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Regional Internet registry

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Organization responsible for managing network numbering
Number Resource Organization
Founded1992 (RIPE NCC)
1993 (APNIC)
1997 (ARIN)
1999 (LACNIC)
2003 (NRO)
2004 (AFRINIC)
TypeInternet governance
Focusproviding a coordinated Internet number registry system
supporting the multi-stakeholder model
Origins1992 RIPE NCC begins distributing addresses
2003 letter from RIRs toICANN
2004 Memorandum of Understanding
Area served
Worldwide
Methodcoordinating joint activities of regional internet registries
Internet
Visualization of Internet routing paths
AnOpte Project visualization ofrouting paths through a portion of the Internet
iconInternet portal

Aregional Internet registry (RIR) is an organization that manages the allocation and registration ofInternet number resources within a region of the world. Internet number resources includeIP addresses andautonomous system (AS) numbers.

Map of regional Internet registries

The regional Internet registry system evolved, eventually dividing the responsibility for management to a registry for each of five regions of the world. The regional Internet registries are informally liaised through the unincorporatedNumber Resource Organization (NRO), which is a coordinating body to act on matters of global importance.[1]

As of 2005, there are currently five regional registries:

Regional Internet registries 2002–2005
Regional Internet registries until 2002

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

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Regional Internet registries are components of the Internet Number Registry System, which is described inIETF RFC 7020,[7] where IETF stands for the Internet Engineering Task Force. TheInternet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) delegates Internet resources to the RIRs who, in turn, follow their regional policies to delegate resources to their customers, which includeInternet service providers and end-user organizations.[8] Collectively, the RIRs participate in theNumber Resource Organization (NRO),[9] formed as a body to represent their collective interests, undertake joint activities, and coordinate their activities globally. The NRO has entered into an agreement withICANN for the establishment of theAddress Supporting Organisation (ASO),[10] which undertakes coordination of global IP addressing policies within the ICANN framework.

Number Resource Organization

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TheNumber Resource Organization (NRO) is an unincorporated organization uniting the five RIRs.[9] It came into existence on October 24, 2003, when the four existing RIRs entered into amemorandum of understanding (MoU) in order to undertake joint activities, including joint technical projects and policy coordination. The youngest RIR,AFRINIC, joined in April 2005.

The NRO's main objectives are to:

  • Protect the unallocatedIP number resource pool.
  • Promote and protect the bottom-up policy development process of theInternet.
  • Serve as a focal point for theInternet community to provide input on the RIR system.

Local Internet registry

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Alocal Internet registry (LIR) is an organization that has been allocated a block ofIP addresses by a RIR, and that assigns most parts of this block to its own customers.[11] Most LIRs areInternet service providers, enterprises, or academic institutions. Membership in a regional Internet registry is required to become a LIR.

See also

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References

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  1. ^"About the NRO". Number Resource Organization.Archived from the original on 2023-07-06. Retrieved2023-07-26.
  2. ^"African Network Information Centre".Archived from the original on 2011-02-23. Retrieved2018-12-25.
  3. ^"American Registry for Internet Numbers".Archived from the original on 2021-12-22. Retrieved2018-02-03.
  4. ^"Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre".Archived from the original on 2011-02-19. Retrieved2018-12-25.
  5. ^"Latin America and Caribbean Network Information Centre".Archived from the original on 2022-06-08. Retrieved2018-12-25.
  6. ^"RIPE Network Coordination Centre".Archived from the original on 2011-02-23. Retrieved2018-12-25.
  7. ^Housley, R.; Curran, J.; Huston, G; Conrad, D. (August 2013).The Internet Numbers Registry System.IETF.doi:10.17487/RFC7020.RFC7020.
  8. ^Coleman, Liv (2013-04-16).""We Reject: Kings, Presidents, and Voting": Internet Community Autonomy in Managing the Growth of the Internet".Journal of Information Technology & Politics.10 (2):171–189.doi:10.1080/19331681.2012.749823.ISSN 1933-1681.S2CID 145227402.Archived from the original on 2023-02-12. Retrieved2022-09-08.
  9. ^ab"Number Resource Organization".Archived from the original on 2018-12-26. Retrieved2018-12-25.
  10. ^"The Address Supporting Organization".Archived from the original on 2018-12-19. Retrieved2018-12-25.
  11. ^"Number Resource Policy Manual".www.arin.net.Archived from the original on 2023-07-26. Retrieved2019-07-10.
  • AFRINIC (Africa)
  • APNIC (Asia-Pacific region)
  • ARIN (Canada, United States, some Caribbean nations)
  • LACNIC (Latin America, some Caribbean nations)
  • RIPE NCC (Europe, Russia, Middle East, Central Asia)
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