Republicans Republicanos | |
|---|---|
 | |
| President | Marcos Pereira |
| Secretary-General | Evandro Garla |
| Founder | Marcelo Crivella |
| Founded | 16 December 2003; 21 years ago (2003-12-16) |
| Registered | 25 August 2005; 20 years ago (2005-08-25) |
| Headquarters | SDS-Setor de Diversão Sul-Ed. Miguel Badia, 30-Bloco L-3º Andar, Sala 320-Brasília/DF,Brazil |
| Think tank | Fundação Republicana Brasileira |
| Youth wing | Jovens Republicanos |
| Women's wing | Mulheres Republicanas |
| Elders' wing | Idosos Republicanos |
| Membership | 495,136 (2022) |
| Ideology | Social conservatism[1] Christian right[2] Economic liberalism[1] |
| Political position | Right-wing[3] |
| Religion | Catholic Church (majority)[4][5] Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (supported)[6] |
| Colours | Navy Blue Green Yellow |
| Slogan | "The real conservative party of Brazil" |
| TSE Identification Number | 10 |
| Mayors | 212 / 5,570 |
| Chamber of Deputies | 40 / 513 |
| Federal Senate | 4 / 81 |
| Mercosur Parliament | 3 / 38 |
| State Assemblies | 42 / 1,024 |
| City Councillors | 2,601 / 56,810 |
| Website | |
| republicanos10 | |
TheRepublicans[7] (Portuguese:Republicanos), formerly theBrazilian Republican Party (Portuguese:Partido Republicano Brasileiro,PRB) and originally formed as theMunicipalist Renewal Party (Portuguese:Partido Municipalista Renovador,PMR), is a Brazilianpolitical party. Itselectoral number, the numerical assignment for Brazilian political parties, is 10.
The party issocially conservative andeconomically liberal,[7][1] and has a strong association with theevangelicalUniversal Church of the Kingdom of God.[1][8] Its party presidentMarcos Pereira is a bishop of the Church.[9]
As the PRB, it was the party of formerVice President of BrazilJosé Alencar, where it was part ofLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva's government.[10] While it also supportedDilma Rousseff untilher impeachment,[11] it was one of the closest allies of theBolsonaro government,[12] and Vice PresidentHamilton Mourão joined the party at the tail end of his tenure in 2022.[13]
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The party was founded in August 2005 as the Municipalist Renovator Party by pastors of theUniversal Church of the Kingdom of God.[14] Lula'sVice PresidentJosé Alencar moved to PRB on 2005 after leaving theLiberal Party.[15] In March 2006, the party was renamed the Brazilian Republican Party as a suggestion by Alencar.[16]
The Brazilian Republican Party first fought against President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, then rallied behind him after his re-election in 2006. According to one study, the PRB was supportive of the Lula da Silva and Rousseff presidencies “on the basis of their concern for social democracy and for eliminating inequality.”[17] However, later the PRB started to join the new rising wave of conservativism and anti-petism[18][19] in Brazil and all of the PRB's deputies voted in favor ofDilma's impeachment.
They then supported the government ofMichel Temer. In the 2018 presidential election, the Brazilian Republican Party supported the candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party,Geraldo Alckmin. Afterwards the party started to switch its support to PresidentJair Bolsonaro,[18] reflecting their strong ideological affinity.[18] For the2022 Brazilian general election, the Republicans formed a coalition with theLiberal Party (PL) and theProgressives (PP) in order to supportJair Bolsonaro's 2022 presidential campaign.[20][21] Candidates launched by the Republicans had their image heavily associated and sometimes were endorsed by Bolsonaro.
In August 2019, the Brazilian Republican Party changed its name into Republicanos.[8] Justifying as "the name change reinforces the reformulation of the party's program and statutes... consolidating its position as a party conservative in customs and liberal in the economy”,[22] seeking to emulate theAmerican Republican Party.[23] The name change came with a manifesto adopting a resolutely socially conservative position defending Christian values, the traditional family and private property.[19]
The party leader as of 2024[update] wasMarcos Pereira.
The party's most important members are BishopMarcelo Crivella,Rio de Janeirosenator and nephew of Universal's founder BishopEdir Macedo, journalistCelso Russomanno[24] and formerVice-PresidentJosé Alencar. Famous football player Ronaldinho, also known asRonaldo de Assis Moreira, joined the party in March 2018.[25]
In 2022, it had 495,136 members.[26]
In 2012, 80% of its members were Catholic and 20% evangelical, including six from the universal Church.[27]
The party defines itself as "socially conservative buteconomically liberal", defending Christian values, the traditional family and private property.[19] The party aligned itself withJair Bolsonaro duringhis government from 2018 to 2022.[21]
Some commentators say that theUniversal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG), aneo-charismatic church that is organized like a business enterprise, has used the party as a base for its bishops to run for political office. According to the emeritus professor of political sciences from theUniversity of Brasília,David Fleischer, "The PRB is an evangelical party."[1] Several members, such as Celso Russomanno,[24] are Catholic. Several leading members, such as Edir Macedo and Marcelo Crivella, have expressed statements ofChristian fundamentalism and religious intolerance. A UN report accused members of the UCKG of verbal and physical attacks on members of theUmbanda andCandomblé religions.[28] Macedo considered participating in presidential elections in order to transform Brazil into atheocratic state.[28]
As mayor ofRio de Janeiro, Crivella called theCarnival of Rio de Janeiro an "un-Christian excess" and ordered severe financial cuts for the organisers.[29] Furthermore, he is known for statements of religious intolerance. In his 1999 bookEvangelizing Africa, he claimed that homosexuality is a "terrible evil," that Catholics are "demonic", that African religions are based on "evil spirits," and that Hindus drink their children's blood.[30][31] He has since tried to distance himself from the book, saying that it was the work of a young, immature missionary.[30]
| Election | Candidate | Running mate | Coalition | First round | Second round | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |||||
| 2006 | Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) | José Alencar (PRB) | PT; PRB;PCdoB | 46,662,365 | 48.6% (#1) | 58,295,042 | 60.8% (#1) | Elected Y |
| 2010 | Dilma Rousseff (PT) | Michel Temer (PMDB) | PT;PMDB;PR;PSB;PDT;PCdoB;PSC; PRB;PTC;PTN | 47,651,434 | 46.9% (#1) | 55,752,529 | 56.1% (#1) | ElectedY |
| 2014 | PT;PMDB;PSD;PP;PR;PDT; PRB;PROS;PCdoB | 43,267,668 | 41.6% (#1) | 54,501,118 | 51.6 % (#1) | ElectedY | ||
| 2018 | Geraldo Alckmin (PSDB) | Ana Amélia (PP) | PSDB;PP;PR; PRB;PSD;SD;DEM;PTB;PPS | 5,096,350 | 4,76% (#4) | - | - | Lost N |
| 2022 | Jair Bolsonaro (PL) | Walter Braga Netto (PL) | PL;PP; Republicanos | 51,072,345 | 43,2% (#2) | 58,206,354 | 49,1% (#2) | LostN |
| Source:Election Resources: Federal Elections in Brazil – Results Lookup | ||||||||
| Election | Chamber of Deputies | Federal Senate | Role in government | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | ||
| 2006 | 244,059 | 0.26% | 1 / 513 | New | 264,155 | 0.31% | 2 / 81 | New | Coalition |
| 2010 | 1,633,500 | 1.69% | 7 / 513 |  6 | 3,332,886 | 1.96% | 1 / 81 |  1 | Coalition |
| 2014 | 4,423,993 | 4.55% | 21 / 513 | 13 | 301,162 | 0.34% | 1 / 81 |  0 | Coalition |
| 2018 | 4,992,016 | 5.08% | 30 / 513 | 9 | 1,505,607 | 0.88% | 1 / 81 | 0 | Coalition |
| 2022 | 7,618,108 | 6.91% | 42 / 513 | 12 | 4,259,279 | 4.19% | 3 / 81 | 2 | Independent |
| Sources:Election Resources,Dados Eleitorais do Brasil (1982–2006) | |||||||||
If now the reactionary political actors accuse the Workers' Party of all the sins of Brazil, in their time the neo-Pentecostal and conservative evangelical representatives accommodated themselves to the governments of theptand they managed to reinforce their presence and their weight throughout these 13 years (Tadvald, 2015). The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, the main neo-Pentecostal church in Brazil, entered the PT government in 2003, first through the Liberal Party (pl) and then through the Brazilian Republican Party (prb).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)| First | Numbers of Brazilian Official Political Parties 10 - REPUBLICANOS | Succeeded by |