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Revolutionary Ukrainian Party Революційна Партія України | |
|---|---|
| Founder | Dmytro Antonovych Mykola Porsh |
| Founded | 11 February 1900 |
| Dissolved | 1905 |
| Split from | Hromada |
| Succeeded by | Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party |
| Headquarters | Kyiv |
| Ideology | Socialism Ukrainianautonomy |
| Political position | Left-wing |
TheRevolutionary Ukrainian Party (Ukrainian:Революційна Партія України) was a Ukrainianpolitical party in theRussian Empire founded on 11 February 1900 by theKharkiv student secret societyHromada.[1][failed verification]
The rise of the party came about with a successful consummation after other attempts from various public associations, such as theBrotherhood of Tarasivtsi and the Social-Democratic Circle ofIvan Steshenko andLesya Ukrainka, were tried. Originally, the aim of R.U.P. was the independence of all Ukrainian national elements. What made the R.U.P. unique was the willingness to embrace all political philosophies, includingsocialism.[1]
The party officially arose at its First Congress in December 1902 when six party communities united into one political party in the following cities:Kharkiv,Poltava,Kyiv,Nizhyn,Lubny, andYekaterinodar, as well as some smaller groups representing such cities asRomny,Pryluky,Odessa,Moscow andSaint Petersburg. The congress, also, elected the party Central Committee, Foreign Committee and Publication Committee, with the last two located abroad inLemberg andCzernowitz. The Central Committee consisted ofDmytro Antonovych, Yevhen Holitsynsky (later replaced byVolodymyr Vynnychenko),Mykhailo Tkachenko, and V. Kozynenko, while the Foreign Committee was headed by Antonovych and Vynnychenko.
In 1903, the party turned away from its original nationalistic program of an Independent Ukraine and changed to a program that was more based on the principals and goals of international social democracy such as theErfurt Program. That same year RUP was joined by the Kyiv-based Ukrainian Socialist Party that mirrored the party programme of thePolish Socialist Party that was created by Kyivan Polish students and Polish Ukrainophiles. Also, in 1903, many members of RUP were arrested, while others fled to Lemberg (Lviv). Marian Melenevsky became the head of the Foreign Committee.
In 1904,Mykola Porsh ascended to be a new party leader. The party shifted its focus away from peasantry, instead concentrating on the Ukrainian urban proletariat. In August, a representative of RUP, Yevhen Holitsynsky, participated at theInternational Socialist Congress inAmsterdam; however, due to a protest by theRSDLP members on a separate Ukrainian delegation, he was forced to join their delegation at the event.
In December 1904, the Second Congress of the RUP took place which culminated in a split with Marian Melenevsky, leading the more Marxist members to establishing the Ukrainian Social Democratic Union (Spilka) in January 1905 that later became an autonomous entity of theRSDLP and was instrumental during theRevolution of 1905 in Ukraine.
In December 1905, the RUP was renamed theUkrainian Social Democratic Labour Party (USDLP).
In 1902, the party's right wing established the Ukrainian People's Party under the leadership and influence ofMykola Mikhnovsky. The UPR adopted Mikhnovsky's nationalist program with minor socialist elements. After the emergence of theCentral Rada, it renamed itself the Ukrainian Party of the Socialist-Independentists.
Members of the party's left wing formed theUkrainian Social Democratic Union, or theSpilka. The USDU promoted the Russian Social Democratic platform alongside the unity of the movement throughout Russia. It would disband in 1907.[2]
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