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| Residential community | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 社区 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 社區 | ||||||
| |||||||
| Mongolian name | |||||||
| Mongolian Cyrillic | хороолол | ||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ | ||||||
| |||||||
| Uyghur name | |||||||
| Uyghur | مەھەللە | ||||||
| |||||||
| Kazakh name | |||||||
| Kazakh | الەۋمەتتىك اۋماعى әлеуметтің аумағы äleumettıñ aumağy | ||||||
| Kyrgyz name | |||||||
| Kyrgyz | قوومدۇق قونۇشۇ коомдук конушу qoomduq qonuşu | ||||||
| Administrative divisions of China |
|---|
Analogous county level units Management areas Management committee |
Analogous township level units Management areas Management committee Farms area (Overseas Chinese Farm Region [zh]),Prison area,University towns, etc. |
(Grassroots Autonomous Organizations) Villages · Gaqa · Ranches Residential Committees |
History:before 1912,1912–49,1949–present Administrative division codes |
Aresidential community is acommunity, usually a small town orcity, that is composed mostly ofresidents, as opposed tocommercialbusinesses and/orindustrial facilities, all three of which are considered to be the three main types of occupants of the typical community.
Residential communities are typically communities that help support more commercial or industrial communities withconsumers andworkers. Thatphenomenon is probably because some people prefer not to live in anurban or industrial area, but rather asuburban orrural setting. For that reason, they are also calleddormitory towns,bedroom communities, orcommuter towns.
An example of residential community would include a small town or city outside a larger city or a large town located near a smaller but more commercially- or industrially-centered town or city, for instanceTaitou in Gaocun, Wuqing, and Tianjin, China.
In thePeople's Republic of China, acommunity (社区),[1][2] also calledresidential unit orresidential quarter (小区) orneighbourhood (居民区) orresidential community (居住区), is an urbanresidential area and its residents administrated by asubdistrict (街道办事处). Communities are generally organized around a territory consisting of 100 to 700 households.[3]
The reform that created residential communities as local government in their current form was calledshèqū (社区). Originally, these organizations consisted of participating citizens and chiefs, the latter ones being installed by the central governance. Shequ represented an attempt to restructure the relationship between state and urban community in China.[4]
Thesocial anthropologistFei Xiaotong is considered the first to have proposed the introduction of the idea of shequ in China.[5] The introduction of shequ started after the collapse of the previously existing social institutions (danwei) during the mid-1990s. Shequ were supposed to relieve the state of certain duties and responsibilities by transferring them to citizens participating in the shequ. They take over responsibilities which in democratic states are assumed by organisations of the civil community.
Each community has a community committee, neighborhood committee orresidents' committee (社区居民委员会). The creation, adjustment or dissolution of a community committee is decided by the subdistrict government.[3] A community committee is directly elected and consists of 5 to 9 members; it is responsible to the residents assembly, which consists of all residents in the community who are at or above the age of 18.[3]
【社区】 shèqū 名{...}2我国城镇按地理位置划分的居民区
【社区】 shèqū 名{...}在我国特指城市街道办事处或居民委员会活动范围内的地区。