocky bluffs, and wooded hillsides.[5]
Theploidy of this rose species is variable. Botanical authorities have listed it as tetraploid and hexaploid in North America (subsp. sayi),[6] and octoploid in Eurasia (subsp. acicularis),[6] including China.[7] On the northern Great Plains its populations are generally tetraploid.[citation needed] Hexaploid populations exist in the Yukon.
This native rose species of the northernGreat Plains is theprovincial flower ofAlberta.[8] It is not as common in the Parkland region of the Canadian Prairie provinces asRosa woodsii (Woods' rose), nor is it as common asRosa woodsii in theboreal forest of northern North America.
Thehips, which stay on the plant through winter, are reported to be high invitamins A andC.Native Americans made tea and salad from the leaves, and used the inner bark to smoke tobacco. Perfume has also been made from this plant.[9]
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