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Romanian Academy of Sciences

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Science academy in Romania (1935–1948)

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TheRomanian Academy of Sciences was an institution established inRomania by a group of 26 scientists, dissatisfied with the imperfect organization of the Scientific Section of theRomanian Academy, which was left in the background, with only 12 seats to represent all sciences.^[1]

Short history

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On March 29, 1935, the institution, which was established de facto on March 11, 1935, receivedlegal personality.^[2]

According to the statute, the purpose of the Romanian Academy of Sciences was to encourage and guide the scientific creation by:^[1]

a) facilitating the networking of the researchers in various pure and applied scientific specialties and circulation of their research results through communications, reports, publications, exhibitions, etc.

b) stimulating research through awards for valuable works, by subsidizing etc.

c) scientific initiation of the staff of the special institutions that depend to the Academy of Sciences.

To this end, finally, the Romanian Academy of Sciences set the number of full members to be 120, with up to 12 members of each of the 10 sections:

1.Section ofMathematics andAstronomy;

2.Section ofPhysics;

3.Section ofChemistry;

4.SectionBiology (Zoology,Botany,Physiology);

5.Section ofApplied Biology;

6.Section ofGeology,Mineralogy andGeography;

7.Section ofMilitary Science with application to thenational defense;

8.Section ofHistory andPhilosophy ofScience, Organizing,Education andAwareness;

9.Technical Section;

10.Section ofSocial andEconomic Sciences.

Following the intervention in court of theRomanian Academy, by Decree Law no. 2418 / July 7, 1938, published in The Official Monitor no. 154/ July 8, 1938, the Romanian Academy of Sciences was banned from wearing the title of the Academy, considered as the monopoly of another older institution. As a result, on September 24, 1938, the General Assembly of the Romanian Academy of Sciences has decided to change its name to″The Romanian Institute of Sciences″.

By the Decree Law 3714 / November 6, 1940, published on November 7, 1940 in the Official Monitor No. 261, Part I, it was decided that the ″Romanian Institute of Sciences″,legal person established inBucharest, to be named again the ″Romanian Academy of Sciences″.^[2]

The Romanian Academy of Sciences was dissolved in 1948. By the Great National Assembly Presidium Decree no. 76, published in the Official Monitor No.132 bis / June 9, 1948, TheRomanian Academy was turned into theRomanian People's Republic Academy and the Romanian Academy of Sciences was incorporated in the Romanian People's Republic Academy, all its movable and immovable goods and heritage being integrated in the new Academy.^[3]

Currently, theAcademy of Romanian Scientists, founded in 2007, is considered thesuccessor and solelegatee of the Romanian Academy of Sciences (1935-1948) and the Association of Romanian Scientists, founded in 1956.^[4]

Bibliography

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***Academia de Științe din România. Buletin, 1(1936) - 14(1945-1946).
Botez, Elvira,Scurt istoric al Asociațiunii Române pentru înaintarea și răspândirea științelor, în NOEMA, IV, 2005, l, pp. 159–167.
***Comptes Rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences de Roumanie, I (1936-1937) - VIII (1946-1947).
Negulescu P. P.,Reforma învățământului. Ed. 2-a. București 1927, Ed. Casei Școalelor, pp. CLXXIX-CLXXX.
Rusu, Dorina N.,Istoria Academiei Române. Repere cronologice, București, Ed. Academiei Române, 1992, p. 227.
Rusu, Dorina N.,Membrii Academiei Române 1866-2003 Dicționar, București, Ed. Academiei Române, 2003.