Rickard Sandler | |
|---|---|
 Sandler,c. 1910 | |
| Prime Minister of Sweden | |
| In office 24 January 1925 – 7 June 1926 | |
| Monarch | Gustaf V |
| Preceded by | Hjalmar Branting |
| Succeeded by | Carl Gustaf Ekman |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 28 September 1936 – 13 December 1939 | |
| Prime Minister | Per-Albin Hansson |
| Preceded by | Karl Gustaf Westman |
| Succeeded by | Christian Günther |
| In office 24 September 1932 – 19 June 1936 | |
| Prime Minister | Per-Albin Hansson |
| Preceded by | Fredrik Ramel |
| Succeeded by | Karl Gustaf Westman |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 30 June 1920 – 27 October 1920 | |
| Prime Minister | Hjalmar Branting |
| Preceded by | Fredrik Thorsson |
| Succeeded by | Henric Tamm |
| Minister of Commerce and Industry | |
| In office 14 October 1924 – 24 January 1925 | |
| Prime Minister | Ernst Trygger Hjalmar Branting |
| Preceded by | Frederik Thorsson |
| Succeeded by | Henric Tamm |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Rickard Johannes Sandler (1884-01-29)29 January 1884 Torsåker, Sweden |
| Died | 12 November 1964(1964-11-12) (aged 80) Stockholm, Sweden |
| Political party | Social Democratic |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 3 |
| Alma mater | Uppsala University |
| Signature | _sign.jpg) |
Rickard Johannes Sandler (29 January 1884 – 12 November 1964) was a Swedish politician and writer who served asPrime Minister of Sweden from 1925 to 1926. He also served asMinister for Foreign Affairs from 1932 to 1939. Taking office at age 40, he is both the second-youngest, as well as the onlysocial democraticprime minister to never serve asparty leader. He represented severalconstituencies in theRiksdag across more than five decades from 1912 until his death in 1964, making him the longest-servingMember of Parliament in Swedish history.[1]
Rickard Sandler was born inTorsåkerparish (nowKramfors Municipality),Västernorrland County. His father Johan Sandler was aheadmaster at afolk high school and later aMember of Parliament. After receiving aBachelor of Arts degree fromUppsala University, Rickard Sandler became a teacher at a folk high school inKramfors (where his father was headmaster) and another inBrunnsvik. After joining theSwedish Social Democratic Youth League, Sandler's political career took off. He received a Licentiate of Arts degree in 1911 at the age of 26, after which he became a member of the board of theSocial Democratic Party, and would remain a member until 1952. In 1917 he became editor-in-chief forNy Tid, a social democratic newspaper inGothenburg.
In 1918, during the government ofNils Edén, Sandler becameState Secretary forMinister for Finance,Fredrik Thorsson. He continued in the same capacity whenHjalmar Branting became head of government in 1920. When Thorsson went on to head the newMinistry of Commerce and Industry later that same year, Sandler briefly took his place as Minister of Finance from July to October 1920. Following the first democraticSwedish election in 1921, Sandler became aminister without portfolio until 1923. In 1924, in Branting’sthird cabinet, he was offered the position ofMinister for Foreign Trade. Sandler only accepted the role following some persuasion, as he had instead intented to take up a job as headmaster of afolk high school in Brunnsvik.
When Branting resigned in early 1925 due to an illness he never recovered from, the most apparent successor was Minister for Finance, Fredrik Thorsson. However, Thorsson also fell ill and died later that spring. This resulted in the 41-year-old Sandler being appointedhead of government.
As Prime Minister, Sandler was tasked with reducing military expenditure, as had been promised during the election campaign. He was supported by theFree-minded People's Party in what became the largest disarmament in Sweden. Following disarmament, the issue of unemployment came into focus when the government annulled a decision by the Unemployment Commission (arbetslöshetskommissionen) to deny payment to workers at the Stripa mine who were on strike. Theliberal andconservative parties, who together held the majority of seats in theRiksdag, disagreed with the government, called for avote of no confidence, and brought down the government. The 1928 elections resulted inArvid Lindman, leader of theGeneral Electoral League, becoming the prime minister once again.
Sandler returned to the government in 1932 asMinister for Foreign Affairs. In 1939, Sandler left the government following a disagreement with the Prime MinisterPer Albin Hansson about theWinter War. Sandler wanted Sweden to actively helpFinland after theSoviet Union had attacked it on 30 November 1939.
Now a deputy, Sandler continued to be influential in Swedish foreign policy. In 1940, he became a member of theStanding Committee on Foreign Affairs (utrikesutskottet), and was its chairman from 1946 to 1964. He was also aUnited Nations Delegate from 1947 to 1960.[2]
Sandler was governor ofGävleborg County 1941 to 1952. He was chairman of several governmental inquiries, including the Socialization Committee (1920–1936), a commission appointed to audit the Swedish refugee policy duringWorld War II, known as the Sandler Commission (1945–1947), and the Commission on the Constitution (1954 – 1963).
Sandler was one of the founders of The Workers' Enlightenment League (Arbetarnas Bildningsförbund ABF) in 1912. He was the main writer of the Marxist-oriented party program of theSocial Democratic Party in 1920. He published the widely circulated statistical outline of social classes "The society as it is" (1911). From 1926 and 1932, he was director ofStatistics Sweden (Statistiska centralbyrån). Sandler translatedDas Kapital byKarl Marx intoSwedish, and in 1943 he authored a book on literary and historic secret writings calledCipher.
Rickard Sandler (s), AK 1912–16, FK 1919–64, 49 år.
Media related toRickard Sandler at Wikimedia Commons| Political offices | ||
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| Preceded by | Minister for Finance July – October 1920 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of Commerce and Industry 1924 – 1925 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Prime Minister 1925 – 1926 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister for Foreign Affairs 1932 – 1936 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister for Foreign Affairs 1936 – 1939 | Succeeded by |
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