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| Type | Free-to-aircommercialtelevision network |
|---|---|
| Country | Brazil |
| Stations |
|
| Affiliates | TV Pampa |
| Headquarters | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Programming | |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Picture format | 480pSDTV |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Pedro Jack Kapeller |
| Parent | Grupo Bloch |
| Key people | Adolpho Bloch |
| History | |
| Founded | 5 June 1983 (1983-06-05) |
| Launched | 5 June 1983 (1983-06-05) |
| Founder | Adolpho Bloch |
| Replaced | Rede Tupi |
| Closed | 10 May 1999 (1999-05-10) (15 years, 11 months and 5 days) |
| Replaced by | RedeTV! |
| Former names | TV Manchete Ltda. (1983-1999)TV Ômega Ltda. (May-November 1999) |
Rede Manchete (Portuguese pronunciation:[ˈʁedʒimɐ̃ˈʃɛtʃi]; lit.:Headline Network; also known asTV Manchete or onlyManchete) was a Braziliantelevision network that was founded inRio de Janeiro on 5 June 1983 by the Ukrainian-Brazilian journalist and businessmanAdolpho Bloch. The network remained on the air until 10 May 1999.[1] It was part of Grupo Bloch, which published the magazineManchete by Bloch Editores, its publishing division; the television network was named after the magazine.[2]
With sophisticated equipment and seeking anupper class schedule,[3] Manchete was known for its programming based onjournalism, covering the world andBrazilian sport, with major sporting events.Telenovelas,series andminiseries from Manchete also made history in the Brazilian television dramaturgy[clarification needed]. In addition to their own schedule, Manchete is known as airing Japanese programmes liketokusatsu andanime, including some of theSuper Sentai series (Choushinsei Flashman,Dengeki Sentai Changeman),Sailor Moon,Kamen Rider Black,Black RX,MegaBeast Investigator Juspion andSaint Seiya.
In May 1999, the partners Amilcare Dallevo and Marcelo de Carvalho (known as TeleTV Group) bought the licenses of Manchete, moved the headquarters toBarueri, and changed the network's name toRedeTV!.[4]
The successor network not only toRede Tupi but toRede Excelsior, two former Brazilian television networks, it was owned byAdolpho Bloch, theUkrainian –Brazilian founder of the publishing group called "Bloch Editores", from half of the defunctRede Tupi (the other half becameSBT in 1981). Its slogan in 1983 was the unofficial slogan "A Televisão do ano 2000" (The Television of the year 2000) and the official slogan "A TV de 1ª Classe" (First Class Television). Initially planned to launch between September and November 1982,[3] and then March 1983,[5] Manchete began operations at 7:00 pm on 5 June 1983[6] with a speech by Bloch, followed by a segment with the network's logo flying over Brazil and then stopping on a building.[7] The network received high ratings in Rio de Janeiro, and as a result, it suddenly moved to second place in viewership in that area.
In the beginning, the network broadcast various shows and operas, likeTV Record in 60s, bringing the focus for the A and B Classes. In 1984, model and actressXuxa presented theClube da Criança program in 1984, beating sometimesTV Globo's morning show,Balão Magico. This was the year it began a rival coverage of the Brazilian Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, its most successful one.
In 1985, with two years of existence, losses of Manchete were evident. The network entered its first financial crisis.[8] Bloch, in 1988, wanted to sell the network and asked for US$350 million.[9] In the 1990s, congressman Paulo Octávio made a proposal to Adolpho Bloch of the proposed purchase of TV Manchete for US$200 million. The Paulo Octávio partner was the businessmanJoão Carlos Di Genio,[10][11][12] but the sale was not made.[13]Editora Abril also showed interest in the network.[14] Then the IBF company took Manchete, but then had revoked its management justice. Adolpho Bloch took control of the network, with staff salaries six months late.[7] Within four months, Bloch had brought staff pay back up to date.[citation needed]
By 1987, for the first time, Rede Manchete and Rede Globo jointly broadcast theBrazilian Carnival to all over the country. The next year, however, the network was in a weak financial situation after just 5 years, but came out stronger.
1990 saw the launch of thetelenovelaPantanal (named after thePantanalwetlands on which it was set), which would beat the TV Globo telenovelaRainha da Sucata (Queen of the Junk) in popularity and score. The story mixed romance, very beautiful images of theMato Grosso Pantanal and a bit of the supernatural. The plot centered around a son of a big farmer of Mato Grosso that came to know his father for the first time, and also Juma, a wild lady that lives in a forest cabin and transforms herself in ajaguar when she's angry, with which he falls in love. Afterwards, Manchete continued making telenovelas that were well known for their good image and content quality. They were exported to various countries, but never proved as successful as Pantanal or competing telenovelas from the Rede Globo.
However, beginning in 1992 and continuing through the end of the decade, the network was forced off the air three times; the first of those shutdowns was due to an invasion of employees at the network's transmission tower inSão Paulo.[15]
After Bloch's death in 1995, his nephew Pedro Jack Kapeller became president of Manchete.[16] Manchete's financial troubles deepened after the1998 FIFA World Cup, when the network's income fell 40 percent. As a result, the network laid off 540 employees, as well as pay day wages of the remaining employees. In October 1998, the network cut the production of almost all of its programs, including the telenovelaBrida [pt].[15] The network was to be sold toReborn in Christ Church in January 1999, but in February of the same year, the proposal was withdrawn due to a breach of contractual clauses. On 8 May 1999, Rede Manchete's license was sold to TeleTV Group for US$608 million.[17]
1983: A TV dos Anos 2000 (TV of the Year 2000)
TV de Primeira Classe (First Class TV)
1990: O Brasil passa na Manchete (Brazil passes on Manchete)
1997: Qualidade em Primeiro Lugar (Quality in First Place)
1998: Você em Primeiro Lugar (You in First place)
1999: Nova Manchete tudo novo no Verão 99 (New Manchete all new in Summer 99)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
| 1989
1990
1991
1992
| 1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
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The network's main newscast was entitledJornal da Manchete, which began airing on 6 June 1983 and aired for the final time on 8 May 1999. It was the longest running programme in the network's history.
WhenJornal da Manchete first premiered, it had an excessive duration of two hours (with commercials), and was divided into several segments that would eventually become separate programmes. The duration of the newscast would be reduced to 30 minutes after the1985 Brazilian presidential election.
The opening theme of the programme was based on "Videogame" by the Brazilian groupRoupa Nova; the original master recording was used from 1983 until 1989.
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