Rizhao 日照市 Jihchao | |
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 Rizhao Seaport | |
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 Location of Rizhao City jurisdiction in Shandong | |
| Coordinates (Rizhao municipal government):35°25′01″N119°31′37″E / 35.417°N 119.527°E /35.417; 119.527 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Shandong |
| County-level divisions | 4 |
| Municipal seat | Donggang District |
| Government | |
| • CCP Municipal Committee Secretary | Li Zaiwu (李在武) |
| • Mayor | Wang Xinsheng (王新生) |
| Area | |
| 5,359 km2 (2,069 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 1,915 km2 (739 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,507 km2 (582 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[2] | |
| 2,968,365 | |
| • Density | 553.9/km2 (1,435/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,551,513 |
| • Urban density | 810.2/km2 (2,098/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,172,205 |
| • Metro density | 777.8/km2 (2,015/sq mi) |
| GDP[3] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 256 billion US$ 36 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 87,000 US$ 12,300 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 276800 |
| Area code | 0633 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-SD-11 |
| License Plate Prefix | 鲁L |
| Rizhao | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chinese | 日照 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "Sunshine" | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Rizhao (Chinese:日照;pinyin:Rìzhào),alternatively romanized asJihchao, is aprefecture-level city in southeasternShandongprovince, China. It is situated on the coastline along theYellow Sea, and features a major seaport, thePort of Rizhao. It bordersQingdao to the northeast,Weifang to the north,Linyi to the west and southwest, and facesKorea andJapan across theYellow Sea to the east.
The name of the city literally means "sunshine".[4] The city is known for its sustainability, and it mandatessolar-water heaters in all new buildings. Rizhao city was recognized by theUnited Nations as one of the mosthabitable cities in the world in 2009.[5][6]
The city population stands at 2,968,365 people as of the2020 Chinese census, of whom 1,172,205 live in theurban area ofDonggang District. As of 2024, the resident population is estimated at 2,929,000. Compared with the 2,801,013 people in2010 Chinese census, there has been a total increase of 167,352 people in the past decade, an increase of 5.97%, with an average annual growth rate of 0.58%.[7]
Rizhao is located at the place where the ancientDawenkou culture and theLongshan culture flourished. Rizhao belonged to theDongyi people during theXia andShang dynasties (2070-1046 BC), and toJu andYue States in theSpring and Autumn period (770-476 BC) and theWarring States period (476-221 BC). It became a part ofLangye Commandery in theQin dynasty (221-206 BC). Rizhao was namedHaiqu County (海曲縣) during theWestern Han (206 BC-25 AD) andXihai County under theEastern Han (25-220 AD).[citation needed] Thefangsheng pond of Haiqu's early Buddhist community is the earliest attested.[8]
During theTang dynasty, together with Ju County, Rizhao belonged toMi Prefecture of Henan Prefecture. In 1087, during the Northern Song dynasty, Rizhao Town was established under Ju County, originating the name meaning "(the place that first receives the) sunshine" due to its eastern coastal location.Rizhao County was set up in 1184 during the Jin dynasty. In 1940 it came under the control of theChinese Communist Party. After being a county and since 1985 a city under the administration ofLinyi, Rizhao became a prefecture-level city within Shandong province in 1989.[citation needed]
The Field Museum of Natural History inChicago has done field survey archaeological work in Rizhao over the years.[9]
Rizhao has a temperate, four-season,monsoon-influenced climate that lies in the transition between thehumid subtropical (KöppenCwa) andhumid continental (KöppenDwa) regimes. Winter is cool to cold and windy, but generally dry, with a January average of 0.3 °C (32.5 °F). Summer is generally hot and humid, but sweltering days are rare, with an August average of 25.5 °C (77.9 °F). Due to its proximity to the coast and being on a peninsula, it experiences a one-month delayed spring compared to much of the province. Conversely, fall is milder than inland areas in Shandong. The annual mean temperature is 13.7 °C (56.7 °F). On average, there are 2,310 hours of bright sunshine annually, and the relative humidity is 69%.[citation needed]
| Climate data for Rizhao, elevation 64 m (210 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.6 (58.3) | 19.0 (66.2) | 25.0 (77.0) | 34.0 (93.2) | 35.7 (96.3) | 38.3 (100.9) | 41.4 (106.5) | 36.2 (97.2) | 37.6 (99.7) | 30.2 (86.4) | 25.8 (78.4) | 17.9 (64.2) | 41.4 (106.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.4 (39.9) | 6.4 (43.5) | 11.3 (52.3) | 17.2 (63.0) | 22.5 (72.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 28.5 (83.3) | 28.9 (84.0) | 25.9 (78.6) | 20.7 (69.3) | 13.4 (56.1) | 6.8 (44.2) | 17.6 (63.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.3 (32.5) | 2.3 (36.1) | 6.8 (44.2) | 12.7 (54.9) | 18.2 (64.8) | 21.8 (71.2) | 25.5 (77.9) | 25.9 (78.6) | 22.3 (72.1) | 16.6 (61.9) | 9.3 (48.7) | 2.7 (36.9) | 13.7 (56.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.8 (27.0) | −0.9 (30.4) | 3.4 (38.1) | 9.0 (48.2) | 14.7 (58.5) | 19.1 (66.4) | 23.1 (73.6) | 23.3 (73.9) | 19.0 (66.2) | 12.9 (55.2) | 5.8 (42.4) | −0.5 (31.1) | 10.5 (50.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.8 (7.2) | −12.6 (9.3) | −7.1 (19.2) | −2.5 (27.5) | 5.9 (42.6) | 11.5 (52.7) | 14.9 (58.8) | 13.4 (56.1) | 9.4 (48.9) | 0.5 (32.9) | −7.2 (19.0) | −12.2 (10.0) | −13.8 (7.2) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 11.3 (0.44) | 18.6 (0.73) | 22.2 (0.87) | 37.7 (1.48) | 77.5 (3.05) | 87.2 (3.43) | 197.2 (7.76) | 163.4 (6.43) | 86.9 (3.42) | 39.0 (1.54) | 35.3 (1.39) | 16.5 (0.65) | 792.8 (31.19) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.3 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 8.6 | 13.0 | 11.3 | 7.5 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 3.5 | 81.9 |
| Average snowy days | 2.8 | 2.3 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 8.1 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 59 | 63 | 63 | 65 | 70 | 81 | 86 | 83 | 73 | 65 | 63 | 58 | 69 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 172.9 | 163.4 | 206.8 | 217.8 | 230.1 | 187.5 | 175.3 | 196.7 | 204.9 | 201.3 | 173.2 | 176.6 | 2,306.5 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 55 | 53 | 55 | 55 | 53 | 43 | 40 | 48 | 56 | 58 | 57 | 58 | 53 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[10][11] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[12] | |||||||||||||
Theprefecture-level city of Rizhao administers fourcounty-level divisions, including twodistricts and twocounties.
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The Zaishui Art Museum on an artificial lake was completed in December 2023, along with a promenade and café by the Spanish firmSelgasCano. In addition to the museum,Jun'ya Ishigami designed a horseback-riding center, a hotel, and a 148-foot-high, concrete church.[13]
The following locations have a 4-star rating according to Chinese classification for scenic spots (旅游景区质量等级)[citation needed]
Since the early 1990s, the city has mandated the incorporation ofsolar water heaters in all new buildings and renovated public buildings, and oversees the construction process to ensure they are correctly installed.[14] The effort to install solar water heaters began in 1992. By 2007, 99% of households in the central districts used solar water heaters, contributing to the city's high sustainability rankings.
Rizhao features a major seaport (Port of Rizhao), located approximately 620 km (390 mi) north ofShanghai, 170 km (110 mi) southwest ofQingdao, and 120 km (75 mi) north ofLianyungang. The seaport serves as a site for loading and unloading iron ore and coal. Other products passing through the harbor include cement, nickel, bauxite, and the like.[15] In 2011 the Port of Rizhao, together with the cities of Qingdao, Weihai and Yantai inShandong, signed a strategic alliance withBusan, the largest port of theRepublic of Korea. The alliance aims at building a shipping and logistics center in Northeast Asia.[16] The iron ore port ofLanqiao, which opened in 2014, is located close to it as is the Lanshan port region.[17]
Rizhao Shanzihe Airport (IATA: RIZ) is an airport serving the city of Rizhao. The airport received approval from the State Council and the Central Military Commission in October 2013. It is located in the town ofHoucun [zh] (后村镇),Donggang District. It was opened on 22 December 2015.[citation needed]
The city is served by two railway stations,Rizhao railway station for local trains, which was rebuilt and reopened in April 2025, andRizhao West railway station for both local and high-speed services.
Since becoming a city, Rizhao has seen a significant growth in the number of universities and colleges,all of which are located in or near the University City (大学城) of Donggang District.[citation needed]
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Rizhao has established twin towns and sister city relationships with several international partners.[18][19]
| City | Country | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trabzon |  Turkey | 1991 |
| Muroran |  Japan | 2002 |
| Gisborne |  New Zealand | 2006 |
| Coatzacoalcos |  Mexico | 2008 |
| Dangjin |  South Korea | 2010 |
| Alhambra |  United States | 2011 |
| Roebourne |  Australia | 2014 |
| Türkmenabat |  Turkmenistan | 2014 |
| Addis Ababa |  Ethiopia | 2024 |
As of 2025, Rizhao has also formed friendly cooperation agreements with additional localities, such asPakhtakor District (Uzbekistan, 2023) andKovacica (Serbia, 2025), though these may differ from formal sister city status.
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