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TheRedones orRiedones (Gaulish:Rēdones, laterRiedones, 'chariot- or horse-drivers') were aGallic tribe dwelling in the eastern part of theBrittany peninsula during theIron age and subsequentRoman conquest ofGaul. Their capital was at Condate, the site of modern dayRennes.

In 57 BC they were subjugated by the Romans under forces led byPublius Licinius Crassus, the son of the triumvirMarcus Licinius Crassus, but they provided men to the Gallic coalition led byVercingetorix at theBattle of Alesia in 52.^[1]

They are mentioned asR[h]edones byCaesar (mid-1st c. BC),^[2]Rhedones (var.r[h]iedones,s[hi]edones) byPliny (1st c. AD),^[3]Rhiḗdones (‛Ριήδονες;var. ‛Ρηήδονες),Rhḗdones (Ῥήδονες) andRhēḯdones (Ῥηΐδονες) byPtolemy (2nd c. AD),^[4] and asRedonas in theNotitia Dignitatum (5th c. AD).^[5][6] Their chief town is also attested on inscriptions asciv]itas Ried[onum and[civ]itas Ried[onum].^[7]

TheGaulishethnonymRēdones means 'chariot-drivers' or 'horse-riders'. It stems from theCeltic root *rēd- ('to ride,esp. a horse or horse-led chariot'; cf. Gallo-Latinrēda 'chariot',paraue-redus 'work-horse',ue-rēdus 'post horse') attached to the suffix -ones.^{[note 1][9]}

The originalRēdones led to a formRiedones afterdiphthongisation.^[10] Following the discovery of inscriptions featuring this variant in the 1960s, some historians, including Anne-Marie Rouanet-Liesenfelt and Louis Pape,^[11][12] have argued that the formRiedones should be preferred overRedones in scholarship, which is not necessary according to linguistPierre-Yves Lambert.^[13]

The city ofRennes, attested ca. 400 AD ascivitas Redonum ('civitas of the Redones';Redonas in 400–441;Rennes in 1294) is named after the Gallic tribe.^[14]

They lived on the peninsula ofBrittany in the region which was known at the time asArmorica. Although they controlled a narrow coastline in the southern part of theMont-Saint-Michel Bay,^[1] they did not have a direct opening to maritime trade.^[15]Caesar mentions them among thecivitates maritimae orAremoricae.^[16] Their territory was located east of theCoriosolites, north of theNamnetes, west of theAulerci Diablintes, and southwest of theVenelli andAbrincatui.^[17]

Their capital was known as Condate Redonum, and was at the site of modern dayRennes.^[16]

After the bloody fight on theSambre (57 BC)Julius Caesar sentPublius Licinius Crassus with a single legion into the country of theVeneti, Redones, and otherCeltic tribes between theSeine River and the Loire, all of whom submitted. (B. G. ii. 34.) Caesar here enumerates the Redones among the maritime states whose territory extends to theAtlantic Ocean. In 52 BC the Redones with their neighbors sent a contingent to attack Caesar during thesiege ofAlesia. In this passage also (B. G. vii. 75), the Redones are enumerated among the states bordering on the ocean, which in the Celtic language were called theArmoric States.D'Anville supposes that their territory extended beyond the limits of the diocese of Rennes into the dioceses ofSt. Malo andDol-de-Bretagne.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Redones".Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.

• Historical Celtic peoples
• Gauls
• Tribes in pre-Roman Gaul
• Tribes involved in the Gallic Wars
• Armorica
• History of Rennes

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