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Rizatriptan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Medication used for the treatment of migraine headaches

Pharmaceutical compound
Rizatriptan
Clinical data
Trade namesMaxalt, Maxalt-MLT, Rizafilm, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa601109
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration
By mouth
Drug classTriptan
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability45%
Protein binding14%
MetabolismBymonoamine oxidase
Eliminationhalf-life2–3 hours
Excretion82%urine; 12%feces
Identifiers
  • N,N-dimethyl-2-[5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]ethanamine
CAS Number
PubChemCID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.243.719Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC15H19N5
Molar mass269.352 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • n1cncn1Cc2cc3c(cc2)[nH]cc3CCN(C)C
  • InChI=1S/C15H19N5/c1-19(2)6-5-13-8-17-15-4-3-12(7-14(13)15)9-20-11-16-10-18-20/h3-4,7-8,10-11,17H,5-6,9H2,1-2H3 checkY
  • Key:ULFRLSNUDGIQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Rizatriptan, sold under the brand nameMaxalt among others, is amedication used for the treatment ofmigraine headaches.[1][3] It is takenby mouth.[1][3] It can also be applied on the tongue.[2] It is a serotonin (5-HT) 1B/1D receptor agonist (triptan).[1][2]

Common side effects includechest pain, dizziness, dry mouth, and tingling.[3] Other side effects may includemyocardial infarction,stroke,high blood pressure,serotonin syndrome, andanaphylaxis.[3] Excessive use may result inmedication overuse headaches.[3] Use is not recommended duringpregnancy andbreastfeeding is not recommended within 24 hours after taking a dose.[4] Rizatriptan is in thetriptan class and is believed to work by activating the5-HT1 receptor.[3]

Rizatriptan was patented in 1991 and came into medical use in 1998.[5][6] It is available as ageneric medication.[4] In 2022, it was the 190th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[7][8] Rizatriptan is available in combination with meloxicam asmeloxicam/rizatriptan.

Medical uses

[edit]

Rizatriptan isindicated to treat acutemigraine attacks with or withoutaura.[1][2] It does not prevent future migraine attacks.[9] A 2010 review found rizatriptan to be more efficacious and tolerable than sumatriptan.[10]

Contraindications

[edit]

Rizatriptan and other triptans can cause vasoconstriction, they are contraindicated in people with cardiovascular conditions.[11]

Adverse effects

[edit]

Frequent adverse effects (incidence less than 10%) are dizziness, drowsiness, asthenia/fatigue, and nausea. Clinical adverse experiences were typically mild and short-lasting (2–3 hours).[11]

Interactions

[edit]

Mechanism of action

[edit]
Further information:Serotonin receptor agonist andTriptan § Mechanism_of_action

Rizatriptan acts as an agonist at serotonin5-HT1B and5-HT1D receptors.[13] Like the othertriptanssumatriptan andzolmitriptan, rizatriptan inducesvasoconstriction—possibly by inhibiting the release ofcalcitonin gene-related peptide from sensory neurons in thetrigeminal nerve.[13]

Society and culture

[edit]

Brand names

[edit]

Brand names include Rizalt, Rizalt RPD, Rizact (India), Rizafilm,[2] Maxalt,[1] and Maxalt-MLT.[1][14][15][16]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefg"Maxalt- rizatriptan benzoate tablet; Maxalt-MLT- rizatriptan benzoate tablet, orally disintegrating".DailyMed. 1 June 2022.Archived from the original on 23 March 2023. Retrieved25 December 2023.
  2. ^abcde"Archived copy"(PDF).Archived(PDF) from the original on 2 August 2023. Retrieved25 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^abcdef"Rizatriptan Benzoate Monograph for Professionals".Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved18 March 2019.
  4. ^abBritish National Formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 473.ISBN 9780857113382.
  5. ^"Drug Approval Package: Maxalt/Rizatritan Benzoate NDA# 20864 & 20865".U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 30 March 2001.Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved25 December 2023.
  6. ^Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006).Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 531.ISBN 9783527607495.
  7. ^"The Top 300 of 2022".ClinCalc.Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved30 August 2024.
  8. ^"Rizatriptan Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022".ClinCalc. Retrieved30 August 2024.
  9. ^"Rizatriptan".MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library of Medicine.Archived from the original on 5 July 2016. Retrieved21 March 2018.
  10. ^Göbel H (2010). "Efficacy and tolerability of rizatriptan 10 mg compared with sumatriptan 100 mg: an evidence-based analysis".Expert Rev Neurother.10 (4):499–506.doi:10.1586/ern.10.24.PMID 20367203.S2CID 43395810.
  11. ^abHargreaves RJ, Lines CR, Rapoport AM, Ho TW, Sheftell FD (2009). "Ten years of rizatriptan: from development to clinical science and future directions".Headache.49:S3 –S20.doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01335.x.PMID 19161563.S2CID 23587019.
  12. ^Millson DS, Tepper SJ, Rapoport AM (March 2000). "Migraine pharmacotherapy with oral triptans: a rational approach to clinical management".Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.1 (3):391–404.doi:10.1517/14656566.1.3.391.PMID 11249525.S2CID 36053513.
  13. ^abWellington K, Plosker GL (2002). "Rizatriptan: an update of its use in the management of migraine".Drugs.62 (10):1539–74.doi:10.2165/00003495-200262100-00007.PMID 12093318.S2CID 195693597.
  14. ^"Rishum01_5_982075622.pdf"(PDF).Mohpublic.z6.web.core.windows.net. Retrieved21 December 2023.
  15. ^"Maxalt Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & More".WebMD.Archived from the original on 21 December 2023. Retrieved21 December 2023.
  16. ^"Rizact 10 mg Tablet - Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Composition".Practo.Archived from the original on 21 December 2023. Retrieved21 December 2023.
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