 | |
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name O-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)-3-iodo-L-tyrosine | |
| Systematic IUPAC name (2S)-2-Amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenoxy)-3-iodophenyl]propanoic acid | |
| Other names reverse triiodothyronine reverse T3 rT3 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider |
|
| KEGG |
|
| MeSH | Reverse+triiodothyronine |
| UNII | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C15H12I3NO4 | |
| Molar mass | 650.974 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Reverse triiodothyronine, also known asrT3, is anisomer oftriiodothyronine (T3).
Reverse T3 is the third-most common iodothyronine the thyroid gland releases into the bloodstream, at 0.9%;tetraiodothyronine (levothyroxine, T4) constitutes 90% and T3 is 9%. However, 95% of rT3 in human blood is made elsewhere in the body, asenzymes remove a particulariodine atom from T4.[1]
The production of hormone by the thyroid gland is controlled by thehypothalamus andpituitary gland. The physiological activity of thyroid hormone is regulated by a system of enzymes that activate, inactivate or simply discard the prohormone T4 and in turn functionally modify T3 and rT3. These enzymes operate under complex direction of systems including neurotransmitters, hormones, markers of metabolism and immunological signals.
The levels of rT3 increase in conditions such aseuthyroid sick syndrome because its clearance decreases while its production stays the same. The decreased clearance is possibly from lowerthyroxine 5-deiodinase activity in the peripheral tissue or decreased liver uptake of rT3.[2] In addition, increased rT3 concentrations result from upregulatedthyroxine 5-deiodinase activity in critical illness, starvation and fetal life.[3]
