| Rivenhall | |
|---|---|
 St Mary and All Saints' church | |
  Rivenhall Location withinEssex | |
| Area | 9.386 km2 (3.624 sq mi) |
| Population | 757 (Parish, 2021)[1] |
| • Density | 81/km2 (210/sq mi) |
| Civil parish |
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| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| 51°50′N0°40′E / 51.833°N 0.667°E /51.833; 0.667 | |
Rivenhall is a village andcivil parish nearWitham in theBraintree district ofEssex, England. As well as the small village of Rivenhall itself, the parish also includesRivenhall End and surrounding rural areas. At the2021 census the parish had a population of 757.
It has a primary school called Rivenhall Church of England School. For transport there is the busyA12 nearby andWitham railway station.
ARoman villa existed at Rivenhall. Its site was subsequently used for anAnglo-Saxon hall and adjoining parish church.[2][3] A timber church is known to have existed by the 10th century; it was rebuilt in stone in the late 10th century or early 11th century. The church, dedicated to St Mary and All Saints, is now aGrade I listed building.[4]
Rivenhall had an airfield during theSecond World War calledRAF Rivenhall. It opened in 1943 and closed after the war in 1946.[5]
There are three tiers of local government covering Rivenhall, atparish,district, andcounty level: Rivenhall Parish Council,Braintree District Council, andEssex County Council. The parish council meets at both Rivenhall Village Hall and at the Henry Dixon Hall at Rivenhall End.[6]
Rivenhall was anancient parish in theWitham hundred of Essex.[7] The parish historically includedSilver End, which was a small hamlet until the 1920s when amodel village was built there around theCrittall Windows factory.[8]
In 1933 Rivenhall parish was abolished and its area was absorbed into theurban district of Witham.[9] Witham Urban District was abolished in 1974 under theLocal Government Act 1972, when the area became part of the new Braintree district.[10][11] The area of the pre-1974 urban district becameunparished as a result of the 1974 reforms. Three new civil parishes covering the area of the old urban district were subsequently created in 1982: Witham, Rivenhall, and Silver End. The new parish created in 1982 is therefore smaller than the pre-1933 parish, with Silver End being a separate parish.[12][13]
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