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Dick Pombo | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chair of theHouse Resources Committee | |
| In office January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007 | |
| Preceded by | Jim Hansen |
| Succeeded by | Nick Rahall |
| Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromCalifornia's11th district | |
| In office January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2007 | |
| Preceded by | Tom Lantos |
| Succeeded by | Jerry McNerney |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Richard William Pombo (1961-01-08)January 8, 1961 (age 64) Tracy, California, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Annette Cole |
| Education | California State Polytechnic University, Pomona |
Richard William Pombo,GOIH (born January 8, 1961) is an American lobbyist for mining and water-management companies and formerRepublican member of theUnited States House of Representatives, having representedCalifornia's 11th congressional district from 1993 to 2007. Pombo lost areelection bid to Democratic challengerJerry McNerney on November 7, 2006.[1]
On January 4, 2010, Pombo announced his candidacy for Congress inCalifornia's 19th congressional district to succeed retiring fellow RepublicanGeorge Radanovich,[2] although he did not live in the district.[3] Pombo came in third in that four-way GOP race, with 20.8 percent of the votes.
Pombo was born inTracy, California, 18 miles south ofStockton.[4] He attendedCal Poly, Pomona,[5] for three years before dropping out to work for his family's cattle and dairy business. He is a descendant ofPortuguese immigrants.[6] Pombo is married to the former Annette Cole and has three children. Even after being elected to Congress, he returned to his 500-acre (2 km2) ranch near Tracy every week.[5] Pombo is aRoman Catholic.
From 1990 to 1992, Pombo served on theTracy City Council.
In 1992, Pombo won the Republican primary by defeating several candidates in a race for an open seat in a district newly created byredistricting. California had added seven seats in the House after the 1990census. Pombo's strongest opponent in the Republican primary wasmoderate Republican Sandra Smoley, aSacramento County Supervisor.
In November, although the district had a Democratic majority and was carried byBill Clinton, Pombo nonetheless defeated Democrat Patti Garamendi (wife of current California CongressmanJohn Garamendi).
Pombo was reelected from this district in1994,1996,1998, and2000.
For his first five terms, Pombo represented a district covering almost all ofSan Joaquin County and a large slice ofSacramento County. However, Pombo's district was significantly altered as a result of the 2000 round of redistricting. He lost his share of Sacramento County to the 3rd district, and lost most ofStockton to the 18th District. The district was pushed westward into theSan Francisco Bay Area when it picked up some of the more Republican-leaning portions ofAlameda andContra Costa counties, which had previously been part of the East Bay–based 10th district. Pombo was reelected in2002 and2004 after the redistricting.
In Congress, Pombo had aconservative track record.[7] In 1994, during theRepublican Revolution, he was one of the signatories of theContract with America. He was a member of the conservativeRepublican Study Committee. He was given the nickname "The Marlboro Man" by PresidentGeorge W. Bush.[3]
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Pombo co-wrote a book in 1996 withJoseph Farah ofWorldNetDaily about private property issues, entitledThis Land is Our Land: How to End the War on Private Property.[8][9][verification needed] The San Joaquin County Citizen's Land Alliance, founded in July 1997,[10] has been described as a group, co-founded by Pombo,[according to whom?] that included farmers and other landowners advocating for private property rights and opposing government encroachment on these rights.[citation needed] As of March 2018 it was being led by Gary Barton asCEO Michael Petz asCFO, with Nanette Martin serving as corporation secretary, and as of that date it was listed as terminated (its registration having expired).[10]
Pombo's association with the defense ofprivate property rights[according to whom?] was spurred by theSouthern Pacific Railroad's abandonment of theAltamont Pass route through Tracy.[citation needed] Pombo owned land adjacent to the abandoned railroad line, and argued that the abandonedeasement should legally revert to the adjacent property owners (such as himself) rather than to the local park district.[citation needed] He further argued that as the easement was granted based on a promise that the land would be used for railroad purposes only, that the easements ended entirely when they were abandoned.[citation needed]
Pombo's case resulted in Congress passing theRails to Trails Act.[according to whom?][when?] In aNew York Times editorial, Pombo was called "an outspoken product of the extreme property rights movement."[This quote needs a citation] In 2005, he proposed legislation that would allow mining companies to buy lands on which they have staked claims, even if there is no evidence of valuable minerals on that land; according to the editorial, "This has nothing to do with mining, and everything to do with stealing land that is owned by the American people."[This quote needs a citation]
Pombo supported theIraq War. In August 2006,anti-Iraq War activists criticized him, citing an estimate that taxpayers in the 11th congressional district paid $974 million for the war by that time.[11]
In a 2006 debate, Pombo said that "intelligence agents should obtainsurveillancewarrants before monitoring phone calls", but "less than five months later, he voted to allowwarrantless wiretapping." He told theTracy Press that his vote was consistent with his statement, and that although the bill allows a delay in obtaining a warrant, it requires that Congressional Intelligence Committees and theFISA Court be notified, this maintainingseparation of powers among the branches of government.[12] An advocate for theCenter for Democracy and Technology said the bill went further than Pombo acknowledged insofar as it allowed for the warrantless collection of large amounts of data as long as no specific individual was being targeted (and that the bill in fact defined "electronic surveillance" as excluding such activity). Pombo's opponent in 2006,Jerry McNerney, who went on to defeat Pombo, opposed the bill.[12]
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From 2003 to 2007, a member of theHouse Agriculture Committee,[citation needed][verification needed] and was the Chairman of theHouse Resources Committee,[13][neutrality isdisputed] which has oversight and sets policy on matters involvingnatural resources,Indian Country andIndian gaming.[citation needed] Pombo was also a co-chair of theHouse Energy Action Team (HEAT),[when?] whose stated goal was to find alternative energy solutions.[citation needed]
Pombo was an early member of theCongressional Hispanic Conference,[when?] a Republican caucus that promotes the interest of Hispanic and Portuguese Americans.[citation needed] He was also a member and former Chairman of the CongressionalWestern Caucus,[when?] which is made up of Western State members of Congress concerned aboutEndangered Species Act reform,water rights, private property rights, and other issues affecting the western states.[citation needed] He was also, as of 2007, co-chair of the Portuguese Caucus,[14][full citation needed] a coalition of Members of Congress who promote positive Portuguese-American relations, and a group he is said to have founded.[citation needed] In that role, he hosted prominent visitors fromPortugal to the United States, and the Portuguese government bestowed Pombo with the Grand Order of Infante D. Henrique, Portugal's highest civilian honor, in recognition of his efforts to improve Portuguese-American relations.[citation needed]
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In 2006,Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, a nonpartisan watchgroup founded in 2005 byliberal and Democratic Party activists[15] released a report naming Pombo as one of the 13 most corrupt members of Congress. Pombo issued a statement where he denied the allegations and described the group as "a liberal-activist organization masquerading as a government watchdog group."[16]
Pombo and hispolitical action committeeRICH PAC[17] was among a dozen leaders in the House of Representatives reportedly under investigation as part of the corruption and influence-peddling scandal centered around disgraced Washington lobbyistJack Abramoff, and his policy issues, includingIndian gaming. Pombo had accepted more money from Abramoff than had any other member of Congress ($500,000). Fundraisers organized by Indian gaming interests and tied to the 2005 MLB All-Star Game are among those activities under scrutiny.[18]
On January 8, 2006, theLos Angeles Times alleged that Pombo helped one of Abramoff's clients, theMashpee Indians inMassachusetts, gain federal recognition as a tribe. In return, Pombo received campaign contributions from both the tribe and Abramoff.[19]
In the 2006 cycle, Abramoff was one of the top donors to Pombo's political action committee.[20] Several of Pombo's top five donors are political influence brokers fromDetroit, who hosted several $5,000-per-person fundraisers for Pombo in theirowners box atComerica Park during the 2005 MLB All-Star Game. News reports indicated contributions from the two-day fundraising event would go to RICH Political Action Committee. However,Federal Election Commission reports filed by RICH PAC show only one such contribution. Apparently contributions were diverted to some other entity making it difficult to track who attended and contributed.
TheIlitch family, owners of the MLBDetroit Tigers and Detroit'sMotorCity Casino, are also financial backers of various Indian tribes, including theShinnecock Indian Nation, which is seeking to build a gaming casino on its reservation nearSouthampton, New York. Various issues and tribal disputes involving the Shinnecock were before the House Resources Committee chaired by Pombo just days after the fundraiser.[18]
On October 11, 2006, it was reported that Pombo "says he never worked with disgraced lobbyist Jack Abramoff in his fourteen years in Congress, but billing records suggest at least two interactions between the two in 1996".[21]
Various members of the Pombo family individually own more than 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) undeveloped near two proposed freeways. If even one of the proposed freeways is eventually built, the value of the property owned by Pombo's relatives and located near the proposed freeway will be worth far more than its currently assessed value.
Pombo led an effort to build a multilanefreeway (State Route 130) through the mostly uninhabitedDiablo Range to facilitateBay Area-bound commuting from the greater Tracy area.[22][23]
Pombo's home town of Tracy is close to a largewind farm onAltamont Pass. In 2004, Pombo's office sent a letter to then-Secretary of the Department of the InteriorGale Norton, urging the suspension of environmental guidelines opposed by the wind power industry. Pombo's parents have received hundreds of thousands of dollars in royalties from wind-powered turbines on their 300-acre (1.2 km2) ranch. Pombo owns an interest in his parents' ranch.[24]
Between 2000 and 2004, Pombo used his campaign and PAC funds to pay his brother Randall $272,000, and his wife (between 2003 and 2004) $85,000. In that 2003–04 campaign cycle, Pombo paid more to his family members—$217,000—than his opponent,Jerry McNerney, spent on his entire campaign. The two were paid for duties listed as bookkeeping, fundraising, consulting and other unspecified services.[25]
After publicity about the payments to his family, Randall was taken off Pombo's payroll (total payments between January 2005 and mid-2006 were less than $7,000). Pombo's wife continued to be paid at the rate of $3,000 per month.[26]
In October 2004, Pombo used the franking privileges afforded members of Congress to mail approximately 175,000 copies of a two-page leaflet that openly praised the House Resources Committee and theBush administration for overturningClinton Administration limits on snowmobiling in national parks. The leaflets were sent to snowmobile owners in theswing states ofWisconsin andMinnesota. Pombo authorized the expenditure of $68,081 from House Resources Committee funds for the mailing of the leaflets as "official business." House members are required to seek prior approval and obtain advisory opinions before sending out franked mail; no such approval was obtained prior to the October mailing.[27]
In August 2003, Pombo and his family rented an RV and "spent two weeks on vacation, stopping along the way to enjoy ... our national parks".[28] The 5,000 miles (8,000 km) trip included stops in theGrand Canyon,Yellowstone,Joshua Tree,Sequoia National Park,Kings Canyon National Park andMount Rushmore,Badlands National Park, and other parks. The $4,935 cost of the rental was charged to the federal government, but was determined to be a more cost effective alternative to flying, renting a car, and staying in a hotel.
When asked in February 2006 about the trip—rules forbid government-funded travel for personal vacations, but allow lawmakers to bring family members on official trips—Pombo said that he had looked into flying into the parks by commercial air or charters, but found the costs to be excessive. After choosing to travel instead by RV, he invited his family along with him.[29]
AtYellowstone, Pombo had a lengthy meeting with the park superintendent, which a spokesman charactizered as official. Pombo's visit to theBadlands National Park is in dispute: the secretary to the superintendent said he did not show; a spokesman for Pombo said that Pombo was certain he was there and met with a group of Native American tribal leaders nearby. Reports concerning Pombo's visit toJoshua Tree are also contradictory. TheLos Angeles Times was told that Pombo had shown up for his meeting but "they were not there". TheTracy Press was told that Pombo met with the park's acting superintendent.
Officials fromSequoia andKings Canyon national parks did not return calls seeking comment.[30]
One January 8, 2006, theLos Angeles Times reported that Pombo and RepresentativeJohn Doolittle had joined with then-House Majority LeaderTom DeLay ofTexas to oppose an investigation by federal banking regulators into the affairs ofHouston millionaireCharles Hurwitz. TheTimes reported that "When theFDIC persisted, Doolittle and Pombo—both considered protegés of DeLay—used their power as members of the House Resources Committee tosubpoena the agency's confidential records on the case, including details of the evidence FDIC investigators had compiled on Hurwitz." The investigation was ultimately dropped.
According to theTimes, "Although Washington politicians frequently try to help important constituents and contributors, it is unusual for members of Congress to take direct steps to stymie an ongoing investigation by an agency such as the FDIC." The article concluded, "in the Hurwitz case, Doolittle and Pombo were in a position to pressure the FDIC and did so."[19][31]
On September 23, 2006, the Central ValleyRecord reported that East Bay RepresentativeGeorge Miller and six other House Democrats had requested that Pombo hold "immediate" congressional hearings concerning oil lease payments to theInterior Department. The article noted that "Miller and his allies—including Pombo's challenger,wind power consultantJerry McNerney—want oil companies such asChevron to renegotiate contracts they inked with Clinton administration officials that failed to include language requiring the firms to pay taxes when oil prices pass $36 a barrel." Pombo "had a provision written into the House's offshore drilling legislation, which passed earlier this year, that would instead levy a fee on those firms that refuse to renegotiate their contracts."[32]
AnAlaskan oil services company under federal investigation in connection with allegations of influence peddling has contributed nearly $18,000 to Pombo.[33] The investigation sparked a Washington state candidate for the Senate to return his contributions fromAnchorage-basedVECO Corporation the day after theFBI raided offices of several Alaskan state legislators.
Pombo proposed legislation to sell roughly a quarter of the land managed by theNational Park Service. In November 2005, Pombo andJim Gibbons (R-NV) co-authored an amendment to the Federal Budget Reconciliation Bill easing restrictions of sale of federal lands to mining companies. This amendment was opposed byenvironmentalists, anti-growth advocates, and even some Republican Senators concerned about the measure's effects on hunting and fishing.[34] The amendment narrowly passed the House, but was defeated in the Senate. The legislation was later described by his chief of staff as a "bureaucratic exercise" designed to evaluate the costs of not drilling in theArctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR).
Pombo supported oil drilling in the ANWR, despite concerns about theecosystem and opposition from moderate Republicans.[35]
In September 2005, Pombo helped write a revision of the 1973Endangered Species Act. The proposed revision "was widely denounced by environmentalists as a disturbing retreat from habitat protection and a paperwork nightmare for agencies seeking to revive the 1,268 threatened and endangered plants and animals in the country, 186 of which are in California."[36] The bill did not pass.[37]
By March 2006,Environmental Science & Technology reported that Pombo was coordinating efforts with Pac/West Communications to weaken the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Pac/West created theSave Our Species Alliance, an anti-environmental front group that campaigned for Pombo's bill to change the ESA.[38]
TheLeague of Conservation Voters, a nonpartisanPAC, assigned Pombo a lifetime average rating of 7 on a scale of 0 to 100. In 2005, he scored a 6. Subsequently, the organization named Pombo as one of the "Dirty Dozen" in 2006.[39] LCV released an ad on October 31, 2006, citing Pombo's acceptance of $120,000 from oil companies and his ties to indicted lobbyistJack Abramoff.[40]
Rolling Stone ranked him one of the worst congressmen and called him "Enemy of the Earth".[41] TheSierra Club called him an "eco-thug".[3]
As the chairman of theHouse Resources Committee, Pombo blocked legislation that would have created theWild Sky Wilderness area inWashington state, despite broad support for the bill.[42]
His political revival was characterized as giving environmentalists "fits" by theSan Jose Mercury News in addition to describing his perception by that community as similar to that of Exxon-ValdezCaptain Joseph Hazelwood or the hunter that shotBambi's mother.[3]
TheLeague of Conservation Voters added him to their Dirty Dozen list in 2010, even though this list is typically reserved for sitting members of Congress; and Warner Chabor, the organization's CEO, stated, "Having Pombo represent a district that includesYosemite National Park is like electingGodzilla as mayor ofTokyo".[3]
Amid these growing scandals, Pombo faced serious primary opposition for the first time since his initial race in 1992. His leading opponent was former congressmanPete McCloskey, a leading moderate Republican. Earlier, McCloskey had led an effort to find a viable primary challenger to Pombo. Pombo defeated McCloskey in the primary with 61 percent of the vote. McCloskey had been endorsed byThe Sacramento Bee, theSan Jose Mercury News, and theLeague of Conservation Voters. Seven weeks later, McCloskey endorsed Pombo's Democratic opponent,Jerry McNerney, who had won the Democratic primary overSteve Filson and Steve Thomas. McNerney received just over half of the Democratic vote and faced Pombo in the 2006 general election in November.[43] McNerney had been Pombo's opponent in 2004.
On October 3, 2006, a Democratic-commissioned poll was released with McNerney leading Pombo 48 percent to 46 percent.[44] There were two polls commissioned by the NRCC, but results weren't released. Based on these events, in early October,Congressional Quarterly changed their rating of this race fromRepublican Favored toLeans Republican.[45] This was a significant development; Pombo had soundly defeated McNerney in 2004, taking 61 percent of the vote.
On November 7, 2006, Pombo was defeated by McNerney.[46] McNerney got 53.1 percent of the vote to Pombo's 46.9 percent. Apart from prevailing national Democratic trends and the corruption allegations dogging him, Pombo was also the number one national target of environmental groups. Washington, D.C.–basedDefenders of Wildlife spent more than $1 million on the race and commissioned the first poll in 2005 that showed Pombo to be vulnerable in his re-election bid. TheSierra Club sent over 300 volunteers and organizers to work for McNerney in the final weeks of the campaign. The group, allied with the League of Conservation Voters, also aired issue ads attacking Pombo. Pombo andHeather Wilson were the two Representatives targeted by theHumane Society, which spent over $100,000 in Pombo's district, including organizers.[47][48] Since Pombo left office, no other Republican has represented a significant part of the Bay Area in Congress.
In a letter dated November 29, 2006, fromPAC/West Communications, Pombo states, "I have accepted a position as Senior Partner at Pac/West, a full service political public relations firm with offices from California to Washington, D.C."
On January 4, 2010, Pombo announced his candidacy for Congress inCalifornia's 19th congressional district after CongressmanGeorge Radanovich, a fellow Republican, announced he wouldn't run for reelection.[2] The 19th neighbors Pombo's former 11th district and leans more Republican than the 11th. Pombo said he "didn't think [he] would ever run again, but when George Radanovich announced he wasn't running, my phone rang off the hook". Pombo faced Radanovich-backed state SenatorJeff Denham and formerFresno mayorJim Patterson in the primary,[49] which Jeff Denham won.
Pombo followed up his candidacy for Congress announcement by signing the Taxpayer Protection Pledge sponsored byAmericans for Tax Reform on January 5, 2010. This marks the second time that Pombo signed the Pledge. He previously signed it as Representative ofCalifornia's 11th congressional district. According to ATR, Pombo has a lifetime rating of 91% from their annual Congressional Scorecards.[50]
Primary opponent Jeff Denham stated that Pombo was a liability to the Republican Party who has "given them a lot of material over the years", a reference to his various scandals and notoriety among environmentalists.[3]
| Year | Office | Republican | Votes | Pct | Democrat | Votes | Pct | 3rd Party | Party | Votes | Pct | 3rd Party | Party | Votes | Pct | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 | House | Richard Pombo | 94,453 | 48% | Patti Garamendi | 90,539 | 46% | Christine Roberts | Libertarian | 13,498 | 7% | ||||||||
| 1994 | House | Richard Pombo | 99,302 | 62% | Randy A. Perry | 55,794 | 35% | Joseph B. Miller | Libertarian | 4,718 | 3% | ||||||||
| 1996 | House | Richard Pombo | 107,477 | 59% | Jason Silva | 65,536 | 36% | Kelly Rego | Libertarian | 5,077 | 3% | Selene Bush | Natural Law | 3,006 | 2% | ||||
| 1998 | House | Richard Pombo | 95,496 | 61% | Robert L. Figueroa | 56,345 | 36% | Jesse Baird | Libertarian | 3,608 | 2% | ||||||||
| 2000 | House | Richard Pombo | 120,635 | 58% | Tom Y. Santos | 79,539 | 38% | Kathryn A. Russow | Libertarian | 5,036 | 2% | Jon A. Kurey | Natural Law | 3,397 | 2% | ||||
| 2002 | House | Richard Pombo | 104,921 | 60% | Elaine Shaw | 69,035 | 40% | ||||||||||||
| 2004 | House | Richard Pombo | 163,582 | 61% | Jerry McNerney | 103,587 | 39% | ||||||||||||
| 2006 | House | Richard Pombo | 96,396 | 47% | Jerry McNerney | 109,868 | 53% |
Grand Officer of theOrder of Prince Henry,Portugal (8 June 1996)[52]{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)[full citation needed]
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| Preceded by | Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromCalifornia's 11th congressional district 1993–2007 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Chair of theHouse Natural Resources Committee 2003–2007 | Succeeded by |
| U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial) | ||
| Preceded byas Former U.S. Representative | Order of precedence of the United States as Former U.S. Representative | Succeeded byas Former U.S. Representative |
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