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Riunorese Leonese

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Variety of Leonese spoken in Portugal
Riunorese Leonese
Native toPortugal:Rio de Onor, Guadramil, Petisqueira, Deilão;Spain:Rihonor de Castilla
Language codes
ISO 639-3

Riunorese Leonese is the name given to theLeonese varieties spoken inPortugal[1] belonging to the Senabrese dialect. The name Riunorese stemming from the main village where said varieties are spoken,Riudenore.

Characteristics

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  • The Latin[e] appears more often as[je] than in other dialects;iêl forél 'him'.[2]
  • The diphthong[we] appears as[wo] or[wɐ];ruôdra forrueda 'wheel',puârta forpuerta 'door'.[3]
  • In some cases where in other dialects there is an intervocalic[t̠ʃ], Riunorese Leonese has[ut];noute fornueche.[4]
  • There is a larger quantity of contractions:à fora la 'to the' (f.),da forde la 'of the'(f.), like Portuguese and Galician but unlike other Leonese dialects.[4]
  • Nasalization of diphthongs at the end of words, likematanun 'they killed'.[4]
  • Palatalization of [s], despite being more common in leonese than in otherWest Iberian languages languages, appears even more commonly in Riunorese, like in verb conjugations(note: 'X' represents [ʃ]):Iêl dixu forÉl dixu 'He said' (both palatalized),Tu dixes forTú dices 'You say' (other dialects not palatalized).[5]

Linguistic Classification

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Being in between Galician, Portuguese and Leonese speaking areas, many people consider it a transitional speech betweenGalician-Portuguese andAsturleonese, just like other regions betweenGalicia andLeon/Asturias. In other contexts, it's considered an "influenced zone", like theExtremaduran andCantabrian speaking areas, by Castillian influence (which are also considered transitional speeches sometimes).

Rough geographical distribution ofOld Asturleonese (in light purple) in northeastern Portugal and surrounding areas, in comparison to its modern descendants, including Riunorese and Mirandese (in dark purple)

Writing system

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The writing system most commonly used for Riunorese is based on Portuguese orthography, with the existence of ⟨â⟩ ⟨ê⟩ ⟨ô⟩, the representation of[t̠ʃ] with ⟨tch⟩ (since Portuguese lacks[t̠ʃ], and ⟨ch⟩ represents[ʃ], unlike Spanish and other Leonese dialects, where ⟨ch⟩ represents[t̠ʃ]), among other aspects. The writing system has no legal recognition and is not regulated by any institution. The subdialect has a proposed writing system since it is the only Leonese-speaking territory of Portugal (considering Leonese a separate entity from the rest of Asturleonese, asMirandese is an Asturleonese language/dialect spoken in Portugal in greater numbers).

Sample text

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História de um louco criminoso

('Story of a crazy criminal'; title in Portuguese), written originally in Riunorese Leonese.[6]

Riunorese LeoneseSpanishPortugueseLeoneseCentral AsturianMirandeseEnglish

Un tal Miguel ficou de piquenu sin pai e a mai, marota, terminou-se di cassar cun al Tiu Domingo Tano. I iêl iera mau i batia-le al rapace i bateu-le na cabeça. Que iêl de piquenu iera listu i cun as porradas que le dou na cabeça pusu-se tonto.

Un tal Miguel se quedó de pequeño sin padre y la madre, traviesa, acabó casándose con el tío Domingo Tano. Y él era malo y le golpeaba al niño y le golpeó en la cabeza. Que él de pequeño era listo y con los golpes que le dio en la cabeza se puso tonto.

Um tal Miguel ficou de pequeno sem pai e a mãe, marota, acabou por casar com o Tio Domingo Tano. E ele era mau e batia ao rapaz e bateu-lhe na cabeça. Que ele desde pequeno era esperto e com as pancadas que lhe deu na cabeça fez-se tonto.

Un tal Miguel quedóu de piquenu ensin pai y la mai, cundanada, terminóu casandu cunu Tiu Domingo Tano. Ya él yera malu ya abatucaba-ye al rapaz, abatucóu-ye ena tiesta. Qu'él de piquenu yera llistu ya cunus guelpes que-ye diou na tiesta púnxuse fatu.

Un tal Miguel quedó de pequeñu ensin pá y la ma, condergada, terminó casando col tíu Domingo Tano. Y elli yera malu y golpiaba-y al rapaz y bató-y na tiesta. Qu'elli de pequeñu yera llistu y colos güelpes que-y dio na tiesta púnxose fatu.

Un tal Miguel quedou-se de pequeinho sien pai i la mai, marota, terminou-se por casar cul Tiu Domingo Tano. I el era malo i batie al rapaç i batiu-le na cabeça. Qu'el de pequeinho era listo i culas porradas que le dou na cabeça puso-se boubo.

A so called Miguel was left without a father as a child and the mother, naughty, ended up marrying Uncle Domingo Tano. And he was bad and hit the boy and hit him on the head. Though he was smart since he was little and the blows he gave him to the head made him stupid.

References

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Notes

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  1. ^And, by technicality, Spain, given Riudenore is a border settlement
  2. ^Rodrigues Macias 2003, p. 25.
  3. ^Rodrigues Macias 2003, p. 26.
  4. ^abcRodrigues Macias 2003, p. 29.
  5. ^Rodrigues Macias 2003, p. 27.
  6. ^Rodrigues Macias 2003, p. 19.

Sources

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